{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3114283322","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1631/fitee.1900679","title":"Target tracking methods based on a signal-to-noise ratio model","display_name":"Target tracking methods based on a signal-to-noise ratio model","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3114283322","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1631/fitee.1900679","mag":"3114283322"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1631/fitee.1900679","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1631/fitee.1900679","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210189857","display_name":"Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering","issn_l":"2095-9184","issn":["2095-9184","2095-9230"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers of Information Technology &amp; Electronic Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101397326","display_name":"Dai Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7794-6468"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097119","display_name":"PLA Electronic Engineering Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00z0n4g71","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097119"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dai Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Lab of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, 710071, China","Xi\u2019an Electronic Engineering Research Institute, Xi\u2019an, 710100, China","National Lab of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710071, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7794-6468","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Lab of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi\u2019an Electronic Engineering Research Institute, Xi\u2019an, 710100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097119"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Lab of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012445708","display_name":"Yongbo Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6453-0786"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yong-bo Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Lab of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, 710071, China","National Lab of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710071, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6453-0786","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Lab of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Lab of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036701029","display_name":"Zi-qiao Yuan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097119","display_name":"PLA Electronic Engineering Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00z0n4g71","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097119"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zi-qiao Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi\u2019an Electronic Engineering Research Institute, Xi\u2019an, 710100, China","Xi'an Electronic Engineering Research Institute, Xi'an, 710100, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi\u2019an Electronic Engineering Research Institute, Xi\u2019an, 710100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097119"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Electronic Engineering Research Institute, Xi'an, 710100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097119"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062771216","display_name":"Jie-tao Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097119","display_name":"PLA Electronic Engineering Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00z0n4g71","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097119"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie-tao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi\u2019an Electronic Engineering Research Institute, Xi\u2019an, 710100, China","Xi'an Electronic Engineering Research Institute, Xi'an, 710100, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi\u2019an Electronic Engineering Research Institute, Xi\u2019an, 710100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097119"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Electronic Engineering Research Institute, Xi'an, 710100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097119"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043011772","display_name":"Guo-ji Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097119","display_name":"PLA Electronic Engineering Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00z0n4g71","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097119"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guo-ji Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi\u2019an Electronic Engineering Research Institute, Xi\u2019an, 710100, China","Xi'an Electronic Engineering Research Institute, Xi'an, 710100, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi\u2019an Electronic Engineering Research Institute, Xi\u2019an, 710100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097119"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Electronic Engineering Research Institute, Xi'an, 710100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097119"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012445708"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.402,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72058134,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"12","first_page":"1804","last_page":"1814"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.9865000247955322,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12879","display_name":"Distributed Sensor Networks and Detection Algorithms","score":0.9596999883651733,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extended-kalman-filter","display_name":"Extended Kalman filter","score":0.7812442779541016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.6378896832466125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.6196891069412231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6115267276763916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.5275948643684387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5015621185302734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.4782611131668091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.4743187129497528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/invariant-extended-kalman-filter","display_name":"Invariant extended Kalman filter","score":0.463933527469635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.4530985355377197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.43360787630081177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.42678138613700867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.38093101978302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2624973654747009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.20406046509742737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1227896511554718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07922255992889404}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206833254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421817","display_name":"Extended Kalman filter","level":3,"score":0.7812442779541016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.6378896832466125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.6196891069412231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6115267276763916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.5275948643684387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5015621185302734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4782611131668091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4743187129497528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8639503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6059511","display_name":"Invariant extended Kalman filter","level":4,"score":0.463933527469635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.4530985355377197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.43360787630081177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.42678138613700867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.38093101978302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2624973654747009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.20406046509742737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1227896511554718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07922255992889404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1631/fitee.1900679","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1631/fitee.1900679","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210189857","display_name":"Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering","issn_l":"2095-9184","issn":["2095-9184","2095-9230"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers of Information Technology &amp; Electronic Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1538006934","https://openalex.org/W1977481324","https://openalex.org/W1982972967","https://openalex.org/W1985234121","https://openalex.org/W1993520254","https://openalex.org/W2014824383","https://openalex.org/W2026964677","https://openalex.org/W2027505626","https://openalex.org/W2044341216","https://openalex.org/W2045536223","https://openalex.org/W2050970093","https://openalex.org/W2053761129","https://openalex.org/W2095616553","https://openalex.org/W2102402199","https://openalex.org/W2115465297","https://openalex.org/W2147735354","https://openalex.org/W2150139831","https://openalex.org/W2337876856","https://openalex.org/W2587573003","https://openalex.org/W2624923930","https://openalex.org/W2801845832","https://openalex.org/W2808072442","https://openalex.org/W2894840253","https://openalex.org/W2902674153","https://openalex.org/W2905518655","https://openalex.org/W2908799008","https://openalex.org/W3100397876"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2162299404","https://openalex.org/W2103062922","https://openalex.org/W1035502194","https://openalex.org/W2182059946","https://openalex.org/W2164404293","https://openalex.org/W4206024512","https://openalex.org/W2966342863","https://openalex.org/W2483158495","https://openalex.org/W2053335193","https://openalex.org/W4300476109"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,24],"traditional":[1,145],"target":[2,60,129,149],"tracking":[3,130,141,146,150],"methods,":[4],"the":[5,15,27,39,54,69,76,81,88,99,108,117,134,140,156],"angle":[6,28],"error":[7,10,29,32],"and":[8,30,80,101,116,152],"range":[9,31],"are":[11,33,36,92],"often":[12],"measured":[13],"by":[14,38],"empirical":[16],"value,":[17],"while":[18],"observation":[19],"noise":[20],"is":[21,57,95],"a":[22,44],"constant.":[23],"this":[25],"paper,":[26],"analyzed.":[34],"They":[35],"influenced":[37],"signal-to-noise":[40],"ratio":[41],"(SNR).":[42],"Therefore,":[43],"model":[45,78,90,136],"related":[46],"to":[47],"SNR":[48,55,77,89,135],"has":[49,111,120],"been":[50],"established,":[51],"in":[52,104,113,122],"which":[53],"information":[56],"applied":[58],"for":[59],"tracking.":[61],"Combined":[62],"with":[63,144],"an":[64],"advanced":[65],"nonlinear":[66],"filter":[67,72,84],"method,":[68],"extended":[70],"Kalman":[71,83],"method":[73,85,110,119],"based":[74,86,132],"on":[75,87,133],"(SNR-EKF)":[79],"unscented":[82],"(SNR-UKF)":[91],"proposed.":[93],"There":[94],"little":[96],"difference":[97],"between":[98],"SNR-EKF":[100,109],"SNR-UKF":[102,118],"methods":[103,131,158],"position":[105],"precision,":[106],"but":[107],"advantages":[112,121],"computation":[114],"time":[115],"velocity":[123],"precision.":[124],"Simulation":[125],"results":[126],"show":[127],"that":[128],"can":[137],"greatly":[138],"improve":[139],"performance":[142],"compared":[143],"methods.":[147],"The":[148],"accuracy":[151],"convergence":[153],"speed":[154],"of":[155],"proposed":[157],"have":[159],"significant":[160],"improvements.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-31T08:31:51.225901","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
