{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3118692969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.wmt-1.117","title":"The NiuTrans System for the WMT20 Quality Estimation Shared Task","display_name":"The NiuTrans System for the WMT20 Quality Estimation Shared Task","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3118692969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.wmt-1.117","mag":"3118692969"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2020.wmt-1.117","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.wmt-1.117","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2020.wmt-1.117.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Machine Translation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2020.wmt-1.117.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112054566","display_name":"Chi Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chi Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047851681","display_name":"Hui Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1679-6560"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeastern University, Boston, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeastern University, Boston, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102838140","display_name":"Kai Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2721-1611"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeastern University, Boston, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeastern University, Boston, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100385709","display_name":"Xu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3070-9358"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101486824","display_name":"Nuo Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1354-0300"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nuo Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058629536","display_name":"Zefan Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7911-2488"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zefan Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102384126","display_name":"Shiqin Yan","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiqin Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057019417","display_name":"Yingfeng Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1950-9045"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yingfeng Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100367825","display_name":"Chenglong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2391-0923"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenglong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047110623","display_name":"Meng Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0598-0485"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xia Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100600701","display_name":"Tong Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5842-6501"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tong Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeastern University, Boston, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeastern University, Boston, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100370145","display_name":"Jingbo Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingbo Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeastern University, Boston, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeastern University, Boston, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2187,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84676317,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1018","last_page":"1023"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8430750966072083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.7610104084014893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.7049020528793335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.7013951539993286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6145941615104675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.5933391451835632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.5767156481742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5289908647537231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5260645747184753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.5025880336761475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.4629465341567993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task-analysis","display_name":"Task analysis","score":0.43236249685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3300347924232483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.08444684743881226}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8430750966072083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.7610104084014893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.7049020528793335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.7013951539993286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6145941615104675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.5933391451835632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.5767156481742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5289908647537231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5260645747184753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5025880336761475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.4629465341567993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.43236249685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3300347924232483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.08444684743881226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2020.wmt-1.117","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.wmt-1.117","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2020.wmt-1.117.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Machine Translation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"mag:3118692969","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2020.wmt-1.117/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306418267","display_name":"Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":"Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2020.wmt-1.117","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.wmt-1.117","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2020.wmt-1.117.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Machine Translation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6893471174","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61876035","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8440137829","display_name":"\u9762\u5411\u8d44\u6e90\u7a00\u7f3a\u578b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7406\u8bba\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ca\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61732005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3118692969.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3118692969.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2113104171","https://openalex.org/W2144746247","https://openalex.org/W2626124057","https://openalex.org/W2757980860","https://openalex.org/W2953072129","https://openalex.org/W2962784628","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2963403868","https://openalex.org/W2963542740","https://openalex.org/W2970156971","https://openalex.org/W2970731908","https://openalex.org/W2971051558","https://openalex.org/W2971148473","https://openalex.org/W2991123745","https://openalex.org/W3034238904","https://openalex.org/W3035174060","https://openalex.org/W3035390927","https://openalex.org/W3045952831","https://openalex.org/W3084095723","https://openalex.org/W3119881489"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3035390927","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2149327368","https://openalex.org/W3127033629","https://openalex.org/W3119078159","https://openalex.org/W2994972936","https://openalex.org/W3120951354","https://openalex.org/W2963824830","https://openalex.org/W3034727271","https://openalex.org/W2525330092","https://openalex.org/W3039645412","https://openalex.org/W2755926663","https://openalex.org/W3116343068","https://openalex.org/W3185083795","https://openalex.org/W3172683733","https://openalex.org/W2911582157","https://openalex.org/W2952950989","https://openalex.org/W3176879439","https://openalex.org/W2497777982","https://openalex.org/W3105492668"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"describes":[2],"the":[3,6,10,30,72,79],"submissions":[4,70],"of":[5,32],"NiuTrans":[7],"Team":[8],"to":[9],"WMT":[11],"2020":[12],"Quality":[13],"Estimation":[14],"Shared":[15],"Task":[16],"(Specia":[17],"et":[18],"al.,":[19],"2020).We":[20],"participated":[21],"in":[22,64,78],"all":[23,26,76],"tasks":[24,42],"and":[25,37,50],"language":[27],"pairs.We":[28],"explored":[29],"combination":[31],"transfer":[33],"learning,":[34],"multi-task":[35],"learning":[36],"model":[38],"ensemble.Results":[39],"on":[40,75],"multiple":[41,65],"show":[43],"that":[44],"deep":[45],"transformer":[46],"machine":[47],"translation":[48,56],"models":[49],"multilingual":[51],"pretraining":[52],"methods":[53],"significantly":[54],"improve":[55],"quality":[57],"estimation":[58],"performance.Our":[59],"system":[60],"achieved":[61],"remarkable":[62],"results":[63,74],"level":[66],"tasks,":[67],"e.g.,":[68],"our":[69],"obtained":[71],"best":[73],"tracks":[77],"sentence-level":[80],"Direct":[81],"Assessment":[82],"task":[83],"1":[84],".":[85]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2021-01-18T00:00:00"}
