{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2963834345","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/n19-1304","title":"Analyzing Polarization in Social Media: Method and Application to Tweets on 21 Mass Shootings","display_name":"Analyzing Polarization in Social Media: Method and Application to Tweets on 21 Mass Shootings","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2963834345","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/n19-1304","mag":"2963834345"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/n19-1304","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/n19-1304","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 Conference of the North","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/n19-1304","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052171928","display_name":"Dorottya Demszky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6759-9367"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dorottya Demszky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University ()"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University ()","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101957840","display_name":"Nikhil Garg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1988-792X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikhil Garg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University ()"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University ()","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070966744","display_name":"Rob Voigt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3743-0322"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rob Voigt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Linguistics"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Linguistics","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005779176","display_name":"James Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8880-4764"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University ()"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University ()","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112876685","display_name":"Jesse M. Shapiro","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I175594653","display_name":"John Brown University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ct41q97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I175594653"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jesse Shapiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brown University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brown University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I175594653"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008542297","display_name":"Matthew Gentzkow","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7758-8656"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Gentzkow","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University ()"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University ()","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087088138","display_name":"Dan Jurafsky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6459-7745"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Jurafsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University ()"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University ()","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052171928"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":52.0649,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":170,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99862435,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2970","last_page":"3005"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10994","display_name":"Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence","score":0.9815000295639038,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.9753999710083008,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.6345694065093994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polarization","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","score":0.607647716999054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-linguistics","display_name":"Computational linguistics","score":0.5224156379699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5190747380256653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/media-studies","display_name":"Media studies","score":0.488841712474823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.35094672441482544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.2631244659423828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2126973569393158}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.6345694065093994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205049153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2698605","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.607647716999054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155092808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182557","display_name":"Computational linguistics","level":2,"score":0.5224156379699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5190747380256653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29595303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650","display_name":"Media studies","level":1,"score":0.488841712474823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.35094672441482544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.2631244659423828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2126973569393158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/n19-1304","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/n19-1304","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 Conference of the North","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/n19-1304","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/n19-1304","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 Conference of the North","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7699999809265137}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W91442942","https://openalex.org/W1556641933","https://openalex.org/W1575650065","https://openalex.org/W1576632330","https://openalex.org/W1686065478","https://openalex.org/W1714665356","https://openalex.org/W1973871257","https://openalex.org/W1974705446","https://openalex.org/W1985071194","https://openalex.org/W2018493666","https://openalex.org/W2020193954","https://openalex.org/W2034144524","https://openalex.org/W2038411619","https://openalex.org/W2062624071","https://openalex.org/W2089667673","https://openalex.org/W2102968466","https://openalex.org/W2103843299","https://openalex.org/W2113166392","https://openalex.org/W2122538209","https://openalex.org/W2124751389","https://openalex.org/W2125791099","https://openalex.org/W2126305164","https://openalex.org/W2127226672","https://openalex.org/W2137029365","https://openalex.org/W2137467756","https://openalex.org/W2142553311","https://openalex.org/W2142573394","https://openalex.org/W2148685192","https://openalex.org/W2149731496","https://openalex.org/W2159426623","https://openalex.org/W2159949138","https://openalex.org/W2167178949","https://openalex.org/W2175300453","https://openalex.org/W2183031110","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2250747954","https://openalex.org/W2251617662","https://openalex.org/W2252072508","https://openalex.org/W2531170658","https://openalex.org/W2563621800","https://openalex.org/W2578640877","https://openalex.org/W2586214300","https://openalex.org/W2620742108","https://openalex.org/W2736694309","https://openalex.org/W2740751204","https://openalex.org/W2752172973","https://openalex.org/W2772421893","https://openalex.org/W2825704194","https://openalex.org/W2889078912","https://openalex.org/W2964325543","https://openalex.org/W3047361183","https://openalex.org/W3124176255"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1977056376","https://openalex.org/W1990545028","https://openalex.org/W4312622923","https://openalex.org/W2728430307","https://openalex.org/W2107786128","https://openalex.org/W2048368023","https://openalex.org/W2735469505","https://openalex.org/W2484264353","https://openalex.org/W4237944947"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Dorottya":[0],"Demszky,":[1],"Nikhil":[2],"Garg,":[3],"Rob":[4],"Voigt,":[5],"James":[6],"Zou,":[7],"Jesse":[8],"Shapiro,":[9],"Matthew":[10],"Gentzkow,":[11],"Dan":[12],"Jurafsky.":[13],"Proceedings":[14],"of":[15,19,24],"the":[16,20,25],"2019":[17],"Conference":[18],"North":[21],"American":[22],"Chapter":[23],"Association":[26],"for":[27],"Computational":[28],"Linguistics:":[29],"Human":[30],"Language":[31],"Technologies,":[32],"Volume":[33],"1":[34],"(Long":[35],"and":[36],"Short":[37],"Papers).":[38],"2019.":[39]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-03-26T15:22:09.906841","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
