{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2743229121","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d17-1148","title":"Neural Machine Translation Leveraging Phrase-based Models in a Hybrid Search","display_name":"Neural Machine Translation Leveraging Phrase-based Models in a Hybrid Search","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2743229121","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d17-1148","mag":"2743229121"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/d17-1148","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d17-1148","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/D17-1148.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2017 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural\n          Language Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/D17-1148.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054692116","display_name":"Leonard Dahlmann","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321826891","display_name":"eBay (Ireland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02b00s810","country_code":"IE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321826891","https://openalex.org/I4210150719"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Leonard Dahlmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["eBay Inc. Kasernenstr. 25 52064 Aachen, Germany","eBay (Ireland), Dublin, Ireland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"eBay Inc. Kasernenstr. 25 52064 Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"eBay (Ireland), Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321826891"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055441775","display_name":"Evgeny Matusov","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321826891","display_name":"eBay (Ireland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02b00s810","country_code":"IE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321826891","https://openalex.org/I4210150719"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Evgeny Matusov","raw_affiliation_strings":["eBay Inc. Kasernenstr. 25 52064 Aachen, Germany","eBay (Ireland), Dublin, Ireland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"eBay Inc. Kasernenstr. 25 52064 Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"eBay (Ireland), Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321826891"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064088992","display_name":"Pavel Petrushkov","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321826891","display_name":"eBay (Ireland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02b00s810","country_code":"IE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321826891","https://openalex.org/I4210150719"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pavel Petrushkov","raw_affiliation_strings":["eBay Inc. Kasernenstr. 25 52064 Aachen, Germany","eBay (Ireland), Dublin, Ireland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"eBay Inc. Kasernenstr. 25 52064 Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"eBay (Ireland), Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321826891"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047428600","display_name":"Shahram Khadivi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5499-6542"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321826891","display_name":"eBay (Ireland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02b00s810","country_code":"IE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321826891","https://openalex.org/I4210150719"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahram Khadivi","raw_affiliation_strings":["eBay Inc. Kasernenstr. 25 52064 Aachen, Germany","eBay (Ireland), Dublin, Ireland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"eBay Inc. Kasernenstr. 25 52064 Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"eBay (Ireland), Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321826891"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054692116"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321826891"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.077,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90212541,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1411","last_page":"1420"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phrase","display_name":"Phrase","score":0.8927003145217896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.844589114189148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7903982400894165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6753655672073364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6583559513092041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phrase-search","display_name":"Phrase search","score":0.5347451567649841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translation","display_name":"Translation (biology)","score":0.5171739459037781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evaluation-of-machine-translation","display_name":"Evaluation of machine translation","score":0.4606132507324219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/example-based-machine-translation","display_name":"Example-based machine translation","score":0.4404144883155823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.4300903081893921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.36321359872817993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation-software-usability","display_name":"Machine translation software usability","score":0.25941208004951477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.11482718586921692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine","display_name":"Search engine","score":0.09799882769584656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07712391018867493}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776224158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187931","display_name":"Phrase","level":2,"score":0.8927003145217896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.844589114189148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7903982400894165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6753655672073364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6583559513092041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37202355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7188071","display_name":"Phrase search","level":5,"score":0.5347451567649841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149364088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917","display_name":"Translation (biology)","level":4,"score":0.5171739459037781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135784402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6958279","display_name":"Evaluation of machine translation","level":5,"score":0.4606132507324219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24687705","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3753284","display_name":"Example-based machine translation","level":3,"score":0.4404144883155823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4300903081893921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.36321359872817993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148526163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6723733","display_name":"Machine translation software usability","level":4,"score":0.25941208004951477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.11482718586921692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97854310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19541","display_name":"Search engine","level":2,"score":0.09799882769584656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07712391018867493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14838553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7441639","display_name":"Search analytics","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164120249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q995982","display_name":"Web search query","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105580179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188928","display_name":"Messenger RNA","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/d17-1148","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d17-1148","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/D17-1148.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2017 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural\n          Language Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1708.03271","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1708.03271","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1708.03271","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2743229121","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1708.03271.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1708.03271","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1708.03271","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/d17-1148","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/d17-1148","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/D17-1148.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2017 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural\n          Language Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5799999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2743229121.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2743229121.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W2100664567","https://openalex.org/W2124807415","https://openalex.org/W2133564696","https://openalex.org/W2146574666","https://openalex.org/W2154124206","https://openalex.org/W2250831586","https://openalex.org/W2251682575","https://openalex.org/W2400065810","https://openalex.org/W2408504891","https://openalex.org/W2410217169","https://openalex.org/W2410539690","https://openalex.org/W2413436069","https://openalex.org/W2525778437","https://openalex.org/W2566564022","https://openalex.org/W2566623769","https://openalex.org/W2962784628","https://openalex.org/W2963216553","https://openalex.org/W2963266340"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2964334713","https://openalex.org/W2982713930","https://openalex.org/W2962945603","https://openalex.org/W3014118885","https://openalex.org/W2803258077","https://openalex.org/W3122970623","https://openalex.org/W3091924465","https://openalex.org/W3211259717","https://openalex.org/W2613044683","https://openalex.org/W2407166119","https://openalex.org/W2962700074","https://openalex.org/W2758137671","https://openalex.org/W2972060578","https://openalex.org/W2901019676","https://openalex.org/W2962708992","https://openalex.org/W2740743644","https://openalex.org/W2963661253","https://openalex.org/W3087016207","https://openalex.org/W2755806193","https://openalex.org/W2983669550"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,44,49],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"introduce":[4],"a":[5,23,67,103],"hybrid":[6],"search":[7,29,90],"for":[8],"attention-based":[9],"neural":[10],"machine":[11],"translation":[12,64,81],"(NMT).":[13],"A":[14],"target":[15,68],"phrase":[16],"learned":[17],"with":[18,53,59],"statistical":[19],"MT":[20,92],"models":[21,87],"extends":[22],"hypothesis":[24],"in":[25,48,88],"the":[26,31,34,39,54],"NMT":[27,35,55,89,105],"beam":[28],"when":[30],"attention":[32],"of":[33],"model":[36],"focuses":[37],"on":[38,73],"source":[40],"words":[41],"translated":[42],"by":[43,94],"phrase.":[45],"Phrases":[46],"added":[47],"way":[50],"are":[51],"scored":[52],"model,":[56],"but":[57],"also":[58],"SMT":[60],"features":[61],"including":[62],"phrase-level":[63],"probabilities":[65],"and":[66,77],"language":[69],"model.":[70],"Experimental":[71],"results":[72],"GermanEnglish":[74],"news":[75],"domain":[76,80],"EnglishRussian":[78],"ecommerce":[79],"tasks":[82],"show":[83],"that":[84],"using":[85],"phrase-based":[86],"improves":[91],"quality":[93],"up":[95],"to":[96,102],"2.3%":[97],"BLEU":[98],"absolute":[99],"as":[100],"compared":[101],"strong":[104],"baseline.":[106]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}