{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4294659036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18293/seke2022-066","title":"Unlearnable Examples: Protecting Open-Source Software from Unauthorized Neural Code Learning","display_name":"Unlearnable Examples: Protecting Open-Source Software from Unauthorized Neural Code Learning","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4294659036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18293/seke2022-066"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18293/seke2022-066","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18293/seke2022-066","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.18293/seke2022-066","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220650826","display_name":"Proceedings/Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering","issn_l":"2325-9000","issn":["2325-9000","2325-9086"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Conferences on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.18293/seke2022-066","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072001009","display_name":"Zhenlan Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3167-0480"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenlan Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101728918","display_name":"Pingchuan Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7680-2817"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pingchuan Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100328264","display_name":"Shuai Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0866-0308"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shuai Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100328264"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5305,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70857568,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2022","issue":null,"first_page":"525","last_page":"530"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9855999946594238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9807000160217285,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8129459619522095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.5723798871040344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5217893123626709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.49806737899780273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4391421973705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-review","display_name":"Code review","score":0.4308525323867798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4281390607357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/license","display_name":"License","score":0.4279511272907257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.42175114154815674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.4090103209018707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-quality","display_name":"Software quality","score":0.3729567229747772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.31386590003967285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.29544389247894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.28758764266967773}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8129459619522095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.5723798871040344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5217893123626709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.49806737899780273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4391421973705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150292731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1342704","display_name":"Code review","level":5,"score":0.4308525323867798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4281390607357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780560020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79719","display_name":"License","level":2,"score":0.4279511272907257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.42175114154815674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.4090103209018707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117447612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412670","display_name":"Software quality","level":4,"score":0.3729567229747772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.31386590003967285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.29544389247894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.28758764266967773}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18293/seke2022-066","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18293/seke2022-066","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.18293/seke2022-066","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220650826","display_name":"Proceedings/Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering","issn_l":"2325-9000","issn":["2325-9000","2325-9086"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Conferences on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-121199","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.scopus.com/record/display.url?eid=2-s2.0-85137169022&origin=inward","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18293/seke2022-066","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18293/seke2022-066","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.18293/seke2022-066","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220650826","display_name":"Proceedings/Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering","issn_l":"2325-9000","issn":["2325-9000","2325-9086"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Conferences on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309480","display_name":"Nvidia","ror":"https://ror.org/03jdj4y14"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4294659036.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4294659036.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1567046609","https://openalex.org/W2065053490","https://openalex.org/W2146659255","https://openalex.org/W2158439356","https://openalex.org/W2282866165","https://openalex.org/W2541884796","https://openalex.org/W2546950329","https://openalex.org/W2887364112","https://openalex.org/W2891865791","https://openalex.org/W2947227164","https://openalex.org/W2966840685","https://openalex.org/W2972135640","https://openalex.org/W3098605233","https://openalex.org/W3119278161","https://openalex.org/W3126675481","https://openalex.org/W3132832816","https://openalex.org/W3177813494","https://openalex.org/W3193394794","https://openalex.org/W3195749400","https://openalex.org/W4286894971","https://openalex.org/W4318619660","https://openalex.org/W4386506836"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2904997879","https://openalex.org/W2344367508","https://openalex.org/W2019257047","https://openalex.org/W1997548934","https://openalex.org/W2097696338","https://openalex.org/W119580281","https://openalex.org/W20188161","https://openalex.org/W4389600167","https://openalex.org/W2969773072","https://openalex.org/W4380568682"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"vast":[1],"volume":[2],"of":[3,16],"\"free\"":[4],"code":[5,9,39],"maintained":[6],"on":[7],"open-source":[8,20,32,45],"management":[10],"systems":[11],"significantly":[12],"simplifies":[13],"the":[14,56,63,68],"process":[15],"producing":[17],"and":[18,66],"sharing":[19],"software.":[21],"Recently,":[22],"we":[23],"have":[24],"seen":[25],"a":[26],"growing":[27],"trend":[28],"in":[29],"which":[30],"these":[31],"software":[33,46,54],"is":[34],"being":[35],"used":[36],"for":[37],"neural":[38],"learning":[40],"without":[41],"authorization.":[42],"Note":[43],"that":[44],"does":[47],"not":[48],"necessarily":[49],"imply":[50],"\"unrestricted":[51],"usage,\"":[52],"e.g.,":[53],"under":[55],"BSD":[57],"license":[58],"requires":[59],"users":[60],"to":[61],"retain":[62],"copyright":[64],"notice":[65],"credit":[67],"software's":[69],"developers.":[70]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}