{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2978717950","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transinf.2019edp7024","title":"WearAuth: Wristwear-Assisted User Authentication for Smartphones Using Wavelet-Based Multi-Resolution Analysis","display_name":"WearAuth: Wristwear-Assisted User Authentication for Smartphones Using Wavelet-Based Multi-Resolution Analysis","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2978717950","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transinf.2019edp7024","mag":"2978717950"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1587/transinf.2019edp7024","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transinf.2019edp7024","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/transinf/E102.D/10/E102.D_2019EDP7024/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2486202937","display_name":"IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems","issn_l":"0916-8532","issn":["0916-8532","1745-1361"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800604","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800604"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/transinf/E102.D/10/E102.D_2019EDP7024/_pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101837181","display_name":"Taeho Kang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","display_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xysgw12","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Taeho KANG","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075613772","display_name":"Sangwoo Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9284-8492"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","display_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xysgw12","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sangwoo JI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091284495","display_name":"Hayoung Jeong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5780-5171"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","display_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xysgw12","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hayoung JEONG","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101958227","display_name":"Bin Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3903-0752"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113369","display_name":"Microsoft Research Asia (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/0300m5276","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210113369"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin ZHU","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research Asia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research Asia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113369"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100635271","display_name":"Jong Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0257-0547"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","display_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xysgw12","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jong KIM","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101837181"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3523,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69972871,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"E102.D","issue":"10","first_page":"1976","last_page":"1992"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9876000285148621,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9872000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8493866324424744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.5732069611549377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.5728062987327576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acceleration","display_name":"Acceleration","score":0.48335880041122437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.4708520770072937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.45777034759521484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4550229012966156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4325478672981262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3946838974952698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.38085925579071045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.374172568321228}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8493866324424744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.5732069611549377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5728062987327576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117896860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11376","display_name":"Acceleration","level":2,"score":0.48335880041122437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.4708520770072937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.45777034759521484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4550229012966156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4325478672981262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3946838974952698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.38085925579071045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.374172568321228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1587/transinf.2019edp7024","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transinf.2019edp7024","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/transinf/E102.D/10/E102.D_2019EDP7024/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2486202937","display_name":"IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems","issn_l":"0916-8532","issn":["0916-8532","1745-1361"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800604","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800604"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1587/transinf.2019edp7024","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transinf.2019edp7024","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/transinf/E102.D/10/E102.D_2019EDP7024/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2486202937","display_name":"IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems","issn_l":"0916-8532","issn":["0916-8532","1745-1361"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800604","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800604"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G266217951","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G342704958","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"funded","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4771439113","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017R1A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G480852520","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2018-0-01392","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5334778219","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"and NRF-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6072120315","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"funded","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7031070660","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2017R1A2B4010914","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7232373703","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017R1A2B","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8777659018","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2017R1A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G982292920","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-20","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308943","display_name":"Microsoft Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333993","display_name":"Microsoft Research Asia","ror":"https://ror.org/0300m5276"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0hqq23"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2978717950.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2978717950.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1563088657","https://openalex.org/W1955134710","https://openalex.org/W1966760175","https://openalex.org/W1970787215","https://openalex.org/W1988790447","https://openalex.org/W2031481606","https://openalex.org/W2059980308","https://openalex.org/W2064376060","https://openalex.org/W2066236160","https://openalex.org/W2067930422","https://openalex.org/W2079024329","https://openalex.org/W2098089331","https://openalex.org/W2136447324","https://openalex.org/W2142651508","https://openalex.org/W2165170334","https://openalex.org/W2312684620","https://openalex.org/W2404603298","https://openalex.org/W2492950266","https://openalex.org/W2533203140","https://openalex.org/W2580028016","https://openalex.org/W2601292847","https://openalex.org/W2751146630","https://openalex.org/W2787894218","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2963457986","https://openalex.org/W3169030839","https://openalex.org/W4240912759","https://openalex.org/W4255272544"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2076845124","https://openalex.org/W2183964146","https://openalex.org/W2062586268","https://openalex.org/W2379932303","https://openalex.org/W4300873085","https://openalex.org/W2019582947","https://openalex.org/W3147744369","https://openalex.org/W4241440711","https://openalex.org/W3212688212","https://openalex.org/W3104966193"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Zero-effort":[0],"bilateral":[1],"authentication":[2,137],"was":[3],"introduced":[4],"recently":[5],"to":[6,11,21,32,148,169,179,189,231],"use":[7,22],"a":[8,14,105,176],"trusted":[9],"wristwear":[10,27],"continuously":[12,95],"authenticate":[13],"smartphone":[15,24,29,59,118],"user.":[16],"A":[17],"user":[18,79,136,158],"is":[19,80,119,124,159,229],"allowed":[20],"the":[23,36,41,45,52,58,64,67,78,83,87,97,100,110,117,122,150,157,171,182,191],"if":[25],"both":[26],"and":[28,60,174,210,228],"are":[30],"determined":[31],"be":[33],"held":[34],"by":[35,39],"same":[37],"person":[38],"comparing":[40],"wristwear's":[42],"motion":[43],"with":[44,121,198],"smartphone's":[46],"input":[47],"or":[48,161,208,216],"motion,":[49],"depending":[50],"on":[51],"grip":[53,112,192],"\u2014":[54],"which":[55,61,103,114],"hand":[56,62],"holds":[57],"provides":[63],"input.":[65],"Unfortunately,":[66],"scheme":[68],"has":[69],"several":[70],"shortcomings.":[71],"First,":[72],"it":[73,94],"may":[74],"work":[75],"improperly":[76],"when":[77],"walking":[81],"since":[82],"gait":[84],"can":[85],"conceal":[86],"wrist's":[88],"motions":[89,98],"of":[90,99,155,206,214],"making":[91],"touches.":[92],"Second,":[93],"compares":[96],"two":[101,196],"devices,":[102],"incurs":[104],"heavy":[106],"communication":[107,172],"burden.":[108],"Third,":[109],"acceleration-based":[111],"inference,":[113],"assumes":[115],"that":[116,220],"horizontal":[120],"ground":[123],"inapplicable":[125],"in":[126,140],"practice.":[127],"To":[128],"address":[129],"these":[130],"shortcomings,":[131],"we":[132],"propose":[133],"WearAuth,":[134],"wristwear-assisted":[135],"for":[138],"smartphones":[139],"this":[141],"paper.":[142],"WearAuth":[143,201,221],"applies":[144],"wavelet-based":[145],"multi-resolution":[146],"analysis":[147],"extract":[149],"desired":[151],"touch-specific":[152],"movements":[153],"regardless":[154],"whether":[156],"stationary":[160],"moving;":[162],"uses":[163],"discrete":[164],"Fourier":[165],"transform-based":[166],"approximate":[167],"correlation":[168],"reduce":[170],"overhead;":[173],"takes":[175],"new":[177],"approach":[178],"directly":[180],"compute":[181],"relative":[183],"device":[184],"orientation":[185],"without":[186],"using":[187],"acceleration":[188],"infer":[190],"more":[193],"precisely.":[194],"In":[195],"experiments":[197],"50":[199],"subjects,":[200],"produced":[202],"false":[203,211],"negative":[204],"rates":[205,213],"3.6%":[207],"less":[209],"positive":[212],"1.69%":[215],"less.":[217],"We":[218],"conclude":[219],"operates":[222],"properly":[223],"under":[224],"various":[225],"usage":[226],"cases":[227],"robust":[230],"sophisticated":[232],"attacks.":[233]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}