{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2977890251","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d19-5545","title":"Grammatical Error Correction in Low-Resource Scenarios","display_name":"Grammatical Error Correction in Low-Resource Scenarios","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2977890251","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d19-5545","mag":"2977890251"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/d19-5545","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d19-5545","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/D19-5545.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Noisy User-generated Text (W-NUT 2019)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/D19-5545.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032425414","display_name":"Jakub N\u00e1plava","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2259-1377"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21250087","display_name":"Charles University","ror":"https://ror.org/024d6js02","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21250087"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jakub N\u00e1plava","raw_affiliation_strings":["Charles University in Prague"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Charles University in Prague","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21250087"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060081515","display_name":"Milan Straka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3295-5576"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21250087","display_name":"Charles University","ror":"https://ror.org/024d6js02","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21250087"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Milan Straka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Charles University in Prague"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Charles University in Prague","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21250087"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21250087"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2819,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66176387,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"346","last_page":"356"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7832606434822083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/czech","display_name":"Czech","score":0.7132624983787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.6391404271125793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/german","display_name":"German","score":0.6384899616241455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.5982666015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/license","display_name":"License","score":0.5866248607635498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.574452817440033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/error-detection-and-correction","display_name":"Error detection and correction","score":0.5690646767616272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5404845476150513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spurious-relationship","display_name":"Spurious relationship","score":0.46711453795433044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.32501721382141113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.23791640996932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.22404581308364868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.20941251516342163}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7832606434822083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777842544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9056","display_name":"Czech","level":2,"score":0.7132624983787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.6391404271125793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154775046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188","display_name":"German","level":2,"score":0.6384899616241455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.5982666015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780560020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79719","display_name":"License","level":2,"score":0.5866248607635498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.574452817440033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103088060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062839","display_name":"Error detection and correction","level":2,"score":0.5690646767616272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5404845476150513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97256817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1462316","display_name":"Spurious relationship","level":2,"score":0.46711453795433044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.32501721382141113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.23791640996932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.22404581308364868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.20941251516342163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/d19-5545","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d19-5545","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/D19-5545.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Noisy User-generated Text (W-NUT 2019)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1910.00353","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1910.00353","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1910.00353","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:2977890251","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1910.00353v3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:biblio.ufal.mff.cuni.cz:4241115117001827117","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11346/BIBLIO@id=4241115117001827117","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401077","display_name":"Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics (\u00daFAL)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1910.00353","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1910.00353","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/d19-5545","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d19-5545","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/D19-5545.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Noisy User-generated Text (W-NUT 2019)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5641063287","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CZ.02.1.01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321005","funder_display_name":"Ministerstvo \u0160kolstv\u00ed, Ml\u00e1de\u017ee a T\u011blov\u00fdchovy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8645320550","display_name":"Language Research Infrastructure in the Czech Republic","funder_award_id":"LM2015071","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321005","funder_display_name":"Ministerstvo \u0160kolstv\u00ed, Ml\u00e1de\u017ee a T\u011blov\u00fdchovy"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309755","display_name":"Univerzita Karlova v Praze","ror":"https://ror.org/024d6js02"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321005","display_name":"Ministerstvo \u0160kolstv\u00ed, Ml\u00e1de\u017ee a T\u011blov\u00fdchovy","ror":"https://ror.org/037n8p820"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338370","display_name":"FP7 Information and Communication Technologies","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2977890251.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2977890251.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W43022990","https://openalex.org/W73451139","https://openalex.org/W1721115786","https://openalex.org/W2098297786","https://openalex.org/W2124725212","https://openalex.org/W2125616599","https://openalex.org/W2144950812","https://openalex.org/W2153013403","https://openalex.org/W2170527467","https://openalex.org/W2250556098","https://openalex.org/W2250735309","https://openalex.org/W2251799008","https://openalex.org/W2251930319","https://openalex.org/W2251944986","https://openalex.org/W2315316408","https://openalex.org/W2578366188","https://openalex.org/W2589277916","https://openalex.org/W2617685061","https://openalex.org/W2741494657","https://openalex.org/W2760656271","https://openalex.org/W2797328513","https://openalex.org/W2805583812","https://openalex.org/W2913917571","https://openalex.org/W2920117846","https://openalex.org/W2928406799","https://openalex.org/W2936597270","https://openalex.org/W2946926542","https://openalex.org/W2948335087","https://openalex.org/W2963403868","https://openalex.org/W2964258094","https://openalex.org/W2970076840","https://openalex.org/W2970868759","https://openalex.org/W2970890847","https://openalex.org/W2970950209","https://openalex.org/W2971319154","https://openalex.org/W3006623949","https://openalex.org/W3211233143"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2986388218","https://openalex.org/W3037002737","https://openalex.org/W3113952093","https://openalex.org/W3156646638","https://openalex.org/W2963569981","https://openalex.org/W2997636815","https://openalex.org/W2971124360","https://openalex.org/W2963975242","https://openalex.org/W2972834553","https://openalex.org/W2252086315","https://openalex.org/W2741494657","https://openalex.org/W3118041246","https://openalex.org/W2251927615","https://openalex.org/W2901040818","https://openalex.org/W3035010485","https://openalex.org/W3175441946","https://openalex.org/W2950531626","https://openalex.org/W2988390689","https://openalex.org/W2970153561","https://openalex.org/W2415893189"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Grammatical":[0],"error":[1,25,41],"correction":[2,26,42],"in":[3],"English":[4],"is":[5],"a":[6,21,35],"long":[7],"studied":[8],"problem":[9],"with":[10],"many":[11],"existing":[12],"systems":[13],"and":[14,52,54],"datasets.":[15,74],"However,":[16],"there":[17],"has":[18],"been":[19],"only":[20],"limited":[22],"research":[23],"on":[24,39,49,72],"of":[27],"other":[28],"languages.":[29],"In":[30],"this":[31],"paper,":[32],"we":[33],"present":[34],"new":[36,69],"dataset":[37],"AKCES-GEC":[38],"grammatical":[40],"for":[43],"Czech.":[44],"We":[45],"then":[46],"make":[47],"experiments":[48],"Czech,":[50],"German":[51],"Russian":[53],"show":[55],"that":[56],"when":[57],"utilizing":[58],"synthetic":[59],"parallel":[60],"corpus,":[61],"Transformer":[62],"neural":[63],"machine":[64],"translation":[65],"model":[66],"can":[67],"reach":[68],"state-of-the-art":[70],"results":[71],"these":[73]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}