{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409346526","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v39i2.32130","title":"Towards Accurate Binary Spiking Neural Networks: Learning with Adaptive Gradient Modulation Mechanism","display_name":"Towards Accurate Binary Spiking Neural Networks: Learning with Adaptive Gradient Modulation Mechanism","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409346526","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v39i2.32130"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v39i2.32130","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v39i2.32130","pdf_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/download/32130/34285","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/download/32130/34285","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109555305","display_name":"Liang Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yu Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041639029","display_name":"Wenjie Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7753-2948"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjie Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042364148","display_name":"Ammar Belatreche","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1927-9366"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32394136","display_name":"Northumbria University","ror":"https://ror.org/049e6bc10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ammar Belatreche","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northumbria University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northumbria University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103986115","display_name":"Honglin Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7851-3810"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Honglin Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102944236","display_name":"Zijian Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3315-3962"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zijian Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074750148","display_name":"Shuai Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8895-5199"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuai Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031886937","display_name":"Malu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2345-0974"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Malu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100397644","display_name":"Yang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6297-5722"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109555305"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.2906,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94776119,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"2","first_page":"1402","last_page":"1410"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanism","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","score":0.7077529430389404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.5890177488327026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5685259699821472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5591282844543457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.4881058633327484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.46903571486473083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.3522890508174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3353457748889923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.16523119807243347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.15369361639022827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1483338177204132}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.7077529430389404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.5890177488327026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5685259699821472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5591282844543457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.4881058633327484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46903571486473083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.3522890508174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3353457748889923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.16523119807243347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.15369361639022827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1483338177204132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v39i2.32130","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v39i2.32130","pdf_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/download/32130/34285","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v39i2.32130","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v39i2.32130","pdf_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/download/32130/34285","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1294623083","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62220106008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2464018058","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U20B2063","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5706525165","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62106038","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409346526.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409346526.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2382997850","https://openalex.org/W2390968135","https://openalex.org/W2382213751","https://openalex.org/W2351750670","https://openalex.org/W1597848696","https://openalex.org/W2354715126","https://openalex.org/W2388563748","https://openalex.org/W2375179084","https://openalex.org/W2366646518","https://openalex.org/W2370906336"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Binary":[0],"Spiking":[1],"Neural":[2],"Networks":[3],"(BSNNs)":[4],"inherit":[5],"the":[6,14,42,66,72,95,104,107,126],"event-driven":[7],"paradigm":[8],"of":[9,18,65,97],"SNNs,":[10],"while":[11],"also":[12],"adopting":[13],"reduced":[15],"storage":[16,157],"burden":[17],"binarization":[19],"techniques.":[20],"These":[21],"distinct":[22],"advantages":[23],"grant":[24],"BSNNs":[25,52,115,129],"lightweight":[26],"and":[27,46,121,130,140,143,159],"energy-efficient":[28],"characteristics,":[29],"rendering":[30],"them":[31,166],"ideal":[32],"for":[33,68,169],"deployment":[34],"on":[35,137],"resource-constrained":[36,170],"edge":[37],"devices.":[38],"However,":[39],"due":[40],"to":[41,93,116],"binary":[43],"synaptic":[44],"weights":[45],"non-differentiable":[47],"spike":[48],"function,":[49],"effectively":[50,124],"training":[51],"remains":[53],"an":[54,62,84],"open":[55],"question.":[56],"In":[57],"this":[58,80],"paper,":[59],"we":[60,82],"conduct":[61],"in-depth":[63],"analysis":[64],"challenge":[67],"BSNN":[69],"learning,":[70],"namely":[71],"frequent":[73],"weight":[74,98],"sign":[75,99],"flipping":[76,100],"problem.":[77],"To":[78],"mitigate":[79],"issue,":[81],"propose":[83],"Adaptive":[85],"Gradient":[86],"Modulation":[87],"Mechanism":[88],"(AGMM),":[89],"which":[90],"is":[91],"designed":[92],"reduce":[94],"frequency":[96],"by":[101],"adaptively":[102],"adjusting":[103],"gradients":[105],"during":[106],"learning":[108],"process.":[109],"The":[110],"proposed":[111],"AGMM":[112,136],"can":[113],"enable":[114],"achieve":[117],"faster":[118],"convergence":[119],"speed":[120],"higher":[122],"accuracy,":[123],"narrowing":[125],"gap":[127],"between":[128],"their":[131],"full-precision":[132],"equivalents.":[133],"We":[134],"validate":[135],"both":[138],"static":[139],"neuromorphic":[141],"datasets,":[142],"results":[144,150],"indicate":[145],"that":[146],"it":[147],"achieves":[148],"state-of-the-art":[149],"among":[151],"BSNNs.":[152],"This":[153],"work":[154],"substantially":[155],"reduces":[156],"demands":[158],"enhances":[160],"SNNs'":[161],"inherent":[162],"energy":[163],"efficiency,":[164],"making":[165],"highly":[167],"feasible":[168],"environments.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-23T09:07:50.710637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
