{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3120764216","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transele.2020cdp0009","title":"Energy Efficient Approximate Storing of Image Data for MTJ Based Non-Volatile Flip-Flops and MRAM","display_name":"Energy Efficient Approximate Storing of Image Data for MTJ Based Non-Volatile Flip-Flops and MRAM","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3120764216","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transele.2020cdp0009","mag":"3120764216"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1587/transele.2020cdp0009","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transele.2020cdp0009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2489501747","display_name":"IEICE Transactions on Electronics","issn_l":"0916-8524","issn":["0916-8524","1745-1353"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800604","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800604"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEICE Transactions on Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025784271","display_name":"Yoshinori Ono","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171481255","display_name":"Shibaura Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/020wjcq07","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171481255"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yoshinori ONO","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171481255"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030692253","display_name":"Kimiyoshi Usami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-3313"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171481255","display_name":"Shibaura Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/020wjcq07","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171481255"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kimiyoshi USAMI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology","Research Center for Green Innovation, Shibaura Institute of Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171481255"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Green Innovation, Shibaura Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171481255"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025784271"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171481255"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1528,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.45971033,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"E104.C","issue":"7","first_page":"338","last_page":"349"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7386866807937622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetoresistive-random-access-memory","display_name":"Magnetoresistive random-access memory","score":0.7123929858207703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.5470784306526184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-quality","display_name":"Image quality","score":0.5314857959747314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4912986159324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.4829515814781189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaling","display_name":"Scaling","score":0.4780607521533966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.4569873809814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.45182886719703674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.4211040139198303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.37113574147224426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3358139991760254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.269548624753952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2417835295200348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.16260844469070435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10612809658050537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-access-memory","display_name":"Random access memory","score":0.10063236951828003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08144214749336243}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7386866807937622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46891859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061546","display_name":"Magnetoresistive random-access memory","level":3,"score":0.7123929858207703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5470784306526184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55020928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813865","display_name":"Image quality","level":3,"score":0.5314857959747314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4912986159324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4829515814781189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.4780607521533966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.4569873809814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.45182886719703674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.4211040139198303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.37113574147224426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3358139991760254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.269548624753952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2417835295200348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.16260844469070435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10612809658050537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994168587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5295","display_name":"Random access memory","level":2,"score":0.10063236951828003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08144214749336243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1587/transele.2020cdp0009","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transele.2020cdp0009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2489501747","display_name":"IEICE Transactions on Electronics","issn_l":"0916-8524","issn":["0916-8524","1745-1353"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800604","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800604"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEICE Transactions on Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964643833","https://openalex.org/W2003777196","https://openalex.org/W2006198238","https://openalex.org/W2010216838","https://openalex.org/W2023605844","https://openalex.org/W2057168175","https://openalex.org/W2069012355","https://openalex.org/W2073801038","https://openalex.org/W2118683741","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2142897663","https://openalex.org/W2150049803","https://openalex.org/W2265166184","https://openalex.org/W2317199330","https://openalex.org/W2543205889","https://openalex.org/W2760836853","https://openalex.org/W2766355005","https://openalex.org/W2901507904","https://openalex.org/W3028321762","https://openalex.org/W3084832031","https://openalex.org/W4235001503"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3146164987","https://openalex.org/W2141626281","https://openalex.org/W2086829516","https://openalex.org/W1641143370","https://openalex.org/W2128922810","https://openalex.org/W2472395098","https://openalex.org/W1908441109","https://openalex.org/W1579280934","https://openalex.org/W2047360450","https://openalex.org/W2118756465"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"non-volatile":[1,124],"memory":[2,130],"(NVM)":[3],"employing":[4],"MTJ":[5],"has":[6],"a":[7,27,127],"lot":[8,28],"of":[9,29,57,80,245],"strong":[10],"points":[11],"such":[12],"as":[13],"read/write":[14],"performance,":[15],"best":[16],"endurance":[17],"and":[18,100,111,126,148,169,182,220,251],"operating-voltage":[19],"compatibility":[20],"with":[21,93],"standard":[22],"CMOS.":[23],"However,":[24],"it":[25],"consumes":[26],"energy":[30,85,99,180,198,236,259],"when":[31,39,225,238],"writing":[32,88],"the":[33,55,58,63,77,94,97,101,108,112,137,141,146,149,158,166,170,175,178,196,207,214,217,221,235,257,266],"data.":[34],"This":[35],"becomes":[36],"an":[37,51,71,118],"obstacle":[38],"applying":[40,239],"to":[41,53,75,91,107,135,144,203,242],"battery-operated":[42],"mobile":[43],"devices.":[44],"To":[45],"solve":[46],"this":[47,227],"problem,":[48],"we":[49,161,233],"propose":[50,117],"approach":[52,228,241],"augment":[54],"capability":[56],"precision":[59,95],"scaling":[60,69],"technique":[61,74],"for":[62,84,123,152,165],"write":[64,98,109,136,150,167,179,197,258],"operation":[65],"in":[66,229],"NVM.":[67],"Precision":[68],"is":[70,260],"approximate":[72,120],"computing":[73],"reduce":[76],"bit":[78,114,142,154,172],"width":[79],"data":[81,90,138,147],"(i.e.":[82],"precision)":[83],"reduction.":[86],"When":[87],"image":[89,102,183,209,223,246],"NVM":[92],"scaling,":[96],"quality":[103,184,224],"are":[104],"changed":[105],"according":[106],"time":[110,151,168],"target":[113],"range.":[115,155],"We":[116,211],"energy-efficient":[119],"storing":[121],"scheme":[122],"flip-flops":[125],"magnetic":[128],"random-access":[129],"(MRAM)":[131],"that":[132,190,256],"allows":[133],"us":[134],"by":[139,191,262],"optimizing":[140],"positions":[143],"split":[145],"each":[153],"By":[156],"using":[157,192,226],"statistical":[159],"model,":[160],"obtained":[162],"optimal":[163,194],"values":[164,195],"targeted":[171],"range":[173],"under":[174],"trade-off":[176],"between":[177,216],"reduction":[181],"degradation.":[185],"Simulation":[186],"results":[187],"have":[188],"demonstrated":[189],"these":[193],"can":[199],"be":[200],"reduced":[201,261],"up":[202],"50%":[204],"while":[205],"maintaining":[206],"acceptable":[208],"quality.":[210],"also":[212],"investigated":[213],"relationship":[215],"input":[218],"images":[219],"output":[222],"detail.":[230],"In":[231],"addition,":[232],"evaluated":[234],"benefits":[237],"our":[240],"nine":[243],"types":[244],"processing":[247],"including":[248],"linear":[249],"filters":[250],"edge":[252],"detectors.":[253],"Results":[254],"showed":[255],"further":[263],"12.5%":[264],"at":[265],"maximum.":[267]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}