{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412888754","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2025.findings-acl.195","title":"Unveiling Confirmation Bias in Chain-of-Thought Reasoning","display_name":"Unveiling Confirmation Bias in Chain-of-Thought Reasoning","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412888754","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2025.findings-acl.195"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2025.findings-acl.195","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2025.findings-acl.195","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2025.findings-acl.195.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2025","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2025.findings-acl.195.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080995733","display_name":"Wan Yue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4170-8614"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Wan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pittsburgh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001280114","display_name":"Xiaowei Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1093-9615"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaowei Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pittsburgh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034858125","display_name":"Xiang Lorraine Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Lorraine Li","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3788","last_page":"3804"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.7357000112533569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.7357000112533569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.7328000068664551,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.7239000201225281,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5295960307121277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chain","display_name":"Chain (unit)","score":0.43216121196746826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confirmation-bias","display_name":"Confirmation bias","score":0.42653292417526245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science","display_name":"Cognitive science","score":0.3632667660713196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.3352097272872925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.32102417945861816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.2869926691055298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.16437870264053345}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5295960307121277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199185054","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q552299","display_name":"Chain (unit)","level":2,"score":0.43216121196746826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79585631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431498","display_name":"Confirmation bias","level":2,"score":0.42653292417526245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.3632667660713196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.3352097272872925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.32102417945861816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2869926691055298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.16437870264053345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2025.findings-acl.195","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2025.findings-acl.195","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2025.findings-acl.195.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2025","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2025.findings-acl.195","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2025.findings-acl.195","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2025.findings-acl.195.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2025","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.4099999964237213,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412888754.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412888754.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2742360428","https://openalex.org/W2060570504","https://openalex.org/W4320830217","https://openalex.org/W2372223953","https://openalex.org/W2897181898","https://openalex.org/W2624761605","https://openalex.org/W2035101851","https://openalex.org/W2383238584","https://openalex.org/W2382439775","https://openalex.org/W2050911281"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Chain-of-thought":[0],"(CoT)":[1],"prompting":[2,157],"has":[3],"been":[4],"widely":[5],"adopted":[6],"to":[7,35,127,163],"enhance":[8,164],"the":[9,17,40,109,122,131,153],"reasoning":[10,21,28,61,110,142,165],"capabilities":[11],"of":[12,19,42,97,133,155],"large":[13],"language":[14],"models":[15],"(LLMs).However,":[16],"effectiveness":[18,140],"CoT":[20,37,74,139],"is":[22,167],"inconsistent":[23],"across":[24,141],"tasks":[25,143],"with":[26],"different":[27],"types.This":[29],"work":[30],"presents":[31],"a":[32,76,81,149],"novel":[33],"perspective":[34],"understand":[36],"behavior":[38],"through":[39],"lens":[41],"confirmation":[43,98,128,161],"bias":[44,99,129,162],"in":[45,71,85,100],"cognitive":[46],"psychology.Specifically,":[47],"we":[48,79],"examine":[49],"how":[50,115],"model":[51,86,104],"internal":[52],"beliefs,":[53,87],"approximated":[54],"by":[55],"direct":[56],"questionanswering":[57],"probabilities,":[58],"affect":[59],"both":[60],"generation":[62],"(Q":[63],"R)":[64],"and":[65,90,130,144],"reasoning-guided":[66],"answer":[67,120],"prediction":[68],"(QR":[69],"A)":[70],"CoT.By":[72],"decomposing":[73],"into":[75],"two-stage":[77],"process,":[78],"conduct":[80],"thorough":[82],"correlation":[83],"analysis":[84],"rationale":[88],"attributes,":[89],"stage-wise":[91],"performance.Our":[92],"results":[93],"provide":[94],"strong":[95],"evidence":[96],"LLMs,":[101],"such":[102],"that":[103,159],"beliefs":[105,134],"not":[106],"only":[107],"skew":[108],"process":[111],"but":[112],"also":[113,135],"influence":[114],"rationales":[116],"are":[117],"utilized":[118],"for":[119,138,152],"prediction.Furthermore,":[121],"interplay":[123],"between":[124],"task":[125],"vulnerability":[126],"strength":[132],"provides":[136,148],"explanations":[137],"models.Overall,":[145],"this":[146],"study":[147],"valuable":[150],"insight":[151],"needs":[154],"better":[156],"strategies":[158],"mitigate":[160],"performance.Code":[166],"available":[168],"at":[169],"https://github.com/yuewan2/biasedcot.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}