{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413047911","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1631/fitee.2400327","title":"Adaptive multi-layer deployment for a digital-twin-empowered satellite-terrestrial integrated network","display_name":"Adaptive multi-layer deployment for a digital-twin-empowered satellite-terrestrial integrated network","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413047911","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1631/fitee.2400327"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1631/fitee.2400327","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1631/fitee.2400327","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210189857","display_name":"Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering","issn_l":"2095-9184","issn":["2095-9184","2095-9230"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers of Information Technology &amp; Electronic Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yihong Tao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8805-7763"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yihong Tao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wireless Signal Processing and Network Laboratory, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8805-7763","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wireless Signal Processing and Network Laboratory, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034448900","display_name":"Bo Lei","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136246","display_name":"China Telecom (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jgnzt20","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153335","display_name":"China Telecom","ror":"https://ror.org/05p67dv18","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of China Telecom Co., Ltd., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of China Telecom Co., Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246","https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103170320","display_name":"Haoyang Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1099-9055"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoyang Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wireless Signal Processing and Network Laboratory, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wireless Signal Processing and Network Laboratory, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051791190","display_name":"Jingkai Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7830-2039"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingkai Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wireless Signal Processing and Network Laboratory, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wireless Signal Processing and Network Laboratory, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115603700","display_name":"Xing Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7301-6153"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xing Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wireless Signal Processing and Network Laboratory, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wireless Signal Processing and Network Laboratory, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5115603700"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.6376,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9785175,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"2","first_page":"246","last_page":"259"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12203","display_name":"Mobile Agent-Based Network Management","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.7348859310150146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5359488129615784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4848850667476654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.46873125433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16287848353385925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.10475358366966248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.08323514461517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.0656454861164093}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.7348859310150146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5359488129615784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4848850667476654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.46873125433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16287848353385925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.10475358366966248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.08323514461517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0656454861164093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1631/fitee.2400327","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1631/fitee.2400327","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210189857","display_name":"Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering","issn_l":"2095-9184","issn":["2095-9184","2095-9230"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers of Information Technology &amp; Electronic Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6899999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1689711448","https://openalex.org/W2793491406","https://openalex.org/W2805161269","https://openalex.org/W2886485362","https://openalex.org/W2893423021","https://openalex.org/W2909496071","https://openalex.org/W2909847702","https://openalex.org/W2910597635","https://openalex.org/W2962737505","https://openalex.org/W2964005248","https://openalex.org/W2988359971","https://openalex.org/W2998582523","https://openalex.org/W2999745997","https://openalex.org/W3015609468","https://openalex.org/W3058760796","https://openalex.org/W3080667742","https://openalex.org/W3105504538","https://openalex.org/W3127207655","https://openalex.org/W3138754730","https://openalex.org/W3163246710","https://openalex.org/W3168773799","https://openalex.org/W3170397984","https://openalex.org/W3172890132","https://openalex.org/W3188569078","https://openalex.org/W3215230729","https://openalex.org/W4205993435","https://openalex.org/W4226309815","https://openalex.org/W4285413652","https://openalex.org/W4293183138","https://openalex.org/W4312592002","https://openalex.org/W4313270738","https://openalex.org/W4313887436","https://openalex.org/W4321608472","https://openalex.org/W4385453342","https://openalex.org/W4385625713","https://openalex.org/W4386281092","https://openalex.org/W4386322075","https://openalex.org/W4386450091","https://openalex.org/W4386451546","https://openalex.org/W4386559324","https://openalex.org/W4386590671","https://openalex.org/W4386885103","https://openalex.org/W4388017370","https://openalex.org/W4388709732","https://openalex.org/W4389610149"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2770234245","https://openalex.org/W96612179","https://openalex.org/W4229499248","https://openalex.org/W2566006169","https://openalex.org/W1567818861","https://openalex.org/W2987774938","https://openalex.org/W1990859633"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,27,32,36,70,75,82,103,111,126,132,142,159,163],"development":[2],"of":[3,23,29,38,77,88,105,110,128,162],"satellite":[4,13],"communication":[5,24],"technology,":[6],"satellite-terrestrial":[7],"integrated":[8],"networks":[9,14,45],"(STINs),":[10],"which":[11,101],"integrate":[12],"and":[15,35,68,85],"ground":[16],"networks,":[17],"can":[18,56],"realize":[19],"global":[20],"seamless":[21],"coverage":[22],"services.":[25],"Confronting":[26],"intricacies":[28],"network":[30,60,64,114],"dynamics,":[31],"resource":[33,42,86],"heterogeneity,":[34],"unpredictability":[37],"user":[39],"mobility,":[40],"dynamic":[41],"allocation":[43,87],"within":[44],"faces":[46],"formidable":[47],"challenges.":[48],"Digital":[49],"twin":[50],"(DT),":[51],"as":[52,178],"a":[53,58,62,79,98,122,136,151,172],"new":[54],"technique,":[55],"reflect":[57],"physical":[59,71],"to":[61,65,144,157],"virtual":[63],"monitor,":[66],"analyze,":[67],"optimize":[69],"networks.":[72],"Nevertheless,":[73],"in":[74,118,121,131,141,175],"process":[76],"constructing":[78],"DT":[80,138,164],"model,":[81,100],"deployment":[83,108,139,166],"location":[84],"DTs":[89,117,130],"may":[90],"adversely":[91],"affect":[92],"its":[93],"performance.":[94],"Therefore,":[95],"we":[96,134,149],"propose":[97,135],"STIN":[99,143],"alleviates":[102],"problem":[104,140],"insufficient":[106],"single-layer":[107],"flexibility":[109],"traditional":[112],"edge":[113],"by":[115,180],"deploying":[116,129],"multi-layer":[119,137,165],"nodes":[120],"STIN.":[123],"To":[124],"address":[125],"challenge":[127],"network,":[133],"reduce":[145],"system":[146,176],"delay.":[147],"Then":[148],"adopt":[150],"multi-agent":[152],"reinforcement":[153],"learning":[154],"(MARL)":[155],"scheme":[156,170],"explore":[158],"optimal":[160],"strategy":[161],"problem.":[167],"The":[168],"implemented":[169],"demonstrates":[171],"notable":[173],"reduction":[174],"delay,":[177],"evidenced":[179],"simulation":[181],"outcomes.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
