{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7138221831","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v40i7.37474","title":"False Positives Matter: Multidimensional Localization Evaluation and Training-Free Explainable Adversarial Patch Defense","display_name":"False Positives Matter: Multidimensional Localization Evaluation and Training-Free Explainable Adversarial Patch Defense","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7138221831","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v40i7.37474"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v40i7.37474","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v40i7.37474","pdf_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/download/37474/41436","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/download/37474/41436","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013812973","display_name":"Lihua Jing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6369-7890"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lihua Jing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences\nSchool of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences\nSchool of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129704745","display_name":"Rui Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences\nSchool of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences\nSchool of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129752665","display_name":"Jinwen Zhong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinwen Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences\nSchool of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences\nSchool of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111106864","display_name":"Runbo Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0292-7451"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Runbo Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences\nSchool of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences\nSchool of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129650632","display_name":"Zixuan Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zixuan Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences\nSchool of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences\nSchool of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"7","first_page":"5557","last_page":"5565"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/false-positive-paradox","display_name":"False positive paradox","score":0.8073999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/false-positives-and-false-negatives","display_name":"False positives and false negatives","score":0.6714000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.6527000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boosting","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","score":0.5220999717712402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalizability-theory","display_name":"Generalizability theory","score":0.49470001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.4230000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recall","display_name":"Recall","score":0.40450000762939453}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64869954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1859747","display_name":"False positive paradox","level":2,"score":0.8073999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112789634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18207010","display_name":"False positives and false negatives","level":3,"score":0.6714000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.6527000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6136999726295471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5957000255584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46686674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466303","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.5220999717712402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27158222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532422","display_name":"Generalizability theory","level":2,"score":0.49470001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.4230000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100660578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733","display_name":"Recall","level":2,"score":0.40450000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.3474999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.33739998936653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3346000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.3280999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.3059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.28299999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.2777000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779267917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170028","display_name":"Deception","level":2,"score":0.27570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59577422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10265143","display_name":"False accusation","level":2,"score":0.25769999623298645}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v40i7.37474","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v40i7.37474","pdf_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/download/37474/41436","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs.aaai.org:article/37474","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/view/37474","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2159-5399","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v40i7.37474","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v40i7.37474","pdf_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/download/37474/41436","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7391646504402161,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G34267490","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62176253","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7138221831.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7138221831.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Adversarial":[0],"patch":[1,12,46,53,105,116,124,153],"attacks":[2],"pose":[3],"a":[4,50,69,88,95,115],"significant":[5],"threat":[6],"to":[7],"visual":[8,20],"systems.":[9],"While":[10],"current":[11],"purification-based":[13],"defense":[14],"methods":[15],"enhance":[16],"core":[17],"metrics":[18],"of":[19,28,41,90,162],"perception":[21],"models,":[22],"they":[23],"overlook":[24],"the":[25,39,76,81,151,158,163],"critical":[26],"issue":[27],"false":[29,60,84,107,147],"positive":[30],"patches,":[31,140],"severely":[32],"compromising":[33],"image":[34],"usability.":[35],"This":[36],"paper":[37],"reveals":[38],"inadequacy":[40],"existing":[42],"evaluations":[43],"for":[44,72],"adversarial":[45,52,139],"defenses,":[47],"and":[48,64,110,130,134,137,149,160],"pioneers":[49],"multidimensional":[51],"localization":[54,66,154],"evaluation":[55],"framework,":[56],"which":[57],"comprehensively":[58],"quantifies":[59],"positives,":[61],"recall":[62],"capability,":[63],"overall":[65,152],"accuracy,":[67,155],"providing":[68],"novel":[70],"perspective":[71],"comparative":[73],"analysis":[74],"within":[75],"field.":[77],"Furthermore,":[78],"building":[79],"upon":[80],"observation":[82],"that":[83,142],"positives":[85,148],"stem":[86],"from":[87],"lack":[89],"semantic":[91],"understanding,":[92],"we":[93],"propose":[94],"Semantic-Aware":[96],"Training-free":[97],"Explainable":[98],"Defense":[99],"method":[100,144],"(SATED).":[101],"SATED":[102],"achieves":[103],"zero-shot":[104],"localization,":[106],"detection":[108,133],"correction,":[109],"decision":[111],"explanation":[112],"by":[113],"constructing":[114],"reasoning":[117],"chain,":[118],"while":[119],"simultaneously":[120],"performing":[121],"integrated":[122],"text-guided":[123],"inpainting.":[125],"Extensive":[126],"experiments":[127],"across":[128],"digital":[129],"physical":[131],"scenarios,":[132],"segmentation":[135],"tasks,":[136],"diverse":[138],"demonstrate":[141],"our":[143],"significantly":[145],"reduces":[146],"doubles":[150],"boosting":[156],"both":[157],"generalizability":[159],"explainability":[161],"defense.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2026-03-18T00:00:00"}
