{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7166880646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.acl-long.331","title":"Beyond Timestamps: Bridging Forward and Backward Reasoning in Temporal Numerical and Relational Understanding","display_name":"Beyond Timestamps: Bridging Forward and Backward Reasoning in Temporal Numerical and Relational Understanding","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7166880646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.acl-long.331"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2026.acl-long.331","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.acl-long.331","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2026.acl-long.331.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2026.acl-long.331.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139815429","display_name":"Xinying Qian","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinying Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139735409","display_name":"Ying Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039273423","display_name":"Xuhui Sui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5386-9912"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuhui Sui","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139745350","display_name":"Yu Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139852984","display_name":"Baohang Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baohang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139849912","display_name":"Jeff Z. Pan","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeff Z. Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91814461,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"7301","last_page":"7321"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10656","display_name":"Child and Animal Learning Development","score":0.26750001311302185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10656","display_name":"Child and Animal Learning Development","score":0.26750001311302185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10315","display_name":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","score":0.09809999912977219,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1800","display_name":"General Decision Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11883","display_name":"Embodied and Extended Cognition","score":0.0746999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bridging","display_name":"Bridging (networking)","score":0.6784999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-monotonic-logic","display_name":"Non-monotonic logic","score":0.2870999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.2800999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equivalence","display_name":"Equivalence (formal languages)","score":0.24040000140666962}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174348530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188635","display_name":"Bridging (networking)","level":2,"score":0.6784999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5701000094413757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4074999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3398999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3188000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159032336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2488768","display_name":"Non-monotonic logic","level":2,"score":0.2870999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.2800999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2782999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.24500000476837158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780069185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7977945","display_name":"Equivalence (formal languages)","level":2,"score":0.24040000140666962}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2026.acl-long.331","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.acl-long.331","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2026.acl-long.331.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2026.acl-long.331","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.acl-long.331","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2026.acl-long.331.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1950476548","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62302243","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5625188348","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62272250","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7756913708","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"22JCJQJC00150","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323993","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323021","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323993","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7166880646.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7166880646.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Temporal":[0,68],"reasoning":[1,49,110],"remains":[2],"a":[3,62,74,102,116],"critical":[4],"challenge":[5],"for":[6],"large":[7],"language":[8],"models":[9],"(LLMs),":[10],"particularly":[11,128],"when":[12],"it":[13,40],"requires":[14],"encompassing":[15],"relational":[16],"dependencies":[17],"and":[18,32,70,86,98,125,131,147],"numerical":[19,130],"constraints.Yet,":[20],"existing":[21],"benchmarks":[22],"largely":[23],"overlook":[24],"the":[25,94,107],"joint":[26],"consideration":[27],"of":[28,79,109,118],"these":[29,57,112,140],"two":[30,113],"dimensions":[31],"primarily":[33],"rely":[34],"on":[35,115],"single-task":[36,162],"evaluation":[37,76],"paradigms,":[38],"making":[39],"difficult":[41],"to":[42,65,105],"assess":[43],"whether":[44],"correct":[45],"answers":[46],"reflect":[47],"grounded":[48,152],"or":[50],"arise":[51],"from":[52,144],"superficial":[53],"statistical":[54,148],"recall.To":[55],"address":[56],"gaps,":[58],"we":[59,100],"introduce":[60,101],"TNR,":[61],"benchmark":[63],"designed":[64],"evaluate":[66],"both":[67],"Numerical":[69],"Relational":[71],"reasoning.We":[72],"propose":[73],"bi-directional":[75,135],"framework":[77],"consisting":[78],"forward":[80],"generation":[81],"via":[82,89],"Question":[83],"Answering":[84],"(QA)":[85],"backward":[87],"verification":[88],"Fact":[90],"Verification":[91],"(FV).By":[92],"measuring":[93],"alignment":[95],"between":[96,123],"QA":[97,124],"FV,":[99],"Consistency":[103],"Rate":[104],"quantify":[106],"robustness":[108],"across":[111],"directions.Experiments":[114],"range":[117],"LLMs":[119],"reveal":[120],"notable":[121],"discrepancies":[122],"FV":[126],"performance,":[127],"in":[129,160],"interval-based":[132],"tasks.Moreover,":[133],"our":[134],"error":[136],"analysis":[137],"demonstrates":[138],"that":[139,156],"inconsistencies":[141],"often":[142],"stem":[143],"heuristic":[145],"shortcuts":[146],"co-occurrences":[149],"rather":[150],"than":[151],"logical":[153],"deduction,":[154],"flaws":[155],"are":[157],"frequently":[158],"masked":[159],"standard":[161],"evaluations.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2026-07-02T00:00:00"}
