{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2156639545","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17487/rfc2474","title":"Definition of the Differentiated Services Field (DS Field) in the IPv4 and IPv6 Headers","display_name":"Definition of the Differentiated Services Field (DS Field) in the IPv4 and IPv6 Headers","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2156639545","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17487/rfc2474","mag":"2156639545"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.17487/rfc2474","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17487/rfc2474","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"report"},"type":"report","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111973206","display_name":"Kathleen Nichols","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151281966","display_name":"Cisco Systems (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/02qy75381","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135428043","https://openalex.org/I151281966"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Nichols","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cisco Systems D. Black EMC Corporation"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cisco Systems D. Black EMC Corporation","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151281966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059304257","display_name":"Steven Blake","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151281966","display_name":"Cisco Systems (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/02qy75381","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135428043","https://openalex.org/I151281966"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Blake","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cisco Systems D. Black EMC Corporation"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cisco Systems D. Black EMC Corporation","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151281966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005264544","display_name":"Fred Baker","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151281966","display_name":"Cisco Systems (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/02qy75381","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135428043","https://openalex.org/I151281966"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Baker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cisco Systems D. Black EMC Corporation"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cisco Systems D. Black EMC Corporation","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151281966"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110400961","display_name":"David L. Black","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Black","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1539,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10651","display_name":"IPv6, Mobility, Handover, Networks, Security","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10651","display_name":"IPv6, Mobility, Handover, Networks, Security","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ipv4","display_name":"IPv4","score":0.6979433298110962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ipv6","display_name":"IPv6","score":0.6855694651603699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.603512704372406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4660569131374359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3377242386341095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.29296594858169556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19016924500465393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.1428041160106659}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779233093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11103","display_name":"IPv4","level":4,"score":0.6979433298110962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84555802","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2551624","display_name":"IPv6","level":3,"score":0.6855694651603699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.603512704372406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4660569131374359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3377242386341095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.29296594858169556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19016924500465393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.1428041160106659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.17487/rfc2474","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17487/rfc2474","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"report"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.5099999904632568,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.4300000071525574,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1590810061","https://openalex.org/W1744779065","https://openalex.org/W2098375698","https://openalex.org/W2132493857","https://openalex.org/W2155750235","https://openalex.org/W2505630732","https://openalex.org/W3143248510","https://openalex.org/W4236965295","https://openalex.org/W4253826867","https://openalex.org/W4290473017","https://openalex.org/W4301715020","https://openalex.org/W4302314722"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2349428606","https://openalex.org/W2801831215","https://openalex.org/W2025363390","https://openalex.org/W2382841172","https://openalex.org/W2361536150","https://openalex.org/W2079954852","https://openalex.org/W2168319015","https://openalex.org/W2769872571","https://openalex.org/W2102243042","https://openalex.org/W2368966739"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Differentiated":[0],"services":[1,30,48],"enhancements":[2],"to":[3,9,104],"the":[4,15,18,111,114,118,127],"Internet":[5,16],"protocol":[6],"are":[7,43,108],"intended":[8],"enable":[10],"scalable":[11],"service":[12],"discrimination":[13],"in":[14,45,85,124],"without":[17],"need":[19],"for":[20],"per-flow":[21],"state":[22],"and":[23,68,116],"signaling":[24],"at":[25,90,121],"every":[26],"hop.A":[27],"variety":[28],"of":[29,39,131],"may":[31,49],"be":[32,50,78],"built":[33],"from":[34],"a":[35,81],"small,":[36],"well-defined":[37],"set":[38],"building":[40],"blocks":[41],"which":[42],"deployed":[44],"network":[46,91,122],"nodes.The":[47],"either":[51],"end-to-end":[52],"or":[53,99,129],"intra-domain;":[54],"they":[55],"include":[56],"both":[57],"those":[58,69,102],"that":[59],"can":[60,77],"satisfy":[61],"quantitative":[62],"performance":[63,73],"requirements":[64,128],"(e.g.,":[65,74],"peak":[66],"bandwidth)":[67],"based":[70],"on":[71],"relative":[72],"\"class\"":[75],"differentiation).Services":[76],"constructed":[79],"by":[80,110],"combination":[82],"of:-setting":[83],"bits":[84,103],"an":[86],"IP":[87],"header":[88],"field":[89],"boundaries":[92,123],"(autonomous":[93],"system":[94],"boundaries,":[95,98],"internal":[96],"administrative":[97],"hosts),":[100],"-using":[101],"determine":[105],"how":[106],"packets":[107,120],"forwarded":[109],"nodes":[112],"inside":[113],"network,":[115],"-conditioning":[117],"marked":[119],"accordance":[125],"with":[126],"rules":[130],"each":[132],"service.Nichols,":[133],"et.al.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":46},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":55}],"updated_date":"2026-08-13T07:04:57.449891","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}