{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3128560970","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1631/fitee.2000410","title":"Enhanced collection of scattered photons in nonlinear fluorescence microscopy by extended epi-detection with a silicon photomultiplier array","display_name":"Enhanced collection of scattered photons in nonlinear fluorescence microscopy by extended epi-detection with a silicon photomultiplier array","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3128560970","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1631/fitee.2000410","mag":"3128560970"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1631/fitee.2000410","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1631/fitee.2000410","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210189857","display_name":"Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering","issn_l":"2095-9184","issn":["2095-9184","2095-9230"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060778200","display_name":"Ruheng Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7993-708X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruheng Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7993-708X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101051864","display_name":"Cheng Jin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100705181","display_name":"Chi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9784-2359"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062643198","display_name":"Lingjie Kong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8250-7547"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115644","display_name":"Chinese Institute for Brain Research","ror":"https://ror.org/029819q61","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115644"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lingjie Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China","State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8250-7547","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115644","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062643198"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115644","https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2507,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74848956,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"10","first_page":"1289","last_page":"1298"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10540","display_name":"Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10540","display_name":"Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11324","display_name":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12015","display_name":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.7009483575820923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microscopy","display_name":"Microscopy","score":0.6736738085746765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluorescence","display_name":"Fluorescence","score":0.6678918600082397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluorescence-microscope","display_name":"Fluorescence microscope","score":0.6089645028114319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photomultiplier","display_name":"Photomultiplier","score":0.5996186137199402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5475503206253052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microscope","display_name":"Microscope","score":0.5424609184265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5076152086257935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photon","display_name":"Photon","score":0.4999384880065918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluorescence-lifetime-imaging-microscopy","display_name":"Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy","score":0.4667038917541504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.34639793634414673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.34193864464759827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.2012157142162323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.11382371187210083}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.7009483575820923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147080431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074953","display_name":"Microscopy","level":2,"score":0.6736738085746765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91881484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191807","display_name":"Fluorescence","level":2,"score":0.6678918600082397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169274487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840211","display_name":"Fluorescence microscope","level":3,"score":0.6089645028114319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113879476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61897384","display_name":"Photomultiplier","level":3,"score":0.5996186137199402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5475503206253052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67649825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196538","display_name":"Microscope","level":2,"score":0.5424609184265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5076152086257935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159317903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3198","display_name":"Photon","level":2,"score":0.4999384880065918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57477423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434196","display_name":"Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy","level":3,"score":0.4667038917541504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.34639793634414673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.34193864464759827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.2012157142162323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.11382371187210083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1631/fitee.2000410","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1631/fitee.2000410","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210189857","display_name":"Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering","issn_l":"2095-9184","issn":["2095-9184","2095-9230"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976485053","https://openalex.org/W1989718007","https://openalex.org/W1996925654","https://openalex.org/W2012864751","https://openalex.org/W2020476250","https://openalex.org/W2028237285","https://openalex.org/W2040536813","https://openalex.org/W2056335040","https://openalex.org/W2061464631","https://openalex.org/W2072296900","https://openalex.org/W2096138335","https://openalex.org/W2097683070","https://openalex.org/W2108576479","https://openalex.org/W2157033865","https://openalex.org/W2169119609","https://openalex.org/W2308994344","https://openalex.org/W2398733530","https://openalex.org/W2508308454","https://openalex.org/W2583328624","https://openalex.org/W2891794506","https://openalex.org/W2924391642","https://openalex.org/W2990888833","https://openalex.org/W3012324393","https://openalex.org/W3028393458","https://openalex.org/W4249336316"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4211107619","https://openalex.org/W2161433272","https://openalex.org/W4362562564","https://openalex.org/W4248117623","https://openalex.org/W2894139091","https://openalex.org/W4280496049","https://openalex.org/W2100235831","https://openalex.org/W2027597586","https://openalex.org/W2037608610","https://openalex.org/W2269675061"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"maximize":[1],"signal":[2,152],"collection":[3,34,53,82,120],"in":[4,14,22,57,86,115,146],"nonlinear":[5,58,147],"optical":[6],"microscopy,":[7],"non-descanned":[8],"epi-detection":[9,85,137],"is":[10,138],"generally":[11,140],"adopted":[12],"for":[13,144],"vivo":[15],"imaging.":[16],"However,":[17],"because":[18],"of":[19,26,36,54,67,71,91,112],"severe":[20],"scattering":[21],"biological":[23],"samples,":[24],"most":[25],"the":[27,33,52,68,79,87,118],"emitted":[28],"fluorescence":[29,59,81,89,107,148],"photons":[30,56],"go":[31],"beyond":[32],"angles":[35],"objectives":[37],"and":[38,94,100],"thus":[39],"cannot":[40],"be":[41,122],"detected.":[42],"Here,":[43],"we":[44],"propose":[45],"an":[46],"extended":[47,84,136],"detection":[48],"scheme":[49],"to":[50,77,150],"enhance":[51,151],"scattered":[55],"microscopy":[60,149],"using":[61],"a":[62,110,129,139],"silicon":[63],"photomultiplier":[64],"array":[65],"ahead":[66],"front":[69],"apertures":[70],"objectives.":[72],"We":[73,133],"perform":[74],"numerical":[75],"simulations":[76],"demonstrate":[78],"enhanced":[80],"via":[83],"multi-photon":[88],"imaging":[90],"human":[92,116],"skin":[93],"mouse":[95],"brain":[96],"through":[97],"craniotomy":[98],"windows":[99],"intact":[101],"skulls.":[102],"For":[103],"example,":[104],"with":[105,128],"red":[106],"emission":[108],"at":[109],"depth":[111],"600":[113],"\u00b5m":[114],"skin,":[117],"increased":[119],"can":[121],"as":[123,125],"much":[124],"about":[126],"150%":[127],"10\u00d7,":[130],"0.6-NA":[131],"objective.":[132],"show":[134],"that":[135],"applicable,":[141],"feasible":[142],"technique":[143],"use":[145],"detection.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}