{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1859121673","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17562/pb-39-8","title":"Application of Pronominal Divergence and Anaphora Resolution in English-Hindi Machine Translation","display_name":"Application of Pronominal Divergence and Anaphora Resolution in English-Hindi Machine Translation","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-06-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1859121673","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17562/pb-39-8","mag":"1859121673"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.17562/pb-39-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17562/pb-39-8","pdf_url":"https://www.polibits.cidetec.ipn.mx/ojs/index.php/polibits/article/view/39-8/1818","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186437","display_name":"Polibits","issn_l":"1870-9044","issn":["1870-9044","2395-8618"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polibits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.polibits.cidetec.ipn.mx/ojs/index.php/polibits/article/view/39-8/1818","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067298637","display_name":"Kamlesh Dutta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3197-2235"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36909309","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Hamirpur","ror":"https://ror.org/01nc8zs04","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36909309","https://openalex.org/I4210152752"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kamlesh Dutta","raw_affiliation_strings":["National institute of Technology, Hamirpur, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National institute of Technology, Hamirpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36909309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027830149","display_name":"Nupur Prakash","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7786-4210"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I105454292","display_name":"Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University","ror":"https://ror.org/034q1za58","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105454292"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nupur Prakash","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guru Gobind Singh Inderprastha University, Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guru Gobind Singh Inderprastha University, Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105454292"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103437418","display_name":"Saroj Kaushik","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saroj Kaushik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology , Delhi , India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology , Delhi , India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4441,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71286634,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":null,"first_page":"55","last_page":"58"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anaphora","display_name":"Anaphora (linguistics)","score":0.8953111171722412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hindi","display_name":"Hindi","score":0.7766598463058472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6638821959495544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6167879700660706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translation","display_name":"Translation (biology)","score":0.6001407504081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5894495844841003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resolution","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","score":0.513386607170105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divergence","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","score":0.4956859350204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.48076412081718445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.4005734920501709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.10220769047737122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.08646196126937866}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781449363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156751","display_name":"Anaphora (linguistics)","level":3,"score":0.8953111171722412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519982507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1568","display_name":"Hindi","level":2,"score":0.7766598463058472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6638821959495544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6167879700660706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149364088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917","display_name":"Translation (biology)","level":4,"score":0.6001407504081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5894495844841003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.513386607170105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207390915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230525","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4956859350204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.48076412081718445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.4005734920501709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.10220769047737122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.08646196126937866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105580179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188928","display_name":"Messenger RNA","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.17562/pb-39-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17562/pb-39-8","pdf_url":"https://www.polibits.cidetec.ipn.mx/ojs/index.php/polibits/article/view/39-8/1818","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186437","display_name":"Polibits","issn_l":"1870-9044","issn":["1870-9044","2395-8618"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polibits","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.186.3559","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.186.3559","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.gelbukh.com/polibits/2009_39/39_08.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:redalyc.org:402640452008","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=402640452008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196100","display_name":"Redalyc (Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de M\u00e9xico)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I179647637","host_organization_name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de M\u00e9xico","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179647637"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Polibits (M\u00e9xico) Vol.39","raw_type":"art\u00edculo cient\u00edfico"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.17562/pb-39-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17562/pb-39-8","pdf_url":"https://www.polibits.cidetec.ipn.mx/ojs/index.php/polibits/article/view/39-8/1818","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186437","display_name":"Polibits","issn_l":"1870-9044","issn":["1870-9044","2395-8618"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polibits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7900000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1859121673.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1859121673.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2137076533","https://openalex.org/W2149389202","https://openalex.org/W2171058544","https://openalex.org/W2203653769","https://openalex.org/W2339830707"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2384553807","https://openalex.org/W1557888283","https://openalex.org/W2738278463","https://openalex.org/W3089999372","https://openalex.org/W2265245145","https://openalex.org/W3110423299","https://openalex.org/W4308939443","https://openalex.org/W4299528489","https://openalex.org/W2728761353","https://openalex.org/W2883671469"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"So":[0],"far":[1],"the":[2,14,35,46,63,70,79,87,93,97,106,110,115,149,189],"majority":[3],"of":[4,16,33,37,48,72,76,126,144,178,196],"Machine":[5,23,155,198],"Translation":[6,24,156],"(MT)":[7],"research":[8],"has":[9,25,40],"focused":[10],"on":[11],"translation":[12,49,73,197],"at":[13],"level":[15,21],"individual":[17],"sentences.":[18],"For":[19],"sentence":[20],"translation,":[22],"addressed":[26],"various":[27],"divergence":[28,39,65,146],"issues":[29],"for":[30,96,121,129],"large":[31],"variety":[32],"languages;":[34],"issue":[36,116],"pronominal":[38,64,99,145],"been":[41],"presented":[42],"only":[43],"recently.":[44],"Since":[45],"quality":[47,195],"as":[50],"required":[51],"by":[52,104],"users":[53],"follows":[54],"coherent":[55,184],"multi-sentence":[56,185],"discourse":[57,186],"structure":[58,187],"in":[59,68,78,152,163,172,188],"a":[60],"specific":[61,176],"context,":[62],"helps":[66],"us":[67],"understanding":[69],"nuances":[71],"arising":[74],"out":[75],"disparity":[77],"languages.":[80],"Subsequently":[81],"using":[82],"clues":[83],"from":[84],"this":[85,138],"divergence,":[86],"anaphora":[88,150],"resolution":[89,125,151],"system":[90],"can":[91,167,182],"find":[92],"correct":[94],"interpretation":[95],"given":[98],"referents":[100],"and":[101,117,124,180],"other":[102],"entities":[103],"resolving":[105],"inter-sentential":[107,170],"context.":[108],"In":[109,137],"literature,":[111],"researchers":[112],"have":[113,118],"examined":[114],"proposed":[119],"ways":[120],"their":[122],"classification":[123],"anaphora.":[127],"However":[128],"Indic":[130],"languages,":[131],"not":[132],"many":[133],"studies":[134],"are":[135],"available.":[136],"paper,":[139],"we":[140],"discuss":[141],"different":[142],"aspects":[143],"that":[147,166],"affects":[148],"English":[153],"Hindi":[154],"(EHMT).":[157],"The":[158],"study":[159],"shall":[160],"be":[161],"helpful":[162],"developing":[164],"approaches":[165],"explicitly":[168],"use":[169],"information":[171],"order":[173],"to":[174,192],"resolve":[175],"types":[177],"ambiguity":[179],"which":[181],"generate":[183],"target":[190],"language":[191],"produce":[193],"higher":[194],"Translation.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}