{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3015725385","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transele.2019esp0005","title":"A Study on Function-Expansion-Based Topology Optimization without Gray Area for Optimal Design of Photonic Devices","display_name":"A Study on Function-Expansion-Based Topology Optimization without Gray Area for Optimal Design of Photonic Devices","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3015725385","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transele.2019esp0005","mag":"3015725385"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1587/transele.2019esp0005","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transele.2019esp0005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2489501747","display_name":"IEICE Transactions on Electronics","issn_l":"0916-8524","issn":["0916-8524","1745-1353"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800604","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800604"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEICE Transactions on Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://muroran-it.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/10410","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053244786","display_name":"Masato Tomiyasu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41725924","display_name":"Muroran Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04rymkk69","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41725924"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Masato TOMIYASU","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information and Electronic Eng., Muroran Institute of Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information and Electronic Eng., Muroran Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41725924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084337096","display_name":"Keita Morimoto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1798-1696"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41725924","display_name":"Muroran Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04rymkk69","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41725924"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keita MORIMOTO","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information and Electronic Eng., Muroran Institute of Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information and Electronic Eng., Muroran Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41725924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085649107","display_name":"Akito Iguchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5210-7243"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41725924","display_name":"Muroran Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04rymkk69","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41725924"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akito IGUCHI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information and Electronic Eng., Muroran Institute of Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information and Electronic Eng., Muroran Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41725924"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017431403","display_name":"Yasuhid\u00e9 Tsuji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5213-6522"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41725924","display_name":"Muroran Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04rymkk69","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41725924"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasuhide TSUJI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information and Electronic Eng., Muroran Institute of Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information and Electronic Eng., Muroran Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41725924"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053244786"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41725924"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.826,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7170608,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"E103.C","issue":"11","first_page":"560","last_page":"566"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10666","display_name":"Photonic Crystals and Applications","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10666","display_name":"Photonic Crystals and Applications","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9876999855041504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11517","display_name":"Advanced optical system design","score":0.9613999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology-optimization","display_name":"Topology optimization","score":0.6924403309822083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photonics","display_name":"Photonics","score":0.5344485640525818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.5249754786491394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gray","display_name":"Gray (unit)","score":0.503121554851532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4542657732963562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.336635947227478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.30319279432296753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.20075392723083496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.13042926788330078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.12128713726997375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-element-method","display_name":"Finite element method","score":0.083915114402771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.0741637647151947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.06878897547721863}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189216461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2443456","display_name":"Topology optimization","level":3,"score":0.6924403309822083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20788544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467054","display_name":"Photonics","level":2,"score":0.5344485640525818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.5249754786491394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166275286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190095","display_name":"Gray (unit)","level":2,"score":0.503121554851532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4542657732963562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.336635947227478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.30319279432296753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.20075392723083496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.13042926788330078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.12128713726997375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135628077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220184","display_name":"Finite element method","level":2,"score":0.083915114402771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0741637647151947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.06878897547721863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1587/transele.2019esp0005","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transele.2019esp0005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2489501747","display_name":"IEICE Transactions on Electronics","issn_l":"0916-8524","issn":["0916-8524","1745-1353"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800604","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800604"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEICE Transactions on Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:irdb.nii.ac.jp:01177:0004734200","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://muroran-it.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/10410","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407056385","display_name":"Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184597095","host_organization_name":"National Institute of Informatics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184597095"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEICE Transactions on Electronics","raw_type":"journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:muroran-it.repo.nii.ac.jp:00010410","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400524","display_name":"Muroran Institute of Technology Academic Resources Archieve (Muroran Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I41725924","host_organization_name":"Muroran Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41725924"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"VoR"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:irdb.nii.ac.jp:01177:0004734200","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://muroran-it.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/10410","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407056385","display_name":"Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184597095","host_organization_name":"National Institute of Informatics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184597095"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEICE Transactions on Electronics","raw_type":"journal article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1929077562","https://openalex.org/W1984722641","https://openalex.org/W1996755602","https://openalex.org/W2013470179","https://openalex.org/W2013923018","https://openalex.org/W2032976201","https://openalex.org/W2050638724","https://openalex.org/W2053058565","https://openalex.org/W2070053583","https://openalex.org/W2102008695","https://openalex.org/W2113093314","https://openalex.org/W2136748403","https://openalex.org/W2142542983","https://openalex.org/W2171659154","https://openalex.org/W2610434393","https://openalex.org/W2744735144","https://openalex.org/W2784648660","https://openalex.org/W2805033270","https://openalex.org/W2898046667","https://openalex.org/W2902985808","https://openalex.org/W2921258134","https://openalex.org/W2989480113","https://openalex.org/W3105195789"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2081304691","https://openalex.org/W3018492858","https://openalex.org/W279903623","https://openalex.org/W2127556255","https://openalex.org/W2966667525","https://openalex.org/W2990978426","https://openalex.org/W1978429002","https://openalex.org/W3096144756","https://openalex.org/W2892465069"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,18,85,96],"this":[1,54,71,86,97],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,88],"reformulate":[4],"a":[5,148,153],"sensitivity":[6],"analysis":[7],"method":[8,13],"for":[9,82],"function-expansion-based":[10],"topology":[11,91],"optimization":[12,92],"without":[14,93],"using":[15,56],"gray":[16,30,57,94,101],"area.":[17,95],"the":[19,45,108,112,115,118,124,136],"conventional":[20],"approach":[21,55,72,140],"based":[22],"on":[23],"function":[24],"expansion":[25],"method,":[26],"permittivity":[27,46],"distribution":[28],"contains":[29],"materials,":[31],"which":[32],"are":[33],"intermediate":[34],"materials":[35],"between":[36],"core":[37],"and":[38,152],"cladding":[39],"ones,":[40],"so":[41],"as":[42],"to":[43,50,69,73,131,144],"let":[44],"differentiable":[47],"with":[48,117,129],"respect":[49,130],"design":[51,74,132,145],"variables.":[52,133],"Since":[53],"area":[58,102,109],"dose":[59],"not":[60,67],"express":[61],"material":[62],"boundary":[63,127],"exactly,":[64],"it":[65,143],"is":[66],"desirable":[68],"apply":[70],"problems":[75,146],"of":[76,100,111,114,126,138,147],"strongly":[77],"guiding":[78],"waveguide":[79],"devices,":[80],"especially":[81],"plasmonic":[83],"waveguides.":[84],"study,":[87],"present":[89],"function-expansion-method-based":[90],"approach,":[98],"use":[99],"can":[103],"be":[104],"avoided":[105],"by":[106],"replacing":[107],"integral":[110,120],"derivative":[113],"matrix":[116],"line":[119],"taking":[121],"into":[122],"acount":[123],"rate":[125],"deviation":[128],"We":[134],"verify":[135],"validity":[137],"our":[139],"through":[141],"applying":[142],"T-branching":[149],"power":[150],"splitter":[151],"mode":[154],"order":[155],"converter.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}