{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2982713930","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d19-5626","title":"Learning to Generate Word- and Phrase-Embeddings for Efficient Phrase-Based Neural Machine Translation","display_name":"Learning to Generate Word- and Phrase-Embeddings for Efficient Phrase-Based Neural Machine Translation","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2982713930","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d19-5626","mag":"2982713930"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/d19-5626","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d19-5626","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Neural Generation and Translation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d19-5626","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100608515","display_name":"Chan Young Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2720-0112"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chan Young Park","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062910836","display_name":"Yulia Tsvetkov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4634-7128"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yulia Tsvetkov","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100608515"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2601,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85445029,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"241","last_page":"248"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phrase","display_name":"Phrase","score":0.930374026298523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8301681876182556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.7094814777374268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.6703425645828247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6391401886940002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6315878629684448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translation","display_name":"Translation (biology)","score":0.5237603187561035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.44993332028388977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-based-machine-translation","display_name":"Transfer-based machine translation","score":0.43377557396888733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronous-context-free-grammar","display_name":"Synchronous context-free grammar","score":0.4304288327693939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/example-based-machine-translation","display_name":"Example-based machine translation","score":0.39788585901260376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.0957307517528534}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776224158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187931","display_name":"Phrase","level":2,"score":0.930374026298523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8301681876182556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.7094814777374268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.6703425645828247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6391401886940002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6315878629684448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149364088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917","display_name":"Translation (biology)","level":4,"score":0.5237603187561035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.44993332028388977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130597682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6961922","display_name":"Transfer-based machine translation","level":4,"score":0.43377557396888733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51802942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7662211","display_name":"Synchronous context-free grammar","level":4,"score":0.4304288327693939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24687705","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3753284","display_name":"Example-based machine translation","level":3,"score":0.39788585901260376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0957307517528534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105580179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188928","display_name":"Messenger RNA","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/d19-5626","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d19-5626","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Neural Generation and Translation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/d19-5626","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d19-5626","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Neural Generation and Translation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7200000286102295,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1916559533","https://openalex.org/W2006969979","https://openalex.org/W2101105183","https://openalex.org/W2148708890","https://openalex.org/W2153579005","https://openalex.org/W2153653739","https://openalex.org/W2413436069","https://openalex.org/W2514698017","https://openalex.org/W2766687262","https://openalex.org/W2767989436","https://openalex.org/W2903193068","https://openalex.org/W2904683980","https://openalex.org/W2962739339","https://openalex.org/W2962784628","https://openalex.org/W2962945603","https://openalex.org/W2963206679","https://openalex.org/W2963248296","https://openalex.org/W2963260202","https://openalex.org/W2963403868","https://openalex.org/W2963506925","https://openalex.org/W2963620441","https://openalex.org/W2963809228","https://openalex.org/W2964334713","https://openalex.org/W4214784700"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2566847733","https://openalex.org/W2010336863","https://openalex.org/W1559710535","https://openalex.org/W3036784334","https://openalex.org/W4312364893","https://openalex.org/W193726211","https://openalex.org/W3204448004","https://openalex.org/W4321010057","https://openalex.org/W2962780935","https://openalex.org/W2384400852"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Neural":[0],"machine":[1],"translation":[2,12,22],"(NMT)":[3],"often":[4],"fails":[5],"in":[6,10,74],"one-to-many":[7],"translation,":[8],"e.g.,":[9],"the":[11,21,76,92,118,145],"of":[13,23,55,80,97,99,117,135],"multi-word":[14],"expressions,":[15],"compounds,":[16],"and":[17,58],"collocations.":[18],"To":[19],"improve":[20],"phrases,":[24,136],"phrase-based":[25,45,67,120],"NMT":[26,35,68],"systems":[27],"have":[28],"been":[29],"proposed;":[30],"these":[31],"typically":[32],"combine":[33],"word-based":[34],"with":[36,41,115],"external":[37],"phrase":[38,42],"dictionaries":[39],"or":[40,82],"tables":[43],"from":[44],"statistical":[46],"MT":[47],"systems.":[48],"These":[49],"solutions":[50],"introduce":[51,65],"a":[52,66,87,132],"significant":[53],"overhead":[54],"additional":[56],"resources":[57],"computational":[59],"costs.":[60],"In":[61],"this":[62],"paper,":[63],"we":[64],"model":[69,85,106,124],"built":[70],"upon":[71],"continuous-output":[72],"NMT,":[73],"which":[75,90],"decoder":[77,93],"generates":[78],"embeddings":[79,96],"words":[81],"phrases.":[83],"The":[84],"uses":[86],"fertility":[88],"module,":[89],"guides":[91],"to":[94,108,128],"generate":[95],"sequences":[98],"varying":[100],"lengths.":[101],"We":[102],"show":[103],"that":[104],"our":[105,123],"learns":[107],"translate":[109],"phrases":[110],"better,":[111],"performing":[112],"on":[113],"par":[114],"state":[116],"art":[119],"NMT.":[121],"Since":[122],"does":[125],"not":[126],"resort":[127],"softmax":[129],"computation":[130],"over":[131],"huge":[133],"vocabulary":[134],"its":[137],"training":[138],"time":[139],"is":[140],"about":[141],"112x":[142],"faster":[143],"than":[144],"baseline.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}