{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3040495509","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transinf.2019edp7181","title":"A Series of PIN/Password Input Methods Resilient to Shoulder Hacking Based on Cognitive Difficulty of Tracing Multiple Key Movements","display_name":"A Series of PIN/Password Input Methods Resilient to Shoulder Hacking Based on Cognitive Difficulty of Tracing Multiple Key Movements","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3040495509","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transinf.2019edp7181","mag":"3040495509"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1587/transinf.2019edp7181","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transinf.2019edp7181","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/transinf/E103.D/7/E103.D_2019EDP7181/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2486202937","display_name":"IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems","issn_l":"0916-8532","issn":["0916-8532","1745-1361"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800604","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800604"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/transinf/E103.D/7/E103.D_2019EDP7181/_pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102946205","display_name":"Kokoro Kobayashi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3900-6376"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92614990","display_name":"Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00qg0kr10","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92614990"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kokoro KOBAYASHI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92614990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034151364","display_name":"Tsuyoshi Oguni","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tsuyoshi OGUNI","raw_affiliation_strings":["NTT DATA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NTT DATA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014835275","display_name":"Masaki Nakagawa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7872-156X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92614990","display_name":"Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00qg0kr10","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92614990"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masaki NAKAGAWA","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92614990"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102946205"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92614990"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5564,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75213948,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"E103.D","issue":"7","first_page":"1623","last_page":"1632"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8512627482414246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password","display_name":"Password","score":0.8379902243614197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.6956165432929993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hacker","display_name":"Hacker","score":0.6536867022514343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/series","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","score":0.5356542468070984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracing","display_name":"Tracing","score":0.4880320131778717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4681705832481384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/s/key","display_name":"S/KEY","score":0.4465668499469757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.4308408498764038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.09194689989089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.06359583139419556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.05566278100013733}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8512627482414246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109297577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161157","display_name":"Password","level":2,"score":0.8379902243614197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.6956165432929993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86844869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798820","display_name":"Hacker","level":2,"score":0.6536867022514343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143724316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312468","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.5356542468070984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138673069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322229","display_name":"Tracing","level":2,"score":0.4880320131778717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4681705832481384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4957475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242186","display_name":"S/KEY","level":3,"score":0.4465668499469757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.4308408498764038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.09194689989089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.06359583139419556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.05566278100013733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1587/transinf.2019edp7181","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transinf.2019edp7181","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/transinf/E103.D/7/E103.D_2019EDP7181/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2486202937","display_name":"IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems","issn_l":"0916-8532","issn":["0916-8532","1745-1361"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800604","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800604"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1587/transinf.2019edp7181","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transinf.2019edp7181","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/transinf/E103.D/7/E103.D_2019EDP7181/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2486202937","display_name":"IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems","issn_l":"0916-8532","issn":["0916-8532","1745-1361"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800604","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800604"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3459562248","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4636223006","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JSPS KAK","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6015251910","display_name":"Development of Integrated Knowledge through Establishment of an Interactive Research Scheme based on the Open-Data of Research Resources for Wooden Tablets and Related Topics","funder_award_id":"18H05221","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6129707743","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"18H0522","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8430481527","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Number","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3040495509.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3040495509.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498607839","https://openalex.org/W1529679142","https://openalex.org/W1594941144","https://openalex.org/W2015634454","https://openalex.org/W2030522750","https://openalex.org/W2061437517","https://openalex.org/W2078483465","https://openalex.org/W2081772146","https://openalex.org/W2162610170","https://openalex.org/W2312361730","https://openalex.org/W2341614611","https://openalex.org/W2992402227","https://openalex.org/W4238701700"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2189322943","https://openalex.org/W1844709308","https://openalex.org/W2359085393","https://openalex.org/W2358864427","https://openalex.org/W2597260025","https://openalex.org/W4318998007","https://openalex.org/W2177391373","https://openalex.org/W2188146477","https://openalex.org/W2090295280","https://openalex.org/W2945948711"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,150],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,15,18,23,31,50,78,137,178],"series":[4,151],"of":[5,33,36,88,152,177],"secure":[6],"PIN/password":[7],"input":[8,197],"methods":[9,153],"resilient":[10],"to":[11,22,76,84,107,117,129,145,164,172,188],"shoulder":[12,34,189],"hacking.":[13],"When":[14],"person":[16],"inputs":[17],"PIN":[19,38],"or":[20,39],"password":[21,41],"smartphone,":[24],"tablet,":[25],"banking":[26],"terminal,":[27],"etc.,":[28],"there":[29],"is":[30,162],"risk":[32],"hacking":[35,190],"the":[37,40,46,63,66,86,90,93,98,115,127,131,143,148,157,173],"being":[42],"stolen.":[43],"To":[44],"decrease":[45],"risk,":[47],"we":[48],"propose":[49],"method":[51,99,184],"that":[52,141,182],"erases":[53],"key-top":[54,122],"labels,":[55],"moves":[56],"them":[57],"smoothly":[58],"and":[59,61,126,166],"simultaneously,":[60],"lets":[62],"user":[64,73,128,144],"touch":[65,130],"target":[67,132],"key":[68],"after":[69,121],"they":[70],"stopped.":[71],"The":[72],"only":[74],"needs":[75],"trace":[77,85],"single":[79],"key,":[80],"but":[81,160],"peepers":[82],"have":[83,156],"movements":[87],"all":[89,114],"keys":[91,108,116],"at":[92],"same":[94],"time.":[95],"We":[96,134],"extend":[97],"by":[100],"assigning":[101],"different":[102],"colors,":[103],"shapes,":[104],"and/or":[105],"sizes":[106],"for":[109],"enhancing":[110],"distinguishability,":[111],"which":[112],"allows":[113,142],"be":[118],"moved":[119],"instantaneously":[120],"labels":[123],"are":[124],"erased":[125],"key.":[133],"also":[135],"introduce":[136],"\u201cmove":[138],"backward/forward\u201d":[139],"function":[140],"play":[146],"back":[147],"movements.":[149],"does":[154,167],"not":[155,168],"highest":[158],"security,":[159],"it":[161],"easy":[163],"use":[165],"require":[169],"any":[170],"changes":[171],"server":[174],"side.":[175],"Results":[176],"performance":[179],"evaluation":[180],"demonstrate":[181],"this":[183],"has":[185],"high":[186],"resistance":[187],"while":[191],"providing":[192],"satisfactory":[193],"usability":[194],"without":[195],"large":[196],"errors.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
