{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412888918","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2025.findings-acl.8","title":"GOLFer: Smaller LMs-Generated Documents Hallucination Filter &amp; Combiner for Query Expansion in Information Retrieval","display_name":"GOLFer: Smaller LMs-Generated Documents Hallucination Filter &amp; Combiner for Query Expansion in Information Retrieval","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412888918","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2025.findings-acl.8"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2025.findings-acl.8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2025.findings-acl.8","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2025.findings-acl.8.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2025","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2025.findings-acl.8.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009327148","display_name":"Lingyuan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9777-4550"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingyuan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["City University of Hong Kong The University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"City University of Hong Kong The University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109763087","display_name":"Mengxiang Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengxiang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["City University of Hong Kong The University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"City University of Hong Kong The University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.08636005,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"153","last_page":"162"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.8824999928474426,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.8824999928474426,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.8765000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.8233000040054321,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/query-expansion","display_name":"Query expansion","score":0.7970821261405945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7275471091270447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.6498171091079712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.4571599066257477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34020301699638367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3223901391029358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.2614530324935913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99016210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5488129","display_name":"Query expansion","level":2,"score":0.7970821261405945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7275471091270447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.6498171091079712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4571599066257477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34020301699638367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3223901391029358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.2614530324935913}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2025.findings-acl.8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2025.findings-acl.8","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2025.findings-acl.8.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2025","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/e249654d-1d86-4e1b-9de9-6aac0b31bbc0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2031/e249654d-1d86-4e1b-9de9-6aac0b31bbc0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055387","display_name":"CityU Scholars","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Liu, L & Zhang, M 2025, GOLFer : Smaller LM-Generated Documents Hallucination Filter & Combiner for Query Expansion in Information Retrieval. in W Che, J Nabende, E Shutova & M T Pilehvar (eds), Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics : ACL 2025. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 153-162, 63rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL 2025), Vienna, Austria, 27/07/25. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2025.findings-acl.8","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2025.findings-acl.8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2025.findings-acl.8","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2025.findings-acl.8.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2025","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412888918.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412888918.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3001245047","https://openalex.org/W1873153460","https://openalex.org/W850316024","https://openalex.org/W2170059263","https://openalex.org/W2044231962","https://openalex.org/W2945915803","https://openalex.org/W2969770061","https://openalex.org/W301348785","https://openalex.org/W2117230983","https://openalex.org/W4390861283"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Large":[0],"language":[1,26],"models":[2,27],"(LLMs)-based":[3],"query":[4,65,103,117],"expansion":[5,118],"for":[6,64,152],"information":[7],"retrieval":[8],"augments":[9],"queries":[10],"with":[11,15,91,101],"generated":[12,86],"hypothetical":[13],"documents":[14,75],"LLMs.However,":[16],"its":[17,149],"performance":[18,142],"relies":[19],"heavily":[20],"on":[21,120],"the":[22,25,95,98,102],"scale":[23],"of":[24],"(LMs),":[28],"necessitating":[29],"larger,":[30],"more":[31],"advanced":[32],"LLMs.This":[33],"approach":[34],"is":[35,155],"costly,":[36],"computationally":[37],"intensive,":[38],"and":[39,73,79,82,124,139],"often":[40],"has":[41],"limited":[42],"accessibility.To":[43],"address":[44],"these":[45],"limitations,":[46],"we":[47],"introduce":[48],"GOLFer":[49,113,131],"-Smaller":[50],"LMs-Generated":[51],"Documents":[52],"Hallucination":[53],"Filter":[54],"&":[55],"Combiner":[56],"-a":[57],"novel":[58],"method":[59,154],"leveraging":[60],"smaller":[61,92,137],"opensource":[62],"LMs":[63],"expansion.GOLFer":[66],"comprises":[67],"two":[68],"modules:":[69],"a":[70,74,88,105],"hallucination":[71],"filter":[72],"combiner.The":[76],"former":[77],"detects":[78],"removes":[80],"non-factual":[81],"inconsistent":[83],"sentences":[84],"in":[85],"documents,":[87],"common":[89],"issue":[90],"LMs,":[93,138],"while":[94],"latter":[96],"combines":[97],"filtered":[99],"content":[100],"using":[104,136,145],"weight":[106],"vector":[107],"to":[108],"balance":[109],"their":[110],"influence.We":[111],"evaluate":[112],"alongside":[114],"dominant":[115],"LLMbased":[116],"methods":[119,135,144],"three":[121],"web":[122],"search":[123],"ten":[125],"low-resource":[126],"datasets.Experimental":[127],"results":[128],"demonstrate":[129],"that":[130],"consistently":[132],"outperforms":[133],"other":[134],"maintains":[140],"competitive":[141],"against":[143],"large-size":[146],"LLMs,":[147],"demonstrating":[148],"effectiveness.The":[150],"code":[151],"our":[153],"publicly":[156],"available":[157],"at":[158],"https://github.com/liuliuyuan6/GOLFer.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
