{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4382240787","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i1.25148","title":"ShadowFormer: Global Context Helps Shadow Removal","display_name":"ShadowFormer: Global Context Helps Shadow Removal","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4382240787","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i1.25148"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v37i1.25148","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i1.25148","pdf_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/download/25148/24920","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/download/25148/24920","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101553481","display_name":"Lanqing Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9452-4723"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lanqing Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021639720","display_name":"Siyu Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2929-0115"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801851002","display_name":"Harvard University Press","ror":"https://ror.org/006v7bf86","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siyu Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100456725","display_name":"Ding Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0931-1345"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ding Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bytedance"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bytedance","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100406787","display_name":"Hao Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3254-4796"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024709593","display_name":"Bihan Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6874-6453"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bihan Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.261,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":88,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98544753,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"1","first_page":"710","last_page":"718"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.984000027179718,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.984000027179718,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.982699990272522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9801999926567078,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shadow","display_name":"Shadow (psychology)","score":0.7543774843215942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.663709819316864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.629231870174408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.6273193359375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5575670003890991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottleneck","display_name":"Bottleneck","score":0.5539485812187195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5166668891906738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.1745189130306244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.10283738374710083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.10193008184432983}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117797892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286363","display_name":"Shadow (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7543774843215942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.663709819316864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.629231870174408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.6273193359375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5575670003890991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.5539485812187195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5166668891906738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1745189130306244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.10283738374710083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.10193008184432983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v37i1.25148","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i1.25148","pdf_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/download/25148/24920","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs.aaai.org:article/25148","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/view/25148","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2159-5399","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v37i1.25148","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i1.25148","pdf_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/download/25148/24920","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.6499999761581421,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3048563442","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Tier 1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320766","funder_display_name":"Nanyang Technological University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320766","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322724","display_name":"Ministry of Education, India","ror":"https://ror.org/048xjjh50"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4382240787.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1432573875","https://openalex.org/W1541667274","https://openalex.org/W1864774065","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1967913888","https://openalex.org/W1997057955","https://openalex.org/W2076205488","https://openalex.org/W2123009513","https://openalex.org/W2130210787","https://openalex.org/W2143373691","https://openalex.org/W2149354762","https://openalex.org/W2549139847","https://openalex.org/W2740832349","https://openalex.org/W2765946592","https://openalex.org/W2771722369","https://openalex.org/W2801375052","https://openalex.org/W2908510526","https://openalex.org/W2963014378","https://openalex.org/W2963263347","https://openalex.org/W2964800319","https://openalex.org/W2967345019","https://openalex.org/W2989899624","https://openalex.org/W2991524597","https://openalex.org/W2997322677","https://openalex.org/W2997378071","https://openalex.org/W2998154526","https://openalex.org/W3094502228","https://openalex.org/W3104943862","https://openalex.org/W3115300452","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W3171125843","https://openalex.org/W3176932505","https://openalex.org/W3178473828","https://openalex.org/W3195344728","https://openalex.org/W3202215329","https://openalex.org/W3204478975","https://openalex.org/W3206516528","https://openalex.org/W3207918547","https://openalex.org/W3213867703","https://openalex.org/W4214552968","https://openalex.org/W4226113773","https://openalex.org/W4283815594","https://openalex.org/W4286750616","https://openalex.org/W4287203089","https://openalex.org/W4309845474","https://openalex.org/W4311398044","https://openalex.org/W4312812783","https://openalex.org/W4313022653","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4386066096","https://openalex.org/W4386076560","https://openalex.org/W6628596838","https://openalex.org/W6642413183","https://openalex.org/W6649598404","https://openalex.org/W6669724896","https://openalex.org/W6743731764","https://openalex.org/W6767255529","https://openalex.org/W6786585107","https://openalex.org/W6790810604","https://openalex.org/W6794053914","https://openalex.org/W6800644131","https://openalex.org/W6800689796","https://openalex.org/W6838768490"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2317337758","https://openalex.org/W3014708372","https://openalex.org/W3177406559","https://openalex.org/W2041408572","https://openalex.org/W1497780831","https://openalex.org/W2096492340","https://openalex.org/W2357262985","https://openalex.org/W3006419044","https://openalex.org/W1999949837","https://openalex.org/W2034462085"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"deep":[1,51],"learning":[2],"methods":[3],"have":[4],"achieved":[5],"promising":[6],"results":[7],"in":[8,28,121],"image":[9],"shadow":[10,23,33,41,52,62,74,92,132],"removal.":[11],"However,":[12],"most":[13],"of":[14],"the":[15,32,50,57,105,122,128,152],"existing":[16],"approaches":[17],"focus":[18],"on":[19,109,140],"working":[20],"locally":[21],"within":[22],"and":[24,42,63,133,148],"non-shadow":[25,43,64,88,134],"regions,":[26],"resulting":[27],"severe":[29],"artifacts":[30],"around":[31],"boundaries":[34],"as":[35,37],"well":[36],"inconsistent":[38],"illumination":[39],"between":[40,61,131],"regions.":[44,65,135],"It":[45],"is":[46,100],"still":[47],"challenging":[48],"for":[49],"removal":[53],"model":[54,127,166],"to":[55,86,90,102,125,150,163],"exploit":[56,87],"global":[58,106],"contextual":[59],"correlation":[60,130],"In":[66],"this":[67],"work,":[68],"we":[69,78,111],"first":[70],"propose":[71,112],"a":[72,80,113],"Retinex-based":[73],"model,":[75],"from":[76],"which":[77],"derive":[79],"novel":[81],"transformer-based":[82],"network,":[83],"dubbed":[84],"ShandowFormer,":[85],"regions":[89],"help":[91],"region":[93],"restoration.":[94],"A":[95],"multi-scale":[96],"channel":[97],"attention":[98],"framework":[99],"employed":[101],"hierarchically":[103],"capture":[104],"information.":[107],"Based":[108],"that,":[110],"Shadow-Interaction":[114,118],"Module":[115],"(SIM)":[116],"with":[117],"Attention":[119],"(SIA)":[120],"bottleneck":[123],"stage":[124],"effectively":[126],"context":[129],"We":[136],"conduct":[137],"extensive":[138],"experiments":[139],"three":[141],"popular":[142],"public":[143],"datasets,":[144],"including":[145],"ISTD,":[146],"ISTD+,":[147],"SRD,":[149],"evaluate":[151],"proposed":[153],"method.":[154],"Our":[155],"method":[156],"achieves":[157],"state-of-the-art":[158],"performance":[159],"by":[160],"using":[161],"up":[162],"150X":[164],"fewer":[165],"parameters.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-08-12T21:12:35.861297","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}