{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2970023150","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d19-1261","title":"Answering Complex Open-domain Questions Through Iterative Query Generation","display_name":"Answering Complex Open-domain Questions Through Iterative Query Generation","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2970023150","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d19-1261","mag":"2970023150"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/d19-1261","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d19-1261","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/D19-1261.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and the 9th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP-IJCNLP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/D19-1261.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101682275","display_name":"Peng Qi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7747-3293"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156583","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris-Nord","ror":"https://ror.org/05g1zjw44","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210091279","https://openalex.org/I4210156583","https://openalex.org/I4210159245"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["FR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department  Symbolic Systems Program Stanford University","Computer Science Department \u2021 Symbolic Systems Program Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department  Symbolic Systems Program Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department \u2021 Symbolic Systems Program Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004","https://openalex.org/I4210156583"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080377333","display_name":"Xiaowen Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156583","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris-Nord","ror":"https://ror.org/05g1zjw44","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210091279","https://openalex.org/I4210156583","https://openalex.org/I4210159245"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["FR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaowen Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department  Symbolic Systems Program Stanford University","Computer Science Department \u2021 Symbolic Systems Program Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department  Symbolic Systems Program Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department \u2021 Symbolic Systems Program Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004","https://openalex.org/I4210156583"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035452115","display_name":"Leo Mehr","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156583","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris-Nord","ror":"https://ror.org/05g1zjw44","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210091279","https://openalex.org/I4210156583","https://openalex.org/I4210159245"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["FR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leo Mehr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department  Symbolic Systems Program Stanford University","Computer Science Department \u2021 Symbolic Systems Program Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department  Symbolic Systems Program Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department \u2021 Symbolic Systems Program Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004","https://openalex.org/I4210156583"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100371711","display_name":"Zijian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9847-9691"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102430","display_name":"Armada (Poland)","ror":"https://ror.org/012hfzv58","country_code":"PL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210102430"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zijian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Armada Armada Centre Halley Armada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Armada Armada Centre Halley Armada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102430"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046006076","display_name":"Christopher D. Manning","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6155-649X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156583","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris-Nord","ror":"https://ror.org/05g1zjw44","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210091279","https://openalex.org/I4210156583","https://openalex.org/I4210159245"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["FR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher D. Manning","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department  Symbolic Systems Program Stanford University","Computer Science Department \u2021 Symbolic Systems Program Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department  Symbolic Systems Program Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department \u2021 Symbolic Systems Program Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004","https://openalex.org/I4210156583"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":107,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2590","last_page":"2602"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.762018084526062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-answering","display_name":"Question answering","score":0.5788701772689819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-domain","display_name":"Open domain","score":0.5349726676940918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5217129588127136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.4698105454444885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.4557880461215973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.44233864545822144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.43646231293678284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.39768093824386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3226170539855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09104317426681519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08810484409332275}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.762018084526062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.5788701772689819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993776861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Open domain","level":3,"score":0.5349726676940918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5217129588127136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.4698105454444885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4557880461215973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.44233864545822144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.43646231293678284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39768093824386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3226170539855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09104317426681519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08810484409332275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/d19-1261","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d19-1261","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/D19-1261.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and the 9th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP-IJCNLP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/d19-1261","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d19-1261","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/D19-1261.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and the 9th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP-IJCNLP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8399999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332195","display_name":"Samsung","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2970023150.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2970023150.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1482214997","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W2116938310","https://openalex.org/W2123442489","https://openalex.org/W2155027007","https://openalex.org/W2472043752","https://openalex.org/W2617128460","https://openalex.org/W2621525845","https://openalex.org/W2889181558","https://openalex.org/W2889787757","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2907822478","https://openalex.org/W2937036051","https://openalex.org/W2942128719","https://openalex.org/W2949134692","https://openalex.org/W2949428332","https://openalex.org/W2952484617","https://openalex.org/W2953163841","https://openalex.org/W2962718483","https://openalex.org/W2962865973","https://openalex.org/W2962922117","https://openalex.org/W2962985038","https://openalex.org/W2963024727","https://openalex.org/W2963323070","https://openalex.org/W2963339397","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2963609889","https://openalex.org/W2963662654","https://openalex.org/W2963748441","https://openalex.org/W2963866616","https://openalex.org/W2964120615","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W3104916409","https://openalex.org/W3105979796"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4309395021","https://openalex.org/W2559338413","https://openalex.org/W207304934","https://openalex.org/W2368388617","https://openalex.org/W2072096098","https://openalex.org/W2382537163","https://openalex.org/W2999712133","https://openalex.org/W2119739007","https://openalex.org/W3215623572","https://openalex.org/W4280508733"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Peng":[0],"Qi,":[1],"Xiaowen":[2],"Lin,":[3],"Leo":[4],"Mehr,":[5],"Zijian":[6],"Wang,":[7],"Christopher":[8],"D.":[9],"Manning.":[10],"Proceedings":[11],"of":[12],"the":[13,24],"2019":[14],"Conference":[15,28],"on":[16,29],"Empirical":[17],"Methods":[18],"in":[19],"Natural":[20,30],"Language":[21,31],"Processing":[22,32],"and":[23],"9th":[25],"International":[26],"Joint":[27],"(EMNLP-IJCNLP).":[33],"2019.":[34]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
