{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411639645","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.eacl-short.4","title":"Mitigating Hallucinations and Off-target Machine Translation with Source-Contrastive and Language-Contrastive Decoding","display_name":"Mitigating Hallucinations and Off-target Machine Translation with Source-Contrastive and Language-Contrastive Decoding","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411639645","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.eacl-short.4"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2024.eacl-short.4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.eacl-short.4","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2024.eacl-short.4.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 18th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 2: Short Papers)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2024.eacl-short.4.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005771535","display_name":"Rico Sennrich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1438-4741"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rico Sennrich","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072479104","display_name":"Jannis Vamvas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1821-1837"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jannis Vamvas","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003287416","display_name":"Alireza Mohammadshahi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alireza Mohammadshahi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2047,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93010534,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"21","last_page":"33"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10211","display_name":"Computational Drug Discovery Methods","score":0.8392999768257141,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10211","display_name":"Computational Drug Discovery Methods","score":0.8392999768257141,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13095","display_name":"Plant-based Medicinal Research","score":0.7872999906539917,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10094","display_name":"Epilepsy research and treatment","score":0.755299985408783,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.7600740790367126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7331386804580688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.7204540967941284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5929359197616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5314040780067444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translation","display_name":"Translation (biology)","score":0.5140143632888794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrastive-analysis","display_name":"Contrastive analysis","score":0.44267556071281433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.41748344898223877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.39254897832870483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.1640244424343109}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.7600740790367126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7331386804580688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.7204540967941284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5929359197616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5314040780067444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149364088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917","display_name":"Translation (biology)","level":4,"score":0.5140143632888794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777629044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q614959","display_name":"Contrastive analysis","level":2,"score":0.44267556071281433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.41748344898223877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.39254897832870483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.1640244424343109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105580179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188928","display_name":"Messenger RNA","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2024.eacl-short.4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.eacl-short.4","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2024.eacl-short.4.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 18th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 2: Short Papers)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2024.eacl-short.4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.eacl-short.4","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2024.eacl-short.4.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 18th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 2: Short Papers)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6575747830","display_name":"Multitask Learning with Multilingual Resources for Better Natural Language Understanding","funder_award_id":"213976","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/00yjd3n13"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411639645.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411639645.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3011059803","https://openalex.org/W2161474341","https://openalex.org/W2368997734","https://openalex.org/W4302615923","https://openalex.org/W3203142394","https://openalex.org/W2351061015","https://openalex.org/W3151736118","https://openalex.org/W4220731478","https://openalex.org/W2883671469","https://openalex.org/W2728761353"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hallucinations":[0],"and":[1,13,87,95,112],"off-target":[2,96,143],"translation":[3,47,68,127],"remain":[4],"unsolved":[5],"problems":[6],"in":[7],"MT,":[8],"especially":[9],"for":[10,45,66],"lowresource":[11],"languages":[12],"massively":[14,82],"multilingual":[15,83],"models.In":[16,40],"this":[17],"paper,":[18],"we":[19,43,64,136,140],"introduce":[20],"two":[21],"related":[22],"methods":[23,92],"to":[24],"mitigate":[25],"these":[26,91],"failure":[27],"cases":[28],"with":[29,103,117,145],"a":[30,46,58,67,129],"modified":[31],"decoding":[32],"objective,":[33],"without":[34],"either":[35],"requiring":[36],"retraining":[37],"or":[38],"external":[39],"source-contrastive":[41],"decoding,":[42,63],"search":[44,65],"that":[48,69,90,139],"is":[49,70],"probable":[50],"given":[51,57,74],"the":[52,75,81,99,113],"correct":[53],"input,":[54],"but":[55,72],"improbable":[56,73],"random":[59],"input":[60],"segment.In":[61],"language-contrastive":[62],"probable,":[71],"wrong":[76],"language":[77,147],"indicator":[78],"token.Experiments":[79],"on":[80,110,122,133],"models":[84],"M2M-100":[85],"(418M)":[86],"SMaLL-100":[88],"show":[89,138],"suppress":[93,142],"hallucinations":[94,119],"translations,":[97],"reducing":[98],"number":[100,114],"of":[101,115,131],"translations":[102,116,144],"segment-level":[104],"chrF2":[105],"below":[106],"10":[107],"by":[108,120],"67-83%":[109],"average,":[111,123],"oscillatory":[118],"75-92%":[121],"across":[124],"57":[125],"tested":[126],"directions.In":[128],"proof":[130],"concept":[132],"out-of-English":[134],"translation,":[135],"also":[137],"can":[141],"large":[146],"models.We":[148],"release":[149],"our":[150],"source":[151],"code.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}