{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404187830","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaaiss.v4i1.31828","title":"Towards an AI-Driven Cyber-Physical System for Closed-Loop Control of Plant Diseases","display_name":"Towards an AI-Driven Cyber-Physical System for Closed-Loop Control of Plant Diseases","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404187830","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaaiss.v4i1.31828"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaaiss.v4i1.31828","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaaiss.v4i1.31828","pdf_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI-SS/article/download/31828/33995","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4389157828","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Symposium Series","issn_l":"2994-4317","issn":["2994-4317"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Symposium Series","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI-SS/article/download/31828/33995","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016610643","display_name":"Abhisesh Silwal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1710-6704"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abhisesh Silwal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotic Institute, Carnegie Mellon University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotic Institute, Carnegie Mellon University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101491990","display_name":"Xuemei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3912-5295"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuemei M. Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114570576","display_name":"Thomas M Hadlock","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Hadlock","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114570577","display_name":"Jacob Neice","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacob Neice","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Shadab Haque","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shadab Haque","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114570578","display_name":"Adwait Kaundanya","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adwait Kaundanya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038002204","display_name":"Chang\u2010Tien Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3675-0199"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chang Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060057246","display_name":"Boris A. Vinatzer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4612-225X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boris A. Vinatzer","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067346459","display_name":"George Kantor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7088-8533"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George Kantor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotic Institute, Carnegie Mellon University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotic Institute, Carnegie Mellon University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100774506","display_name":"Li Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2724-5812"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Song Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.873,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74876847,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":"432","last_page":"435"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10494","display_name":"Plant Virus Research Studies","score":0.9641000032424927,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10494","display_name":"Plant Virus Research Studies","score":0.9641000032424927,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12093","display_name":"Greenhouse Technology and Climate Control","score":0.92330002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11436","display_name":"Entomopathogenic Microorganisms in Pest Control","score":0.9034000039100647,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.7582526803016663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/loop","display_name":"Loop (graph theory)","score":0.5692646503448486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.5114747285842896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/closed-loop","display_name":"Closed loop","score":0.45543843507766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-in-the-loop","display_name":"Human-in-the-loop","score":0.4475121796131134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4426327347755432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-system","display_name":"Control system","score":0.4389289319515228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.37929463386535645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.3613240718841553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.30678558349609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.25462809205055237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.23479625582695007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13095414638519287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.12878364324569702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.08863335847854614}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.7582526803016663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184670325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q512604","display_name":"Loop (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.5692646503448486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.5114747285842896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019251811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5135346","display_name":"Closed loop","level":2,"score":0.45543843507766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780626000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5936775","display_name":"Human-in-the-loop","level":2,"score":0.4475121796131134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4426327347755432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.4389289319515228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.37929463386535645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.3613240718841553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.30678558349609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.25462809205055237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.23479625582695007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13095414638519287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.12878364324569702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.08863335847854614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaaiss.v4i1.31828","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaaiss.v4i1.31828","pdf_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI-SS/article/download/31828/33995","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4389157828","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Symposium Series","issn_l":"2994-4317","issn":["2994-4317"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Symposium Series","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaaiss.v4i1.31828","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaaiss.v4i1.31828","pdf_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI-SS/article/download/31828/33995","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4389157828","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Symposium Series","issn_l":"2994-4317","issn":["2994-4317"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Symposium Series","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6455654904","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021-67021-34343","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306114","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306114","display_name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4404187830.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4404187830.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4367173559","https://openalex.org/W2322335058","https://openalex.org/W2259382430","https://openalex.org/W2397460850","https://openalex.org/W4322484979","https://openalex.org/W2612895087","https://openalex.org/W2955562114","https://openalex.org/W2066899132","https://openalex.org/W2541326935","https://openalex.org/W2365810129"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Plant":[0],"diseases":[1,20],"are":[2],"a":[3,36,60,78,100],"major":[4,41,91],"biosecurity":[5],"threat":[6],"to":[7,34,55,63,76],"food":[8],"production":[9],"and":[10,16,25,59,98],"the":[11,90],"bio-energy":[12],"industry.":[13],"Early":[14],"detection":[15],"control":[17,77,105],"of":[18,67],"plant":[19,57],"can":[21],"improve":[22],"producers\u2019":[23],"profitability":[24],"reduce":[26],"environmental":[27],"impacts":[28],"from":[29],"chemical":[30],"inputs.":[31],"We":[32],"proposed":[33],"develop":[35],"cyber-physical":[37],"system":[38,46,54,73],"with":[39],"three":[40],"components:":[42],"an":[43,51],"AI-driven":[44],"imaging":[45],"for":[47,69],"early":[48],"stress":[49],"detection,":[50],"autonomous":[52],"robotic":[53],"collect":[56],"samples,":[58],"sequencing":[61],"pipeline":[62],"detect":[64],"molecular":[65],"signatures":[66],"pathogens":[68],"disease":[70,80,104],"confirmation.":[71],"This":[72,87],"is":[74],"envisioned":[75],"detected":[79],"by":[81,94],"removing":[82],"or":[83],"pruning":[84],"infected":[85],"plants.":[86],"manuscript":[88],"describes":[89],"milestones":[92],"achieved":[93],"this":[95],"CPS":[96],"project":[97],"provides":[99],"future":[101],"perspective":[102],"on":[103],"automation":[106],"in":[107],"agriculture.":[108]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}