{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4283800079","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i11.21505","title":"Contribution-Aware Federated Learning for Smart Healthcare","display_name":"Contribution-Aware Federated Learning for Smart Healthcare","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4283800079","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i11.21505"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v36i11.21505","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i11.21505","pdf_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/download/21505/21254","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/download/21505/21254","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025770030","display_name":"Zelei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1236-531X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zelei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100437870","display_name":"Yuanyuan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1886-3061"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanyuan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017339916","display_name":"Yansong Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yansong Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064069283","display_name":"Han Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6893-8650"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Han Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100356161","display_name":"Yang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3800-3533"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013497352","display_name":"Renyi Bao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144487","display_name":"Cloud Computing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04aa0zm65","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144487"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Renyi Bao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yidu Cloud Technology Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yidu Cloud Technology Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144487"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076760331","display_name":"Jinpeng Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4001-0858"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144487","display_name":"Cloud Computing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04aa0zm65","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144487"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinpeng Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yidu Cloud Technology Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yidu Cloud Technology Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144487"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047496977","display_name":"Zaiqing Nie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1134-2343"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zaiqing Nie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100461059","display_name":"Qian Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5690-0583"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145740","display_name":"West Bengal Electronics Industry Development Corporation Limited (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/03y350s17","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145740"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qian Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["WeBank"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WeBank","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145740"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100636286","display_name":"Qiang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5059-8360"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["WeBank\nHong Kong University of Science and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WeBank\nHong Kong University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025770030"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.8267,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":81,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98139905,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"11","first_page":"12396","last_page":"12404"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/federated-learning","display_name":"Federated learning","score":0.8011630773544312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.7845030426979065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6994565725326538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/healthcare-industry","display_name":"Healthcare industry","score":0.6652176976203918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.6030888557434082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5902165174484253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.5772016644477844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.5437234044075012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-data","display_name":"Big data","score":0.5060848593711853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.4767207205295563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.46583929657936096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.40945369005203247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3839108347892761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.21462967991828918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.18346884846687317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.17437678575515747}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992525071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50818671","display_name":"Federated learning","level":2,"score":0.8011630773544312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.7845030426979065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6994565725326538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989086416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15067276","display_name":"Healthcare industry","level":3,"score":0.6652176976203918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.6030888557434082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5902165174484253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.5772016644477844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.5437234044075012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.5060848593711853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4767207205295563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.46583929657936096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.40945369005203247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3839108347892761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.21462967991828918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.18346884846687317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.17437678575515747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v36i11.21505","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i11.21505","pdf_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/download/21505/21254","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-125140","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.scopus.com/record/display.url?eid=2-s2.0-85147607998&origin=inward","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v36i11.21505","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i11.21505","pdf_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/download/21505/21254","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6200000047683716,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1283425618","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018AAA0101100","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1958612786","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AISG2-RP-2020-019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2667749827","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AISG2-RP-2020-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320709","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation Singapore"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3133704174","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. 2018AAA0101100","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3637000134","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-NRFI05-2019-0002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320709","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation Singapore"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G478423709","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AISG2-RP-2020-019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320709","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation Singapore"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G669923922","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"A20G8b0102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320709","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation Singapore"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G830309883","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No. 2018AAA0101100","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320709","display_name":"National Research Foundation Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/03cpyc314"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283800079.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4283800079.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1604936042","https://openalex.org/W1905554003","https://openalex.org/W2129633982","https://openalex.org/W2541884796","https://openalex.org/W2921189944","https://openalex.org/W2939984132","https://openalex.org/W2949574275","https://openalex.org/W2966683668","https://openalex.org/W3000514287","https://openalex.org/W3008477738","https://openalex.org/W3033511014","https://openalex.org/W3037913917","https://openalex.org/W3045674654","https://openalex.org/W3085542770","https://openalex.org/W3086590218","https://openalex.org/W3100779497","https://openalex.org/W3108051446","https://openalex.org/W3109000088","https://openalex.org/W3109723249","https://openalex.org/W3113399950","https://openalex.org/W3118608800","https://openalex.org/W3164573547","https://openalex.org/W3164712068","https://openalex.org/W3175831712","https://openalex.org/W3197552266","https://openalex.org/W3198837878","https://openalex.org/W3206887799","https://openalex.org/W3216622643","https://openalex.org/W4287021126","https://openalex.org/W4294106961","https://openalex.org/W4300213088","https://openalex.org/W4318619660","https://openalex.org/W6722226382","https://openalex.org/W6768964202","https://openalex.org/W6774127742","https://openalex.org/W6782279888","https://openalex.org/W6786454167","https://openalex.org/W6807767519"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W96612179","https://openalex.org/W2770234245","https://openalex.org/W2987774938","https://openalex.org/W2566006169","https://openalex.org/W4390608645","https://openalex.org/W3203418880","https://openalex.org/W2402418463","https://openalex.org/W4200006435","https://openalex.org/W2900335827","https://openalex.org/W4283800079"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Artificial":[0],"intelligence":[1],"(AI)":[2],"is":[3,24,176,185],"a":[4],"promising":[5],"technology":[6],"to":[7,13,27,83,89,104,111,114,139,171],"transform":[8],"the":[9,14,40,67,99,106,154,161,165,172,186,194],"healthcare":[10,32,141,195],"industry.":[11,196],"Due":[12],"highly":[15],"sensitive":[16],"nature":[17],"of":[18,43,164],"patient":[19],"data,":[20,96],"federated":[21,189],"learning":[22,190],"(FL)":[23],"often":[25],"leveraged":[26],"build":[28,140],"models":[29,110,167],"for":[30,73,116],"smart":[31,74],"applications.":[33],"Existing":[34],"deployed":[35,192],"FL":[36,86,100,117],"frameworks":[37],"cannot":[38],"address":[39],"key":[41],"issues":[42],"varying":[44],"data":[45,49],"quality":[46],"and":[47,65,80,97,158],"heterogeneous":[48],"distributions":[50],"across":[51],"multiple":[52],"institutions":[53,136],"in":[54,122,127,137,178,193],"this":[55,58],"sector.":[56],"In":[57],"paper,":[59],"we":[60],"report":[61],"our":[62,182],"experience":[63],"developing":[64],"deploying":[66],"Contribution-Aware":[68],"Federated":[69],"Learning":[70],"(CAFL)":[71],"framework":[72],"healthcare.":[75],"It":[76,145],"provides":[77],"an":[78],"efficient":[79],"accurate":[81],"approach":[82],"fairly":[84],"evaluate":[85],"participants'":[87],"contribution":[88,148],"model":[90,101],"performance":[91],"without":[92],"exposing":[93],"their":[94],"private":[95],"improves":[98],"training":[102],"protocol":[103],"allow":[105],"best":[107,155],"performing":[108],"intermediate":[109],"be":[112],"distributed":[113],"participants":[115],"training.":[118],"Since":[119],"its":[120],"deployment":[121],"Yidu":[123],"Cloud":[124],"Technology":[125],"Inc.":[126],"March":[128],"2021,":[129],"CAFL":[130],"has":[131,159],"served":[132],"8":[133],"well-established":[134],"medical":[135],"China":[138],"decision":[142],"support":[143],"models.":[144],"can":[146],"perform":[147],"evaluations":[149],"2.84":[150],"times":[151],"faster":[152],"than":[153],"existing":[156],"approach,":[157],"improved":[160],"average":[162],"accuracy":[163],"resulting":[166],"by":[168],"2.62%":[169],"compared":[170],"previous":[173],"system":[174],"(which":[175],"significant":[177],"industrial":[179],"settings).":[180],"To":[181],"knowledge,":[183],"it":[184],"first":[187],"contribution-aware":[188],"successfully":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}