{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7138256248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v40i35.40235","title":"Key Decision-Makers in Multi-Agent Debates: Who Holds the Power?","display_name":"Key Decision-Makers in Multi-Agent Debates: Who Holds the Power?","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7138256248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v40i35.40235"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v40i35.40235","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v40i35.40235","pdf_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/download/40235/44196","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/download/40235/44196","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129752775","display_name":"Qian Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qian Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin University, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100766555","display_name":"Jinyi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9838-238X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinyi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin University, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129721726","display_name":"Yan Zheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin University, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108578919","display_name":"Hebin Liang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hebin Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin University, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025153128","display_name":"Lanjun Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7696-5330"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lanjun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin University, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.20417502,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"35","first_page":"29883","last_page":"29891"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.37470000982284546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.37470000982284546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.09350000321865082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.04039999842643738,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.8148000240325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viewpoints","display_name":"Viewpoints","score":0.8090999722480774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","score":0.516700029373169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path","display_name":"Path (computing)","score":0.4352000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.36399999260902405}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.8148000240325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7928819","display_name":"Viewpoints","level":2,"score":0.8090999722480774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7275999784469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2164484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170150","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","level":2,"score":0.516700029373169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4352000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3824999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.36399999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.3107999861240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.2782999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.27459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.25589999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.25459998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37279795","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2492305","display_name":"Consistency model","level":3,"score":0.2500999867916107}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v40i35.40235","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v40i35.40235","pdf_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/download/40235/44196","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v40i35.40235","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v40i35.40235","pdf_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/download/40235/44196","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8102719187736511,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7138256248.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7138256248.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"studies":[1],"on":[2,133],"LLM":[3,156],"agent":[4,157],"scaling":[5],"have":[6],"highlighted":[7],"the":[8,19,73,83,108,111,116,129],"potential":[9],"of":[10,22,75,124],"Multi-Agent":[11,84],"Debate":[12,85],"(MAD)":[13],"to":[14,39,66,101],"enhance":[15],"reasoning":[16,47,69,135],"abilities.":[17],"However,":[18],"critical":[20],"aspect":[21],"role":[23,54,109],"allocation":[24,55],"strategies":[25],"remains":[26],"underexplored.":[27],"In":[28],"this":[29],"study,":[30],"we":[31,50,81],"demonstrate":[32],"that":[33],"allocating":[34],"roles":[35],"with":[36,110],"differing":[37],"viewpoints":[38],"specific":[40],"positions":[41],"significantly":[42],"impacts":[43],"MAD's":[44,144],"performance":[45,63,145],"in":[46,68,78,155],"tasks.":[48,70,136],"Specifically,":[49],"find":[51],"a":[52,122,149],"novel":[53],"strategy,":[56,88],"\"Truth":[57],"Last\",":[58],"which":[59,89],"can":[60],"improve":[61],"MAD":[62],"by":[64],"up":[65],"22%":[67],"To":[71],"address":[72],"issue":[74],"unknown":[76],"truth":[77],"practical":[79],"applications,":[80],"propose":[82],"Consistency":[86],"(MADC)":[87],"systematically":[90],"simulates":[91],"and":[92,147],"optimizes":[93],"its":[94],"core":[95],"mechanisms.":[96],"MADC":[97,120,137],"incorporates":[98],"path":[99],"consistency":[100,113],"assess":[102],"agreement":[103],"among":[104],"independent":[105],"roles,":[106],"simulating":[107],"highest":[112],"score":[114],"as":[115],"truth.":[117],"We":[118],"validated":[119],"across":[121],"range":[123],"LLMs":[125],"(9":[126],"models),":[127],"including":[128],"DeepSeek-R1":[130],"Distilled":[131],"Models,":[132],"challenging":[134],"consistently":[138],"demonstrated":[139],"advanced":[140],"performance,":[141],"effectively":[142],"overcoming":[143],"bottlenecks":[146],"providing":[148],"crucial":[150],"pathway":[151],"for":[152],"further":[153],"improvements":[154],"scaling.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-25T07:29:55.448023","created_date":"2026-03-18T00:00:00"}