{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7131229735","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jstbu.25.00139","title":"Machine learning integration for smarter, more adaptive systems in large-scale 3D printing","display_name":"Machine learning integration for smarter, more adaptive systems in large-scale 3D printing","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7131229735","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jstbu.25.00139"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1680/jstbu.25.00139","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jstbu.25.00139","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169063","display_name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Structures and Buildings","issn_l":"0965-0911","issn":["0965-0911","1751-7702"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311678","host_organization_name":"ICE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311678"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["ICE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Structures and Buildings","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125253936","display_name":"Salim Barbhuiya","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157227730","display_name":"University of East London","ror":"https://ror.org/057jrqr44","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157227730"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Salim Barbhuiya","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of East London , London,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of East London , London,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157227730"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066189653","display_name":"Nadeem Qazi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157227730","display_name":"University of East London","ror":"https://ror.org/057jrqr44","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157227730"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nadeem Qazi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of East London , London,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of East London , London,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157227730"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126679229","display_name":"Bibhuti Bhusan Das","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11880225","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Karnataka","ror":"https://ror.org/01hz4v948","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11880225"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bibhuti Bhusan Das","raw_affiliation_strings":["NIT Karnataka , Surathkal,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NIT Karnataka , Surathkal,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11880225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011107570","display_name":"Vasudha D. Katare","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0367-1195"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121750182","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Warangal","ror":"https://ror.org/017ebfz38","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121750182"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vasudha Katare","raw_affiliation_strings":["NIT Warangal , Warangal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NIT Warangal , Warangal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121750182"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5125253936"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157227730"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":20.6955,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98879692,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"179","issue":"3","first_page":"264","last_page":"287"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12190","display_name":"Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12190","display_name":"Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10783","display_name":"Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies","score":0.0032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11006","display_name":"BIM and Construction Integration","score":0.003100000089034438,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.590399980545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics","display_name":"Robotics","score":0.5449000000953674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5446000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.5116000175476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.400299996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.3522000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.33880001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.3384000062942505}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6147000193595886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.590399980545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34413123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978","display_name":"Robotics","level":3,"score":0.5449000000953674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5446000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5223000049591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.5116000175476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4733999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.400299996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.37209999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.3522000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.33880001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.3384000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125014702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4680749","display_name":"Adaptive learning","level":2,"score":0.3352999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524769229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229367","display_name":"3D printing","level":2,"score":0.3287999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.296099990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.29499998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52970973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2497134","display_name":"Adaptive system","level":2,"score":0.28200000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.28029999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107327155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330268","display_name":"Decision support system","level":2,"score":0.2653999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.2635999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.26010000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207267971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120208","display_name":"Emerging technologies","level":2,"score":0.257099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5339829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1425977","display_name":"Machine vision","level":2,"score":0.2540999948978424}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1680/jstbu.25.00139","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jstbu.25.00139","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169063","display_name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Structures and Buildings","issn_l":"0965-0911","issn":["0965-0911","1751-7702"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311678","host_organization_name":"ICE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311678"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["ICE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Structures and Buildings","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":125,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2302965792","https://openalex.org/W2615049565","https://openalex.org/W2738717439","https://openalex.org/W2750144484","https://openalex.org/W2802759913","https://openalex.org/W2884022949","https://openalex.org/W2886568155","https://openalex.org/W2895814344","https://openalex.org/W2913988572","https://openalex.org/W2921520711","https://openalex.org/W2952852102","https://openalex.org/W2972137370","https://openalex.org/W2979893369","https://openalex.org/W2997647976","https://openalex.org/W3004042885","https://openalex.org/W3004460425","https://openalex.org/W3031552405","https://openalex.org/W3043532440","https://openalex.org/W3047327247","https://openalex.org/W3048317496","https://openalex.org/W3092985997","https://openalex.org/W3094585180","https://openalex.org/W3125387313","https://openalex.org/W3127310892","https://openalex.org/W3135835060","https://openalex.org/W3146125584","https://openalex.org/W3155783559","https://openalex.org/W3157243312","https://openalex.org/W3158863374","https://openalex.org/W3168750013","https://openalex.org/W3172744943","https://openalex.org/W3208111191","https://openalex.org/W3215917439","https://openalex.org/W4205930708","https://openalex.org/W4213123767","https://openalex.org/W4220730821","https://openalex.org/W4221035474","https://openalex.org/W4223578894","https://openalex.org/W4224081180","https://openalex.org/W4224248768","https://openalex.org/W4225130913","https://openalex.org/W4225289891","https://openalex.org/W4225726948","https://openalex.org/W4229034788","https://openalex.org/W4281393419","https://openalex.org/W4281393809","https://openalex.org/W4281634227","https://openalex.org/W4282009087","https://openalex.org/W4283392904","https://openalex.org/W4283517289","https://openalex.org/W4284963893","https://openalex.org/W4285603478","https://openalex.org/W4287881772","https://openalex.org/W4290785274","https://openalex.org/W4291002276","https://openalex.org/W4296481956","https://openalex.org/W4296744026","https://openalex.org/W4297110346","https://openalex.org/W4298007401","https://openalex.org/W4306367236","https://openalex.org/W4307238966","https://openalex.org/W4309552896","https://openalex.org/W4309788319","https://openalex.org/W4310605267","https://openalex.org/W4312220400","https://openalex.org/W4315865197","https://openalex.org/W4317727238","https://openalex.org/W4318317913","https://openalex.org/W4320726556","https://openalex.org/W4322761281","https://openalex.org/W4327593058","https://openalex.org/W4327967077","https://openalex.org/W4327984292","https://openalex.org/W4361267773","https://openalex.org/W4361273889","https://openalex.org/W4362575754","https://openalex.org/W4366992530","https://openalex.org/W4375952542","https://openalex.org/W4377981743","https://openalex.org/W4378190952","https://openalex.org/W4380481511","https://openalex.org/W4380740175","https://openalex.org/W4380887584","https://openalex.org/W4381684703","https://openalex.org/W4385239672","https://openalex.org/W4386797224","https://openalex.org/W4387059427","https://openalex.org/W4387630977","https://openalex.org/W4387880053","https://openalex.org/W4388439714","https://openalex.org/W4388902383","https://openalex.org/W4390452972","https://openalex.org/W4391248733","https://openalex.org/W4391265132","https://openalex.org/W4391445676","https://openalex.org/W4391812984","https://openalex.org/W4392599801","https://openalex.org/W4393250932","https://openalex.org/W4396619460","https://openalex.org/W4396622893","https://openalex.org/W4396952608","https://openalex.org/W4398467498","https://openalex.org/W4400336400","https://openalex.org/W4400573802","https://openalex.org/W4400737228","https://openalex.org/W4401462488","https://openalex.org/W4401628864","https://openalex.org/W4401709022","https://openalex.org/W4402089043","https://openalex.org/W4402300156","https://openalex.org/W4402309925","https://openalex.org/W4402600144","https://openalex.org/W4403951223","https://openalex.org/W4405861016","https://openalex.org/W4406169366","https://openalex.org/W4406190046","https://openalex.org/W4406349844","https://openalex.org/W4406901930","https://openalex.org/W4407397982","https://openalex.org/W4407578345","https://openalex.org/W4407830869","https://openalex.org/W4408903761","https://openalex.org/W4408927923","https://openalex.org/W4409174882","https://openalex.org/W4409414811"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Construction-scale":[0],"three-dimensional":[1],"(3D)":[2],"printing":[3,86],"(C3DP)":[4],"is":[5],"reshaping":[6],"building":[7,146],"by":[8],"enabling":[9],"automated,":[10],"low-cost":[11],"and":[12,24,43,56,61,66,75,95,118,130,144,155],"environmentally":[13],"friendly":[14],"construction.":[15,167],"Yet":[16],"it":[17],"struggles":[18],"with":[19,83],"material":[20],"variability,":[21],"process":[22],"control":[23],"limited":[25],"real-time":[26],"adaptability.":[27],"This":[28,148],"paper":[29,149],"explores":[30],"how":[31,160],"machine":[32],"learning":[33,45],"(ML)":[34],"can":[35,163],"address":[36],"these":[37,161],"barriers.":[38],"Through":[39],"supervised,":[40],"unsupervised,":[41],"reinforcement":[42],"deep":[44],"methods,":[46],"ML":[47,82],"strengthens":[48],"quality":[49],"control,":[50],"robotic":[51],"path":[52],"planning,":[53],"predictive":[54],"maintenance":[55],"adaptive":[57,166],"optimisation.":[58],"Continuous":[59],"sensing":[60],"feedback":[62],"improve":[63],"structural":[64],"performance":[65],"reduce":[67],"waste.":[68],"Case":[69],"studies":[70],"from":[71,80],"ICON,":[72],"Apis":[73],"Cor":[74],"WASP":[76],"demonstrate":[77],"practical":[78],"gains":[79],"combining":[81],"large-scale":[84],"3D":[85],"\u2013":[87],"such":[88],"as":[89],"better":[90],"print":[91],"reliability,":[92],"smarter":[93],"robotics":[94],"more":[96,142],"sustainable":[97,143],"materials.":[98],"Critical":[99],"enablers":[100],"are":[101,125],"also":[102],"discussed":[103],"in":[104,127],"this":[105],"paper,":[106],"including":[107],"sensor":[108],"integration,":[109],"edge":[110],"artificial":[111],"intelligence":[112],"(AI)":[113],"for":[114],"low-latency":[115],"decision":[116],"making":[117],"ongoing":[119],"regulatory":[120],"challenges.":[121],"Finally,":[122],"emerging":[123],"opportunities":[124],"identified":[126],"autonomous":[128],"construction":[129],"generative":[131],"AI\u2013driven":[132],"design.":[133],"ML-enabled":[134],"C3DP":[135],"offers":[136],"a":[137,152,156],"promising":[138],"route":[139],"toward":[140],"smarter,":[141],"scalable":[145],"systems.":[147],"provides":[150],"both":[151],"literature-based":[153],"review":[154],"conceptual":[157],"framework":[158],"outlining":[159],"technologies":[162],"shape":[164],"future":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T06:02:16.177343","created_date":"2026-02-25T00:00:00"}
