{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4299960733","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17487/rfc1866","title":"Hypertext Markup Language - 2.0","display_name":"Hypertext Markup Language - 2.0","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4299960733","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17487/rfc1866"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.17487/rfc1866","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17487/rfc1866","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"report"},"type":"report","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025908133","display_name":"Tim Berners\u2010Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1279-3709"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"T. Berners-Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025587829","display_name":"D. Connolly","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Connolly","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025908133"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":167,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.6998999714851379,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.6998999714851379,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.613099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13523","display_name":"Mathematics, Computing, and Information Processing","score":0.6078000068664551,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markup-language","display_name":"Markup language","score":0.8181278705596924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypertext","display_name":"Hypertext","score":0.6719962954521179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5495874881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.5352381467819214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/html","display_name":"HTML","score":0.5200247764587402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xhtml","display_name":"XHTML","score":0.4853421747684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sgml","display_name":"SGML","score":0.48501986265182495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.4290940761566162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3236525058746338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xml","display_name":"XML","score":0.20145508646965027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.19746077060699463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.09197694063186646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/document-structure-description","display_name":"Document Structure Description","score":0.03755122423171997}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45874996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37045","display_name":"Markup language","level":3,"score":0.8181278705596924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162215914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93241","display_name":"Hypertext","level":2,"score":0.6719962954521179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5495874881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.5352381467819214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138708601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8811","display_name":"HTML","level":3,"score":0.5200247764587402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189139006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166074","display_name":"XHTML","level":4,"score":0.4853421747684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62701983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207819","display_name":"SGML","level":4,"score":0.48501986265182495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.4290940761566162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3236525058746338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8797682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2115","display_name":"XML","level":2,"score":0.20145508646965027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.19746077060699463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.09197694063186646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68699486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q265904","display_name":"Document Structure Description","level":3,"score":0.03755122423171997}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.17487/rfc1866","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17487/rfc1866","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"report"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333846","display_name":"Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1510251296","https://openalex.org/W1775663022","https://openalex.org/W1778482715","https://openalex.org/W1934249459","https://openalex.org/W1955828503","https://openalex.org/W1993909409","https://openalex.org/W2101518532","https://openalex.org/W2504068550","https://openalex.org/W4248361935"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W12825674","https://openalex.org/W2768131452","https://openalex.org/W2044641582","https://openalex.org/W4297684908","https://openalex.org/W2211309320","https://openalex.org/W4232022739","https://openalex.org/W4255524321","https://openalex.org/W2620884338","https://openalex.org/W2775767401","https://openalex.org/W4243434273"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"document":[1],"specifies":[2],"an":[3],"Internet":[4,10],"standards":[5],"track":[6],"protocol":[7],"for":[8,17],"the":[9],"community,":[11],"and":[12,15],"requests":[13],"discussion":[14],"suggestions":[16],"improvements.":[18]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}