{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3197697110","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18293/seke2021-087","title":"Tree Ensemble Property Verification from A Testing Perspective","display_name":"Tree Ensemble Property Verification from A Testing Perspective","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3197697110","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18293/seke2021-087","mag":"3197697110"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18293/seke2021-087","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18293/seke2021-087","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220650826","display_name":"Proceedings/Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering","issn_l":"2325-9000","issn":["2325-9000","2325-9086"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Conferences on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10072/411985","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045687137","display_name":"Bohao Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bohao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045687137"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2633,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63012904,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"2021","issue":null,"first_page":"166","last_page":"171"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11880","display_name":"Forest ecology and management","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11880","display_name":"Forest ecology and management","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6448047757148743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/property","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","score":0.6152445077896118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.5955842137336731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.5277760028839111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.24030035734176636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17422911524772644}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6448047757148743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6152445077896118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.5955842137336731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.5277760028839111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.24030035734176636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17422911524772644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18293/seke2021-087","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18293/seke2021-087","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220650826","display_name":"Proceedings/Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering","issn_l":"2325-9000","issn":["2325-9000","2325-9086"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Conferences on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research-repository.griffith.edu.au:10072/411985","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10072/411985","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402548","display_name":"Griffith Research Online (Griffith University, Queensland, Australia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I11701301","host_organization_name":"Griffith University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference output"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:research-repository.griffith.edu.au:10072/411985","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10072/411985","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402548","display_name":"Griffith Research Online (Griffith University, Queensland, Australia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I11701301","host_organization_name":"Griffith University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference output"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2365333639","https://openalex.org/W2372769725","https://openalex.org/W3031895475","https://openalex.org/W2365371251","https://openalex.org/W4319987371","https://openalex.org/W2123016062","https://openalex.org/W2355247546","https://openalex.org/W1010840567","https://openalex.org/W2379488605","https://openalex.org/W2002046412"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,41,45,65,88,104,117,121],"development":[2],"of":[3,34,40,87,153],"artificial":[4],"intelligence,":[5],"machine":[6,35,42],"learning":[7,36,43],"algorithms":[8],"are":[9],"currently":[10],"being":[11],"used":[12],"in":[13,131],"more":[14,16],"and":[15,91,148,164],"fields,":[17],"such":[18],"as":[19],"autonomous":[20],"driving,":[21],"medical":[22],"diagnosis,":[23],"etc.":[24],"In":[25],"recent":[26],"years,":[27],"much":[28],"research":[29],"focuses":[30],"on":[31,151,167],"property":[32],"verification":[33],"models.":[37,171],"As":[38],"one":[39],"models,":[44],"tree":[46,169],"ensemble":[47,170],"model's":[48],"structure":[49],"is":[50,100,113,162],"amicable":[51],"to":[52,61,64],"formal":[53],"verification,":[54],"but":[55,75],"large":[56,168],"models":[57],"still":[58],"prove":[59],"hard":[60],"verify":[62,92,103],"due":[63],"combinatorial":[66],"path":[67],"explosion.":[68],"This":[69],"paper":[70],"presents":[71],"a":[72,79,96,108,128,140],"violation-driven,":[73],"sound":[74],"incomplete":[76],"method":[77,126,138],"from":[78],"testing":[80],"perspective.":[81],"We":[82,123],"generate":[83],"an":[84],"explanation":[85],"model":[86,90,106,119],"original":[89,105,118],"it":[93,150],"formally.":[94],"After":[95],"narrowed":[97],"search":[98],"space":[99],"obtained,":[101],"we":[102,134],"by":[107],"testing-based":[109],"method.":[110],"A":[111],"counterexample":[112],"then":[114],"proof":[115],"that":[116,159],"violates":[120],"property.":[122],"elaborate":[124],"our":[125,137,160],"through":[127],"case":[129],"study":[130],"detail.":[132],"And":[133],"have":[135],"developed":[136],"into":[139],"tool":[141],"called":[142],"TEPV":[143],"(Tree":[144],"Ensemble":[145],"Property":[146],"Verification)":[147],"tested":[149],"datasets":[152],"various":[154],"sizes.":[155],"The":[156],"experiment":[157],"demonstrates":[158],"approach":[161],"scalable":[163],"works":[165],"well":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
