{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3183679143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.mwe-1.1","title":"A Long Hard Look at MWEs in the Age of Language Models","display_name":"A Long Hard Look at MWEs in the Age of Language Models","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3183679143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.mwe-1.1","mag":"3183679143"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2021.mwe-1.1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.mwe-1.1","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2021.mwe-1.1.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 17th Workshop on Multiword Expressions (MWE 2021)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-abstract","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2021.mwe-1.1.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006531172","display_name":"Vered Shwartz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1151-4379"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140341","display_name":"Allen Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03cpe7c52","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140341"]}],"countries":["CA","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vered Shwartz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Allen Institute for AI","University of British Columbia","University of Washington"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Allen Institute for AI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140341"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of British Columbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006531172"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I201448701","https://openalex.org/I4210140341"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9365000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9365000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8172915577888489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6687403917312622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6528835892677307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meaning","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","score":0.6375503540039062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6199848055839539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5712637901306152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.4921714663505554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.44875583052635193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history","display_name":"History","score":0.06767037510871887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.06551781296730042}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8172915577888489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6687403917312622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6528835892677307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.6375503540039062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6199848055839539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5712637901306152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.4921714663505554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.44875583052635193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.06767037510871887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.06551781296730042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2021.mwe-1.1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.mwe-1.1","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2021.mwe-1.1.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 17th Workshop on Multiword Expressions (MWE 2021)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2021.mwe-1.1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.mwe-1.1","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2021.mwe-1.1.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 17th Workshop on Multiword Expressions (MWE 2021)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8399999737739563,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3183679143.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3183679143.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2369480852","https://openalex.org/W2062195135","https://openalex.org/W2360473631","https://openalex.org/W2088836968","https://openalex.org/W2897855253","https://openalex.org/W2352901769","https://openalex.org/W2743004639","https://openalex.org/W2318277440","https://openalex.org/W2169518243","https://openalex.org/W3179723530"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"recent":[1],"years,":[2],"language":[3],"models":[4,20],"(LMs)":[5],"have":[6],"become":[7],"almost":[8],"synonymous":[9],"with":[10],"NLP.":[11],"Pre-trained":[12],"to":[13],"\"read\"":[14],"a":[15,25,31],"large":[16],"text":[17],"corpus,":[18],"such":[19],"are":[21],"useful":[22],"as":[23,28,30],"both":[24],"representation":[26],"layer":[27],"well":[29,38],"source":[32],"of":[33],"world":[34],"knowledge.":[35],"But":[36],"how":[37],"do":[39],"they":[40],"represent":[41],"MWEs?":[42]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}