{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7138082917","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v40i36.40264","title":"TIV: Thought Injection via Vectors for Efficient Reasoning in Large Reasoning Models","display_name":"TIV: Thought Injection via Vectors for Efficient Reasoning in Large Reasoning Models","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7138082917","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v40i36.40264"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v40i36.40264","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v40i36.40264","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v40i36.40264","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129670602","display_name":"Yi Cao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185940356","display_name":"Soochow University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kvm7n82","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185940356"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3923682","display_name":"Soochow University","ror":"https://ror.org/05t8y2r12","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}],"countries":["CN","TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yi Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Soochow University\nKey Laboratory of Data Intelligence and Advanced Computing, Soochow University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Soochow University\nKey Laboratory of Data Intelligence and Advanced Computing, Soochow University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185940356","https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129712269","display_name":"Weijie Shi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weijie Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129694640","display_name":"Wei-Jie Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei-Jie Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085330182","display_name":"Yi Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6539-4918"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185940356","display_name":"Soochow University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kvm7n82","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185940356"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yucheng Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Soochow University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Soochow University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185940356"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129679091","display_name":"Yue Cui","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095624","display_name":"Alibaba Group (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00rn0m335","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210095624","https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alibaba Group"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alibaba Group","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095624"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129722740","display_name":"Hanghui Guo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135237710","display_name":"Zhejiang Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vevwk45","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135237710"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanghui Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application, Zhejiang Normal University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application, Zhejiang Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135237710"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129750832","display_name":"Shimin Di","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090971","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cf0ab87","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090971"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shimin Di","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090971"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129646799","display_name":"Ziyi Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziyi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129714671","display_name":"Jiaming Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaming Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["ByteDance"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ByteDance","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129645385","display_name":"Alexander Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129695453","display_name":"Jia Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135237710","display_name":"Zhejiang Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vevwk45","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135237710"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application, Zhejiang Normal University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application, Zhejiang Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135237710"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100940170","display_name":"Jiajie Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185940356","display_name":"Soochow University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kvm7n82","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185940356"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3923682","display_name":"Soochow University","ror":"https://ror.org/05t8y2r12","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}],"countries":["CN","TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiajie Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Soochow University\nKey Laboratory of Data Intelligence and Advanced Computing, Soochow University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Soochow University\nKey Laboratory of Data Intelligence and Advanced Computing, Soochow University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185940356","https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5129670602"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185940356","https://openalex.org/I3923682"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.30246253,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"36","first_page":"30148","last_page":"30155"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.20100000500679016,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.20100000500679016,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.17249999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.10010000318288803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.6518999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-token","display_name":"Security token","score":0.6234999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opportunistic-reasoning","display_name":"Opportunistic reasoning","score":0.5942999720573425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.5934000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-monotonic-logic","display_name":"Non-monotonic logic","score":0.4438000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reasoning-system","display_name":"Reasoning system","score":0.42239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automated-reasoning","display_name":"Automated reasoning","score":0.4165000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.4140999913215637}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6704000234603882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.6518999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48145219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335365","display_name":"Security token","level":2,"score":0.6234999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6092000007629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86827895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098582","display_name":"Opportunistic reasoning","level":4,"score":0.5942999720573425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.5934000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159032336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2488768","display_name":"Non-monotonic logic","level":2,"score":0.4438000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89288958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7301504","display_name":"Reasoning system","level":2,"score":0.42239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195344581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2555318","display_name":"Automated reasoning","level":2,"score":0.4165000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4140999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.3977000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37335422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888134","display_name":"Model-based reasoning","level":3,"score":0.3970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3499000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.3098999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83725634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268699","display_name":"Qualitative reasoning","level":2,"score":0.3068000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97364631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484284","display_name":"Deductive reasoning","level":2,"score":0.29910001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018263672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1296251","display_name":"Efficient algorithm","level":2,"score":0.2935999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.29170000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20162079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151406","display_name":"Case-based reasoning","level":2,"score":0.28360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2678000032901764}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v40i36.40264","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v40i36.40264","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v40i36.40264","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v40i36.40264","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Large":[0],"Reasoning":[1],"Models":[2],"(LRMs)":[3],"have":[4],"recently":[5],"demonstrated":[6],"impressive":[7],"performance":[8],"across":[9,79],"a":[10,90,109,167],"range":[11],"of":[12,75,129],"reasoning":[13,54,101,121,173],"tasks":[14],"by":[15,137],"generating":[16,63],"intermediate":[17],"thoughts.":[18],"However,":[19],"these":[20],"models":[21],"can":[22],"suffer":[23],"from":[24],"overthinking\u2014generating":[25],"excessive":[26],"tokens":[27],"that":[28,51,124],"contribute":[29],"little":[30],"to":[31,145,161],"final":[32,77],"accuracy":[33,115,132,157],"while":[34,133],"increasing":[35],"inference":[36],"cost.":[37],"To":[38],"mitigate":[39],"this,":[40],"we":[41],"propose":[42],"TIV":[43,66,125,151],"(Thought":[44],"Injection":[45],"via":[46],"Vectors),":[47],"an":[48],"innovative":[49],"framework":[50],"compresses":[52],"token-level":[53],"into":[55,70,108],"compact":[56],"vectors":[57,69],"without":[58],"sacrificing":[59],"performance.":[60],"Rather":[61],"than":[62,139],"explicit":[64],"thoughts,":[65],"injects":[67],"learnable":[68],"the":[71,76,95,99,104,130],"post-attention":[72],"hidden":[73],"states":[74],"token":[78],"Transformer":[80],"layers,":[81],"enabling":[82],"implicit":[83],"and":[84,103,116,158],"lightweight":[85],"reasoning.":[86],"We":[87],"further":[88],"introduce":[89],"two-stage":[91],"reinforcement":[92],"learning":[93],"strategy:":[94],"first":[96],"stage":[97],"calibrates":[98],"model's":[100],"distribution,":[102],"second":[105],"distills":[106],"it":[107],"vector-based":[110],"policy":[111],"optimized":[112],"for":[113,171],"both":[114],"brevity.":[117],"Experiments":[118],"on":[119,141],"three":[120],"benchmarks":[122],"show":[123],"preserves":[126],"over":[127],"99%":[128],"original":[131],"reducing":[134],"output":[135],"length":[136],"more":[138],"65%":[140],"average,":[142],"reaching":[143],"up":[144],"80%":[146],"in":[147,174],"some":[148],"cases.":[149],"Moreover,":[150],"consistently":[152],"achieves":[153],"superior":[154],"trade-offs":[155],"between":[156],"efficiency":[159],"compared":[160],"existing":[162],"methods,":[163],"distinguishing":[164],"itself":[165],"as":[166],"state-of-the-art":[168],"(SOTA)":[169],"approach":[170],"efficient":[172],"LRMs.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T20:47:17.329874","created_date":"2026-03-18T00:00:00"}
