{"id":"https://openalex.org/W6963180527","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18420/delfi2024_07","title":"Evaluating Task-Level Struggle Detection Methods in Intelligent Tutoring Systems for Programming","display_name":"Evaluating Task-Level Struggle Detection Methods in Intelligent Tutoring Systems for Programming","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W6963180527","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18420/delfi2024_07"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pub.uni-bielefeld.de:2992765","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0070-pub-29927657","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401670","display_name":"PUB \u2013 Publications at Bielefeld University (Bielefeld University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I20121455","host_organization_name":"Bielefeld University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_5794"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.18420/delfi2024_07","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Dannath, Jesper","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dannath, Jesper","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Deriyeva, Alina","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deriyeva, Alina","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Paa\u00dfen, Benjamin","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paa\u00dfen, Benjamin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3442,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71659241,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.9581000208854675,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.9581000208854675,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.006399999838322401,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.005400000140070915,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.7006999850273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path","display_name":"Path (computing)","score":0.5482000112533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-tutoring-system","display_name":"Intelligent tutoring system","score":0.5447999835014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/granularity","display_name":"Granularity","score":0.3878999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.3869999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inductive-programming","display_name":"Inductive programming","score":0.3783000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task-analysis","display_name":"Task analysis","score":0.3686000108718872}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7908999919891357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.7006999850273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5482000112533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779336797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3055492","display_name":"Intelligent tutoring system","level":2,"score":0.5447999835014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46560001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177774035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1246948","display_name":"Granularity","level":2,"score":0.3878999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.3869999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50033165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15712089","display_name":"Inductive programming","level":3,"score":0.3783000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.3686000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779038628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7248497","display_name":"Programming by demonstration","level":3,"score":0.3440000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3434999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3237000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776299755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432449","display_name":"Carry (investment)","level":2,"score":0.29010000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.28279998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34165917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188267","display_name":"Programming paradigm","level":2,"score":0.28119999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.2694999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.26510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86251818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816754","display_name":"Benchmarking","level":2,"score":0.2590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2535000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56397880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6044094","display_name":"Intelligent decision support system","level":2,"score":0.2500999867916107}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:pub.uni-bielefeld.de:2992765","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0070-pub-29927657","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401670","display_name":"PUB \u2013 Publications at Bielefeld University (Bielefeld University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I20121455","host_organization_name":"Bielefeld University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_5794"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pub.uni-bielefeld.de:2992767","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0070-pub-29927674","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401670","display_name":"PUB \u2013 Publications at Bielefeld University (Bielefeld University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I20121455","host_organization_name":"Bielefeld University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_5794"},{"id":"doi:10.18420/delfi2024_07","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18420/delfi2024_07","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052918","display_name":"Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Informatik (GI)","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18420/delfi2024_07","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18420/delfi2024_07","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052918","display_name":"Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Informatik (GI)","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8161675333976746,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Intelligent":[0],"Tutoring":[1],"Systems":[2],"require":[3],"student":[4,20],"modeling":[5,21],"in":[6,38,77],"order":[7],"to":[8,57,143],"make":[9],"pedagogical":[10],"decisions,":[11],"such":[12],"as":[13],"individualized":[14],"feedback":[15],"or":[16,33],"task":[17,111],"selection.":[18],"Typically,":[19],"is":[22],"based":[23,131],"on":[24,62,80,88,132],"the":[25,40,110,114],"eventual":[26],"correctness":[27],"of":[28,69,97,116],"tasks.":[29],"However,":[30],"for":[31,106],"multi-step":[32],"iterative":[34],"learning":[35,100],"tasks,":[36],"like":[37],"programming,":[39],"intermediate":[41],"states":[42],"towards":[43,65],"a":[44,66,70,94,146],"correct":[45,67],"solution":[46,68],"also":[47],"carry":[48],"crucial":[49],"information":[50],"about":[51],"learner":[52],"skill.":[53],"We":[54,92,126],"investigate":[55],"how":[56],"detect":[58],"learners":[59],"who":[60],"struggle":[61,75,107,130],"their":[63],"path":[64],"task.":[71],"Prior":[72],"work":[73],"addressed":[74],"detection":[76,108],"programming":[78,99,147],"environments":[79],"different":[81,104],"granularity":[82],"levels,":[83],"but":[84],"has":[85],"mostly":[86],"focused":[87],"preventing":[89],"course":[90],"dropout.":[91],"conducted":[93],"pilot":[95],"study":[96],"our":[98],"environment":[101],"and":[102],"evaluated":[103],"approaches":[105],"at":[109],"level.":[112],"For":[113],"evaluation":[115],"measures,":[117],"we":[118],"use":[119],"downstream":[120],"Item":[121],"Response":[122],"Theory":[123],"competency":[124,148],"models.":[125],"find":[127],"that":[128],"detecting":[129],"large":[133],"language":[134],"model":[135],"text":[136],"embeddings":[137],"outperforms":[138],"chosen":[139],"baselines":[140],"with":[141,145],"regard":[142],"correlation":[144],"proxy.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}