{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2733338830","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1631/fitee.1601832","title":"Joint cooperative beamforming and artificial noise design for secure AF relay networks with energy-harvesting eavesdroppers","display_name":"Joint cooperative beamforming and artificial noise design for secure AF relay networks with energy-harvesting eavesdroppers","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2733338830","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1631/fitee.1601832","mag":"2733338830"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1631/fitee.1601832","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1631/fitee.1601832","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210189857","display_name":"Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering","issn_l":"2095-9184","issn":["2095-9184","2095-9230"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073093512","display_name":"Hehao Niu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-3482"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"He-hao Niu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Communications Engineering, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210007, China","College of Communications Engineering, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communications Engineering, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210007, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communications Engineering, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041708941","display_name":"Bangning Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6670-7426"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bang-ning Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Communications Engineering, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210007, China","College of Communications Engineering, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communications Engineering, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210007, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communications Engineering, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074512155","display_name":"Daoxing Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1544-6921"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dao-xing Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Communications Engineering, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210007, China","College of Communications Engineering, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communications Engineering, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210007, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communications Engineering, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034586871","display_name":"Yuzhen Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9536-7918"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-zhen Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Communications Engineering, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210007, China","College of Communications Engineering, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communications Engineering, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210007, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communications Engineering, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054085523","display_name":"Mingyue Lu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming-yue Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Communications Engineering, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210007, China","College of Communications Engineering, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communications Engineering, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210007, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communications Engineering, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041708941"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1122,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.49853755,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"6","first_page":"850","last_page":"862"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-noise","display_name":"Artificial noise","score":0.9497778415679932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7951164245605469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7118034958839417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay","display_name":"Relay","score":0.6412948966026306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.6349737644195557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5703310966491699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.5326129198074341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-power-transfer-theorem","display_name":"Maximum power transfer theorem","score":0.5324358344078064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jamming","display_name":"Jamming","score":0.4959751069545746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.4506610929965973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secure-communication","display_name":"Secure communication","score":0.44288474321365356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relaxation","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","score":0.43204256892204285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.41640400886535645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.410469651222229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3915424942970276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.38945966958999634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3749111592769623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2136981189250946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.14966991543769836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13100570440292358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12625831365585327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.11962330341339111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.10388845205307007}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780909371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4801092","display_name":"Artificial noise","level":4,"score":0.9497778415679932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7951164245605469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7118034958839417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.6412948966026306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.6349737644195557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5703310966491699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.5326129198074341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186554","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17103352","display_name":"Maximum power transfer theorem","level":3,"score":0.5324358344078064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779079576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092823","display_name":"Jamming","level":2,"score":0.4959751069545746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.4506610929965973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C510870077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7444868","display_name":"Secure communication","level":3,"score":0.44288474321365356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935810","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.43204256892204285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.41640400886535645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.410469651222229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3915424942970276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.38945966958999634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3749111592769623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2136981189250946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.14966991543769836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13100570440292358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12625831365585327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.11962330341339111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10388845205307007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1631/fitee.1601832","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1631/fitee.1601832","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210189857","display_name":"Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering","issn_l":"2095-9184","issn":["2095-9184","2095-9230"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.800000011920929,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W151604921","https://openalex.org/W1514829034","https://openalex.org/W1539438982","https://openalex.org/W1786545242","https://openalex.org/W1984540590","https://openalex.org/W1992656353","https://openalex.org/W1996215314","https://openalex.org/W1997770298","https://openalex.org/W2012031054","https://openalex.org/W2021471051","https://openalex.org/W2027287418","https://openalex.org/W2032372805","https://openalex.org/W2040317577","https://openalex.org/W2046906023","https://openalex.org/W2051975632","https://openalex.org/W2052400556","https://openalex.org/W2054692642","https://openalex.org/W2060695112","https://openalex.org/W2094240817","https://openalex.org/W2096151870","https://openalex.org/W2098494574","https://openalex.org/W2103063389","https://openalex.org/W2156577211","https://openalex.org/W2163360389","https://openalex.org/W2218552649","https://openalex.org/W2246456425","https://openalex.org/W2296319761","https://openalex.org/W2340550229","https://openalex.org/W2343272313","https://openalex.org/W2350167977","https://openalex.org/W2368975782","https://openalex.org/W2399759384","https://openalex.org/W2403652205","https://openalex.org/W2418032643","https://openalex.org/W2530352193","https://openalex.org/W2569395685","https://openalex.org/W2585930812","https://openalex.org/W2761087823","https://openalex.org/W2764170017","https://openalex.org/W2939145039","https://openalex.org/W2963791781","https://openalex.org/W3099804988","https://openalex.org/W3140237831","https://openalex.org/W4212799681","https://openalex.org/W4233750639","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W6606130465"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2972424885","https://openalex.org/W2104478100","https://openalex.org/W2107866095","https://openalex.org/W1680452241","https://openalex.org/W2097805107","https://openalex.org/W2051457655","https://openalex.org/W2561179371","https://openalex.org/W2079533137","https://openalex.org/W3036307543","https://openalex.org/W2551856726"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,59,106],"investigate":[4],"physical":[5],"layer":[6],"security":[7],"for":[8,30],"simultaneous":[9],"wireless":[10,35,88],"information":[11,55,76],"and":[12,26,33,48,73,86,102,117],"power":[13,81,89],"transfer":[14],"in":[15],"amplify-and-forward":[16],"relay":[17],"networks.":[18],"We":[19],"propose":[20,107],"a":[21,45,98,108,114],"joint":[22],"robust":[23,126],"cooperative":[24],"beamforming":[25],"artificial":[27],"noise":[28],"scheme":[29,127],"secure":[31],"communication":[32],"efficient":[34],"energy":[36,42,94],"transfer.":[37],"Specifically,":[38],"by":[39],"treating":[40],"the":[41,66,71,74,80,84,87,93,124],"receiver":[43,77],"as":[44],"potential":[46],"eavesdropper":[47],"assuming":[49],"that":[50,123],"only":[51],"imperfect":[52],"channel":[53],"state":[54],"can":[56],"be":[57],"obtained,":[58],"formulate":[60],"an":[61],"optimization":[62,110],"problem":[63,99],"to":[64,104],"maximize":[65],"worst-case":[67,130],"secrecy":[68,131],"rate":[69,132],"between":[70],"source":[72],"legitimate":[75],"under":[78],"both":[79],"constraint":[82,91],"at":[83,92],"relays":[85],"harvest":[90],"receiver.":[95],"Since":[96],"such":[97],"is":[100],"non-convex":[101],"hard":[103],"tackle,":[105],"two-level":[109],"approach":[111],"which":[112],"involves":[113],"one-dimensional":[115],"search":[116],"semidefinite":[118],"relaxation.":[119],"Simulation":[120],"results":[121],"show":[122],"proposed":[125],"achieves":[128],"better":[129],"performance":[133],"than":[134],"other":[135],"schemes.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-31T08:31:51.225901","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}