{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399111096","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transfun.2024eap1015","title":"Pool-Unet: A Novel Tongue Image Segmentation Method Based on Pool-Former and Multi-Task Mask Learning","display_name":"Pool-Unet: A Novel Tongue Image Segmentation Method Based on Pool-Former and Multi-Task Mask Learning","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399111096","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transfun.2024eap1015"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1587/transfun.2024eap1015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transfun.2024eap1015","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/transfun/advpub/0/advpub_2024EAP1015/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166990724","display_name":"IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics Communications and Computer Sciences","issn_l":"0916-8508","issn":["0916-8508","1745-1337"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800604","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800604"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/transfun/advpub/0/advpub_2024EAP1015/_pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104315239","display_name":"Xiangrun LI","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20942203","display_name":"Hainan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q648j11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143413998","display_name":"Qingdao University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/041j8js14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143413998"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiangrun LI","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Hainan University","School of Information Science and Technology, Qingdao University of Science and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Hainan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Qingdao University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143413998"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104315240","display_name":"Qiyu SHENG","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143413998","display_name":"Qingdao University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/041j8js14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143413998"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiyu SHENG","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Data Science, Qingdao University of Science and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Data Science, Qingdao University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143413998"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104315241","display_name":"Guangda ZHOU","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143413998","display_name":"Qingdao University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/041j8js14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143413998"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangda ZHOU","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Qingdao University of Science and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Qingdao University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143413998"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066054377","display_name":"Jialong Wei","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143413998","display_name":"Qingdao University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/041j8js14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143413998"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jialong WEI","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Qingdao University of Science and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Qingdao University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143413998"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113231786","display_name":"Yanmin SHI","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6507939","display_name":"China United Network Communications Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/028w99c90","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanmin SHI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cloud Network, China Unicom","department of cloud network of China Unicom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cloud Network, China Unicom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"department of cloud network of China Unicom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100658759","display_name":"Zhen Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5825-5346"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143413998","display_name":"Qingdao University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/041j8js14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143413998"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhen ZHAO","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Qingdao University of Science and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Qingdao University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143413998"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100717754","display_name":"Yongwei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7884-0462"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongwei LI","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101559550","display_name":"Xingfeng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8958-0341"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20942203","display_name":"Hainan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q648j11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143413998","display_name":"Qingdao University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/041j8js14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143413998"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingfeng LI","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Hainan University","School of Information Science and Technology, Qingdao University of Science and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Hainan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Qingdao University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143413998"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066331204","display_name":"Yang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9976-8671"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143413998","display_name":"Qingdao University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/041j8js14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143413998"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang LIU","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Qingdao University of Science and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Qingdao University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143413998"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5104315239"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143413998","https://openalex.org/I20942203"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0616,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85970993,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"E107.A","issue":"10","first_page":"1609","last_page":"1620"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12647","display_name":"Traditional Chinese Medicine Studies","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12647","display_name":"Traditional Chinese Medicine Studies","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10515","display_name":"Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research","score":0.9621000289916992,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13122","display_name":"Linguistics and Cultural Studies","score":0.9416999816894531,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7613785862922668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.7082449197769165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7031556367874146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.615113377571106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.5734556317329407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.5183035731315613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tongue","display_name":"Tongue","score":0.48421335220336914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4817397892475128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.4514743387699127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4209626615047455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13668093085289001}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7613785862922668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.7082449197769165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7031556367874146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.615113377571106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.5734556317329407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.5183035731315613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779744641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9614","display_name":"Tongue","level":2,"score":0.48421335220336914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4817397892475128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.4514743387699127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4209626615047455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13668093085289001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1587/transfun.2024eap1015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transfun.2024eap1015","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/transfun/advpub/0/advpub_2024EAP1015/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166990724","display_name":"IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics Communications and Computer Sciences","issn_l":"0916-8508","issn":["0916-8508","1745-1337"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800604","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800604"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1587/transfun.2024eap1015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transfun.2024eap1015","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/transfun/advpub/0/advpub_2024EAP1015/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166990724","display_name":"IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics Communications and Computer Sciences","issn_l":"0916-8508","issn":["0916-8508","1745-1337"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800604","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800604"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.75,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4399111096.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W2112238126","https://openalex.org/W2786524046","https://openalex.org/W2789805683","https://openalex.org/W2884436604","https://openalex.org/W2890385962","https://openalex.org/W2901075030","https://openalex.org/W2966823445","https://openalex.org/W2979519420","https://openalex.org/W3088873647","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W3163401144","https://openalex.org/W3168491317","https://openalex.org/W3192504607","https://openalex.org/W3214752821","https://openalex.org/W4214634256","https://openalex.org/W4280505312","https://openalex.org/W4312820606","https://openalex.org/W4319301579","https://openalex.org/W4321232185"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3136794468","https://openalex.org/W2367950022","https://openalex.org/W2365707941","https://openalex.org/W2366141844","https://openalex.org/W2383946220","https://openalex.org/W2358428239","https://openalex.org/W3011636953","https://openalex.org/W2351206852","https://openalex.org/W3212410916","https://openalex.org/W1522196789"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automated":[0],"tongue":[1,12,50,59,74,162],"segmentation":[2,23],"plays":[3],"a":[4,40,79,89,94,102,109,133],"crucial":[5],"role":[6],"in":[7,17,62,190],"the":[8,73,76,85,142,148,151,161,168],"realm":[9],"of":[10,54,78,147],"computer-aided":[11],"diagnosis.":[13],"The":[14],"challenge":[15],"lies":[16],"developing":[18],"algorithms":[19],"that":[20,165],"achieve":[21],"higher":[22],"accuracy":[24],"and":[25,30,45,66,70,93,108,123,129,144,154,184,187,196],"maintain":[26,116],"less":[27],"memory":[28],"space":[29],"swift":[31],"inference":[32,182],"capabilities.":[33],"To":[34],"relieve":[35],"this":[36],"issue,":[37],"we":[38,56,83],"propose":[39,84],"novel":[41],"Pool-unet":[42,86],"integrating":[43],"Pool-former":[44,91],"Multi-task":[46,134,152],"mask":[47,135],"learning":[48,136],"for":[49,106,113],"image":[51],"segmentation.":[52],"First":[53],"all,":[55],"collected":[57],"756":[58],"images":[60],"taken":[61],"various":[63],"shooting":[64],"environments":[65],"from":[67],"different":[68],"angles":[69],"accurately":[71],"labeled":[72],"under":[75],"guidance":[77],"medical":[80],"professional.":[81],"Second,":[82],"model,":[87],"combining":[88],"hierarchical":[90],"module":[92],"U-shaped":[95],"symmetric":[96],"encoder-decoder":[97],"with":[98],"skip-connections,":[99],"which":[100,140],"utilizes":[101],"patch":[103,110],"expanding":[104],"layer":[105,112],"up-sampling":[107],"embedding":[111],"down-sampling":[114],"to":[115,119,167],"spatial":[117],"resolution,":[118],"effectively":[120],"capture":[121],"global":[122],"local":[124],"information":[125],"using":[126],"fewer":[127,176],"parameters":[128],"faster":[130,181],"inference.":[131],"Finally,":[132],"strategy":[137],"is":[138],"designed,":[139],"improves":[141],"generalization":[143],"anti-interference":[145],"ability":[146],"model":[149,177],"through":[150],"pre-training":[153],"self-supervised":[155],"fine-tuning":[156],"stages.":[157],"Experimental":[158],"results":[159],"on":[160],"dataset":[163],"show":[164],"compared":[166],"state-of-the-art":[169],"method":[170,173],"(OET-NET),":[171],"our":[172],"has":[174],"25%":[175],"parameters,":[178],"achieves":[179],"22%":[180],"times,":[183],"exhibits":[185],"0.91%":[186],"0.55%":[188],"improvements":[189],"Mean":[191,197],"Intersection":[192],"Over":[193],"Union":[194],"(MIOU),":[195],"Pixel":[198],"Accuracy":[199],"(MPA),":[200],"respectively.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}