{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2904655757","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33013224","title":"Enhanced Random Forest Algorithms for Partially Monotone Ordinal Classification","display_name":"Enhanced Random Forest Algorithms for Partially Monotone Ordinal Classification","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2904655757","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33013224","mag":"2904655757"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33013224","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33013224","pdf_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/download/4191/4069","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/download/4191/4069","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065501089","display_name":"Christopher Bartley","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177877127","display_name":"The University of Western Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/047272k79","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher Bartley","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Western Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Western Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100641142","display_name":"Wei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7409-0948"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177877127","display_name":"The University of Western Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/047272k79","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Western Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Western Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036930915","display_name":"Mark Reynolds","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5415-0544"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177877127","display_name":"The University of Western Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/047272k79","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Reynolds","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Western Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Western Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"01","first_page":"3224","last_page":"3231"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.984499990940094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.984499990940094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9664000272750854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmarking","display_name":"Benchmarking","score":0.7553197145462036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.7229839563369751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monotone-polygon","display_name":"Monotone polygon","score":0.6985395550727844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monotonic-function","display_name":"Monotonic function","score":0.6975014805793762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.6539461612701416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6043336987495422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ordinal-scale","display_name":"Ordinal Scale","score":0.5718978047370911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5212836265563965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.5100732445716858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.47812309861183167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4685550332069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ordinal-data","display_name":"Ordinal data","score":0.4478342831134796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ordinal-optimization","display_name":"Ordinal optimization","score":0.4412344694137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.41746723651885986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3985280394554138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.34791481494903564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.18725398182868958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.09509596228599548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.08956331014633179}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86251818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816754","display_name":"Benchmarking","level":2,"score":0.7553197145462036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.7229839563369751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2834757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4925424","display_name":"Monotone polygon","level":2,"score":0.6985395550727844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72169020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194404","display_name":"Monotonic function","level":2,"score":0.6975014805793762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6539461612701416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6043336987495422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909711754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100785","display_name":"Ordinal Scale","level":2,"score":0.5718978047370911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5212836265563965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.5100732445716858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.47812309861183167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4685550332069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85461838","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100785","display_name":"Ordinal data","level":2,"score":0.4478342831134796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81386100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100792","display_name":"Ordinal optimization","level":3,"score":0.4412344694137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.41746723651885986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3985280394554138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.34791481494903564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.18725398182868958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.09509596228599548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.08956331014633179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33013224","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33013224","pdf_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/download/4191/4069","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/ca3f3794-f35b-4759-9ae5-a0b6798fbfd4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research-repository.uwa.edu.au/en/publications/ca3f3794-f35b-4759-9ae5-a0b6798fbfd4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402523","display_name":"UWA Profiles and Research Repository (University of Western Australia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177877127","host_organization_name":"The University of Western Australia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Bartley , C W , Liu , W & Reynolds , M 2019 , Enhanced Random Forest Algorithms for Partially Monotone Ordinal Classification . in 33rd AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI 2019) . 1 edn , vol. 33 , AAAI Press , USA , pp. 3224-3231 , 33rd AAAI Conference on artificial intelligence 2019 , Hawaii , United States , 27/01/19 . https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33013224","raw_type":"contributionToPeriodical"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs.aaai.org:article/4191","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/view/4191","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2159-5399","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33013224","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33013224","pdf_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/download/4191/4069","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6399999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2904655757.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2904655757.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W179179905","https://openalex.org/W1565746575","https://openalex.org/W1580623395","https://openalex.org/W2064236088","https://openalex.org/W2098841537","https://openalex.org/W2188752281","https://openalex.org/W2293054526","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2751607718","https://openalex.org/W2804036899","https://openalex.org/W2998768810","https://openalex.org/W3120740533","https://openalex.org/W4244458990","https://openalex.org/W4298304654","https://openalex.org/W6607259140","https://openalex.org/W6628633436","https://openalex.org/W6910681941"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1536163558","https://openalex.org/W3021328243","https://openalex.org/W141250983","https://openalex.org/W2051517726","https://openalex.org/W2070415178","https://openalex.org/W2332172844","https://openalex.org/W2093964375","https://openalex.org/W2119363431","https://openalex.org/W2173081572","https://openalex.org/W2166716405"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"of":[1,7,32,47],"the":[2,5,27,48,89,93,129,136,147],"factors":[3],"hindering":[4],"use":[6],"classification":[8,133],"models":[9],"in":[10,135],"decision":[11],"making":[12],"is":[13,36,107],"that":[14],"their":[15],"predictions":[16],"may":[17],"contradict":[18],"expectations.":[19],"In":[20],"domains":[21],"such":[22],"as":[23],"finance":[24],"and":[25,42,73,80,95,98,115,121,152],"medicine,":[26],"ability":[28],"to":[29,39,56,127,145],"include":[30],"knowledge":[31],"monotone":[33,137],"(nondecreasing)":[34],"relationships":[35],"sought":[37],"after":[38],"increase":[40],"accuracy":[41,113],"user":[43],"satisfaction.":[44],"As":[45],"one":[46],"most":[49,130],"successful":[50],"classifiers,":[51],"attempts":[52],"have":[53,70],"been":[54],"made":[55],"do":[57],"so":[58],"for":[59,83,101],"Random":[60],"Forest.":[61],"Ideally":[62],"a":[63,111,116],"solution":[64],"would":[65],"(a)":[66],"maximise":[67],"accuracy;":[68],"(b)":[69],"low":[71],"complexity":[72],"scale":[74],"well;":[75],"(c)":[76],"guarantee":[77],"global":[78],"monotonicity;":[79],"(d)":[81],"cater":[82],"multi-class.":[84],"This":[85],"paper":[86],"first":[87],"reviews":[88],"state-of-theart":[90],"from":[91],"both":[92],"literature":[94],"statistical":[96],"libraries,":[97],"identifies":[99],"opportunities":[100],"improvement.":[102],"A":[103],"new":[104],"rule-based":[105],"method":[106],"then":[108,125],"proposed,":[109],"with":[110],"maximal":[112],"variant":[114],"faster":[117],"approximate":[118],"variant.":[119],"Simulated":[120],"real":[122],"datasets":[123],"are":[124,143],"used":[126],"perform":[128],"comprehensive":[131],"ordinal":[132],"benchmarking":[134],"forest":[138],"literature.":[139],"The":[140],"proposed":[141],"approaches":[142],"shown":[144],"reduce":[146],"bias":[148],"induced":[149],"by":[150],"monotonisation":[151],"thereby":[153],"improve":[154],"accuracy.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}