{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2965737549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33012149","title":"Learning Optimal Strategies to Commit To","display_name":"Learning Optimal Strategies to Commit To","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2965737549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33012149","mag":"2965737549"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33012149","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33012149","pdf_url":"https://www.aaai.org/ojs/index.php/AAAI/article/download/4047/3925","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.aaai.org/ojs/index.php/AAAI/article/download/4047/3925","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111222702","display_name":"Binghui Peng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Binghui Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059901703","display_name":"Weiran Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4366-9276"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiran Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013558969","display_name":"Pingzhong Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1330-1999"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pingzhong Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016149057","display_name":"Song Zuo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-0165"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Song Zuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.8819,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98689007,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"01","first_page":"2149","last_page":"2156"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11807","display_name":"Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11807","display_name":"Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11500","display_name":"Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11502","display_name":"Facility Location and Emergency Management","score":0.9882000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stackelberg-competition","display_name":"Stackelberg competition","score":0.9007861614227295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commit","display_name":"Commit","score":0.8486799001693726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-game","display_name":"Stochastic game","score":0.6405534744262695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5877811312675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.5626630187034607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.3729674220085144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-economics","display_name":"Mathematical economics","score":0.34299221634864807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.20857203006744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17061474919319153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199510392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184602","display_name":"Stackelberg competition","level":2,"score":0.9007861614227295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19776675","display_name":"Commit","level":2,"score":0.8486799001693726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22171661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074380","display_name":"Stochastic game","level":2,"score":0.6405534744262695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5877811312675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5626630187034607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.3729674220085144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.34299221634864807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.20857203006744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17061474919319153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33012149","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33012149","pdf_url":"https://www.aaai.org/ojs/index.php/AAAI/article/download/4047/3925","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs.aaai.org:article/4047","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/view/4047","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2159-5399","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33012149","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33012149","pdf_url":"https://www.aaai.org/ojs/index.php/AAAI/article/download/4047/3925","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191458","display_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2159-5399","issn":["2159-5399","2374-3468"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6200000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6424090627","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61561146398","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2965737549.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2965737549.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W568984285","https://openalex.org/W1202844022","https://openalex.org/W1492050885","https://openalex.org/W1780330426","https://openalex.org/W1900348432","https://openalex.org/W1971309210","https://openalex.org/W1977823909","https://openalex.org/W1997147068","https://openalex.org/W2002373723","https://openalex.org/W2013815105","https://openalex.org/W2023146810","https://openalex.org/W2029010138","https://openalex.org/W2044667552","https://openalex.org/W2055887369","https://openalex.org/W2057913812","https://openalex.org/W2071639381","https://openalex.org/W2080665546","https://openalex.org/W2103446323","https://openalex.org/W2108111486","https://openalex.org/W2114765979","https://openalex.org/W2129749009","https://openalex.org/W2168908795","https://openalex.org/W2194892124","https://openalex.org/W2212293086","https://openalex.org/W2243614848","https://openalex.org/W2294188555","https://openalex.org/W2396886722","https://openalex.org/W2579153474","https://openalex.org/W2599008924","https://openalex.org/W2604733145","https://openalex.org/W2611291372","https://openalex.org/W2620577708","https://openalex.org/W2787248994","https://openalex.org/W2788209252","https://openalex.org/W2800007566","https://openalex.org/W2800804703","https://openalex.org/W2962756936","https://openalex.org/W2963046507","https://openalex.org/W6627777728","https://openalex.org/W6643170615","https://openalex.org/W6651186454","https://openalex.org/W6653811361","https://openalex.org/W6676357390","https://openalex.org/W6677108689","https://openalex.org/W6684932445","https://openalex.org/W6691858923","https://openalex.org/W6735270558","https://openalex.org/W6739185026","https://openalex.org/W6903580867"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1595498241","https://openalex.org/W2061017563","https://openalex.org/W3124338094","https://openalex.org/W2591816347","https://openalex.org/W2106518254","https://openalex.org/W3191963346","https://openalex.org/W1503292914","https://openalex.org/W1973796260","https://openalex.org/W1576145817","https://openalex.org/W153079438"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Over":[0],"the":[1,12,26,38,42,54,60,68,77,89,93],"past":[2],"decades,":[3],"various":[4],"theories":[5],"and":[6,17,32,101],"algorithms":[7,104],"have":[8,22],"been":[9,23],"developed":[10],"under":[11,25],"framework":[13],"of":[14,19,28,37,47,53,91],"Stackelberg":[15,98],"games":[16,100],"part":[18],"these":[20],"innovations":[21],"fielded":[24],"scenarios":[27],"national":[29],"security":[30],"defenses":[31],"wildlife":[33],"protections.":[34],"However,":[35],"one":[36],"remaining":[39],"difficulties":[40],"in":[41,58,97],"literature":[43],"is":[44],"that":[45],"most":[46],"theoretical":[48],"works":[49],"assume":[50],"full":[51],"information":[52,75],"payoff":[55,70],"matrices,":[56],"while":[57],"applications,":[59],"leader":[61,95],"often":[62],"has":[63],"no":[64],"prior":[65],"knowledge":[66],"about":[67,76],"follower\u2019s":[69,78],"matrix,":[71],"but":[72],"may":[73],"gain":[74],"utility":[79],"function":[80],"through":[81],"repeated":[82],"interactions.":[83],"In":[84],"this":[85],"paper,":[86],"we":[87],"study":[88],"problem":[90],"learning":[92],"optimal":[94],"strategy":[96],"(security)":[99],"develop":[102],"novel":[103],"as":[105,107],"well":[106],"new":[108],"hardness":[109],"results.":[110]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}