{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415506016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1631/fitee.2400371","title":"Efficient privacy-preserving scheme for secure neural network inference","display_name":"Efficient privacy-preserving scheme for secure neural network inference","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415506016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1631/fitee.2400371"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1631/fitee.2400371","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1631/fitee.2400371","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210189857","display_name":"Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering","issn_l":"2095-9184","issn":["2095-9184","2095-9230"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers of Information Technology &amp; Electronic Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030223441","display_name":"Liquan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7202-4939"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155350","display_name":"Purple Mountain Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/04zcbk583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Liquan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China","School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7202-4939","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105473166","display_name":"Zixuan Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5821-7631"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zixuan Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102005834","display_name":"Peng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5710-165X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yang Ma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030223441"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350","https://openalex.org/I76569877"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.396,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86645749,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"9","first_page":"1609","last_page":"1623"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homomorphic-encryption","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","score":0.7279000282287598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.5963000059127808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plaintext","display_name":"Plaintext","score":0.5817000269889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.559499979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ciphertext","display_name":"Ciphertext","score":0.5491999983787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paillier-cryptosystem","display_name":"Paillier cryptosystem","score":0.5473999977111816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secret-sharing","display_name":"Secret sharing","score":0.5070000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.47909998893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.45879998803138733}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.810699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158338273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2154943","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","level":3,"score":0.7279000282287598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.5963000059127808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92717368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1162538","display_name":"Plaintext","level":3,"score":0.5817000269889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.559499979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93974786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1589480","display_name":"Ciphertext","level":3,"score":0.5491999983787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66989864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q594646","display_name":"Paillier cryptosystem","level":5,"score":0.5473999977111816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3087436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1386603","display_name":"Secret sharing","level":3,"score":0.5070000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5031999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.47909998893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.45879998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.42969998717308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.39169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780595030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3860309","display_name":"Multiplication (music)","level":2,"score":0.38589999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.37549999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3540000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.34549999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.34439998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.33959999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3361000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.3303000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557945733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389772","display_name":"Data transmission","level":2,"score":0.3264000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.30090001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.2987000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.2816999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.2770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.2728999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777059624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q914359","display_name":"Cloud storage","level":3,"score":0.2689000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33762810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461671","display_name":"Data integrity","level":2,"score":0.26080000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.25769999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7646194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4818713","display_name":"Attribute-based encryption","level":4,"score":0.25209999084472656}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1631/fitee.2400371","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1631/fitee.2400371","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210189857","display_name":"Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering","issn_l":"2095-9184","issn":["2095-9184","2095-9230"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers of Information Technology &amp; Electronic Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W236632755","https://openalex.org/W2096733369","https://openalex.org/W2765200655","https://openalex.org/W2800663842","https://openalex.org/W2899140612","https://openalex.org/W2963106566","https://openalex.org/W2994111940","https://openalex.org/W3003532255","https://openalex.org/W3029001590","https://openalex.org/W3036614229","https://openalex.org/W3136975558","https://openalex.org/W3137610633","https://openalex.org/W4229026509","https://openalex.org/W4285110266","https://openalex.org/W4297094717","https://openalex.org/W4306639562","https://openalex.org/W4322487580","https://openalex.org/W4361986437","https://openalex.org/W4389249923"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"increasing":[1],"adoption":[2],"of":[3,33,73,124,132,140],"smart":[4],"devices":[5],"and":[6,15,44,65,77,84,113,143,148,186],"cloud":[7,26,79],"services,":[8],"coupled":[9],"with":[10,163],"limitations":[11],"in":[12,36,174],"local":[13],"computing":[14],"storage":[16],"resources,":[17],"prompts":[18],"numerous":[19],"users":[20],"to":[21,25,158],"transmit":[22],"private":[23,125],"data":[24,35],"servers":[27],"for":[28,101,109,117],"processing.":[29],"However,":[30],"the":[31,71,75,78,91,98,103,106,114,121,138,170,175],"transmission":[32],"sensitive":[34],"plaintext":[37],"form":[38],"raises":[39],"concerns":[40],"regarding":[41],"users\u2019":[42],"privacy":[43,72],"security.":[45],"To":[46],"address":[47],"these":[48],"concerns,":[49],"this":[50],"study":[51],"proposes":[52],"an":[53,130],"efficient":[54],"privacy-preserving":[55],"secure":[56,66],"neural":[57],"network":[58,104,134],"inference":[59,92,184],"scheme":[60,168],"based":[61],"on":[62,120],"homomorphic":[63,111],"encryption":[64],"multi-party":[67],"computation,":[68],"which":[69],"ensures":[70],"both":[74,145],"user":[76],"server":[80],"while":[81],"enabling":[82],"fast":[83,155],"accurate":[85],"ciphertext":[86],"inference.":[87],"First,":[88],"we":[89,128,152],"divide":[90],"process":[93],"into":[94],"three":[95],"stages,":[96],"including":[97],"merging":[99,133],"stage":[100,108,116,177],"adjusting":[102],"structure,":[105],"preprocessing":[107],"performing":[110],"computations,":[112],"online":[115,176],"floating-point":[118],"operations":[119],"secret":[122],"sharing":[123],"data.":[126],"Second,":[127],"propose":[129,153],"approach":[131],"parameters,":[135],"thereby":[136],"reducing":[137,183],"cost":[139],"multiplication":[141,147],"levels":[142],"decreasing":[144],"ciphertext\u2013plaintext":[146],"addition":[149],"operations.":[150],"Finally,":[151],"a":[154],"convolution":[156],"algorithm":[157],"enhance":[159],"computational":[160],"efficiency.":[161],"Compared":[162],"other":[164],"state-of-the-art":[165],"methods,":[166],"our":[167],"reduces":[169],"linear":[171],"operation":[172],"time":[173,185],"by":[178],"at":[179],"least":[180],"11%,":[181],"significantly":[182],"communication":[187],"overhead.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-13T06:13:01.061226","created_date":"2025-10-24T00:00:00"}
