{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7166811983","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.acl-long.270","title":"Lying with Truths: Open-Channel Multi-Agent Collusion for Belief Manipulation via Generative Montage","display_name":"Lying with Truths: Open-Channel Multi-Agent Collusion for Belief Manipulation via Generative Montage","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7166811983","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.acl-long.270"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2026.acl-long.270","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.acl-long.270","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.acl-long.270","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139805758","display_name":"Jinwei Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinwei Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122197600","display_name":"Xinmiao Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinmiao Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139742449","display_name":"Youcheng Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youcheng Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139788098","display_name":"Yi Dong","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139817877","display_name":"Xiaowei Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaowei Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80186722,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"5979","last_page":"5996"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.16760000586509705,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.16760000586509705,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.15780000388622284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.07919999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lying","display_name":"Lying","score":0.5737000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collusion","display_name":"Collusion","score":0.5577999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.4562999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-model","display_name":"Generative model","score":0.3418999910354614}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119421448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2268776","display_name":"Lying","level":2,"score":0.5737000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781198186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q701521","display_name":"Collusion","level":2,"score":0.5577999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5202000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48339998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.4562999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.3418999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.31630000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2856999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.2549000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.2409999966621399}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2026.acl-long.270","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.acl-long.270","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2601.01685","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.01685","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2601.01685","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2026.acl-long.270","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.acl-long.270","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"large":[1],"language":[2],"models":[3,127,141,148],"(LLMs)":[4],"transition":[5],"to":[6,84,157],"autonomous":[7],"agents":[8,28,172],"synthesizing":[9],"real-time":[10],"information,":[11],"their":[12],"reasoning":[13,135],"capabilities":[14,136],"introduce":[15],"an":[16],"unexpected":[17],"attack":[18,61,120,144],"surface.":[19],"This":[20],"paper":[21],"introduces":[22],"a":[23,66,97,166],"novel":[24],"threat":[25],"where":[26],"colluding":[27],"steer":[29],"victim":[30],"beliefs":[31,154],"using":[32],"only":[33],"truthful":[34],"evidence":[35,80],"fragments":[36],"distributed":[37],"through":[38,73],"public":[39],"channels,":[40],"without":[41],"relying":[42],"on":[43],"covert":[44],"communications,":[45],"backdoors,":[46],"or":[47,149],"falsified":[48],"documents.":[49],"By":[50],"exploiting":[51],"LLMs'":[52],"overthinking":[53],"tendency,":[54],"we":[55,94],"formalize":[56],"the":[57],"first":[58],"cognitive":[59],"collusion":[60],"and":[62,76,86,104,128,180],"propose":[63],"Generative":[64],"Montage:":[65],"Writer-Editor-Director":[67],"framework":[68],"that":[69],"constructs":[70],"deceptive":[71],"narratives":[72],"adversarial":[74],"debate":[75],"coordinated":[77],"posting":[78],"of":[79],"fragments,":[81],"causing":[82],"victims":[83],"internalize":[85],"propagate":[87],"fabricated":[88],"conclusions.":[89],"To":[90],"study":[91],"this":[92],"risk,":[93],"develop":[95],"CoPHEME,":[96],"dataset":[98],"derived":[99],"from":[100],"real-world":[101],"rumor":[102],"events,":[103],"simulate":[105],"attacks":[106],"across":[107,116],"diverse":[108],"LLM":[109,118],"families.":[110],"Our":[111,178],"results":[112],"show":[113],"pervasive":[114],"vulnerability":[115,168],"14":[117],"families:":[119],"success":[121,145],"rates":[122],"reach":[123],"74.4%":[124],"for":[125,130],"proprietary":[126],"70.6%":[129],"open-weights":[131],"models.":[132],"Counterintuitively,":[133],"stronger":[134],"increase":[137],"susceptibility,":[138],"with":[139,174],"reasoning-specialized":[140],"showing":[142],"higher":[143],"than":[146],"base":[147],"prompts.":[150],"Furthermore,":[151],"these":[152],"false":[153],"then":[155],"cascade":[156],"downstream":[158],"judges,":[159],"achieving":[160],"over":[161],"60%":[162],"deception":[163],"rates,":[164],"highlighting":[165],"socio-technical":[167],"in":[169],"how":[170],"LLM-based":[171],"interact":[173],"dynamic":[175],"information":[176],"environments.":[177],"implementation":[179],"data":[181],"are":[182],"available":[183],"at:":[184],"https://github.com/CharlesJW222/Lying_with_Truth/tree/main.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2026-07-02T00:00:00"}