{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4289081812","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transcom.2022ebp3045","title":"A SOM-CNN Algorithm for NLOS Signal Identification","display_name":"A SOM-CNN Algorithm for NLOS Signal Identification","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4289081812","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transcom.2022ebp3045"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1587/transcom.2022ebp3045","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transcom.2022ebp3045","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2493627025","display_name":"IEICE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0916-8516","issn":["0916-8516","1745-1345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800604","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800604"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEICE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007772195","display_name":"Zefu Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2769-0975"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148107","display_name":"Space Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rj1td02","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ze Fu GAO","raw_affiliation_strings":["Space Engineering University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Engineering University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075665858","display_name":"Hai Cheng TAO","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148107","display_name":"Space Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rj1td02","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hai Cheng TAO","raw_affiliation_strings":["Space Engineering University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Engineering University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012557589","display_name":"Qinyu Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3736-3222"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148107","display_name":"Space Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rj1td02","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qin Yu ZHU","raw_affiliation_strings":["Space Engineering University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Engineering University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057231686","display_name":"Yi Wen JIAO","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148107","display_name":"Space Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rj1td02","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Wen JIAO","raw_affiliation_strings":["Space Engineering University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Engineering University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100407453","display_name":"Dong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5084-3781"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148107","display_name":"Space Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rj1td02","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong LI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Space Engineering University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Engineering University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113676153","display_name":"Fei Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7001-7445"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148107","display_name":"Space Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rj1td02","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Long MAO","raw_affiliation_strings":["Space Engineering University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Engineering University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100323270","display_name":"Chao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2647-0740"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148107","display_name":"Space Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rj1td02","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao LI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Space Engineering University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Engineering University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049639638","display_name":"Yi Tong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148107","display_name":"Space Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rj1td02","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Tong SI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Space Engineering University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Engineering University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065774813","display_name":"Yu Xin WANG","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148107","display_name":"Space Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rj1td02","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Xin WANG","raw_affiliation_strings":["Space Engineering University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Engineering University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148107"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.06248176,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"E106.B","issue":"2","first_page":"117","last_page":"132"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12024","display_name":"Ultra-Wideband Communications Technology","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-line-of-sight-propagation","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","score":0.9184421300888062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8690351247787476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6439570784568787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.6288838386535645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5650467872619629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5577660202980042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5574688911437988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.49694111943244934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.476214736700058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.4732787311077118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.12350749969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08042517304420471}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154910267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1740982","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","level":3,"score":0.9184421300888062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8690351247787476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6439570784568787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6288838386535645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5650467872619629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5577660202980042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5574688911437988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.49694111943244934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.476214736700058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4732787311077118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.12350749969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08042517304420471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1587/transcom.2022ebp3045","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1587/transcom.2022ebp3045","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2493627025","display_name":"IEICE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0916-8516","issn":["0916-8516","1745-1345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800604","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800604"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEICE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1927744280","https://openalex.org/W1932847118","https://openalex.org/W2037771503","https://openalex.org/W2075403247","https://openalex.org/W2075744751","https://openalex.org/W2085069379","https://openalex.org/W2089947415","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2122646546","https://openalex.org/W2124216931","https://openalex.org/W2136655611","https://openalex.org/W2148063475","https://openalex.org/W2161875598","https://openalex.org/W2162718622","https://openalex.org/W2171029749","https://openalex.org/W2230051723","https://openalex.org/W2351479682","https://openalex.org/W2583298792","https://openalex.org/W2623298060","https://openalex.org/W2741747346","https://openalex.org/W2764032921","https://openalex.org/W2776024871","https://openalex.org/W2892417760","https://openalex.org/W2897132279","https://openalex.org/W2906226899","https://openalex.org/W2913292019","https://openalex.org/W2913895065","https://openalex.org/W2973124323","https://openalex.org/W2998432688","https://openalex.org/W3021587713","https://openalex.org/W3098143411","https://openalex.org/W3119243636","https://openalex.org/W3131850450","https://openalex.org/W3154590394","https://openalex.org/W3162310187","https://openalex.org/W3163353708","https://openalex.org/W4233518571"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2172272784","https://openalex.org/W4307436769","https://openalex.org/W4323793210","https://openalex.org/W2366306259","https://openalex.org/W3101720559","https://openalex.org/W2143447014","https://openalex.org/W3172283447","https://openalex.org/W2110478555","https://openalex.org/W2109871577","https://openalex.org/W2358825988"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Aiming":[0],"at":[1],"the":[2,19,66,86,91,110,115,131],"problem":[3,116],"of":[4,6,21,69,117],"non-line":[5],"sight":[7],"(NLOS)":[8],"signal":[9,80,94,120,124],"recognition":[10,47,87,95,121],"for":[11],"Ultra":[12],"Wide":[13],"Band":[14],"(UWB)":[15],"positioning,":[16],"we":[17],"utilize":[18],"concepts":[20],"Neural":[22,26],"Network":[23,27],"Clustering":[24],"and":[25,45,62],"Pattern":[28],"Recognition.":[29],"We":[30],"propose":[31],"a":[32,46,77],"classification":[33],"algorithm":[34,48,96,112,133],"based":[35,49],"on":[36,50],"self-organizing":[37],"feature":[38],"mapping":[39],"(SOM)":[40],"neural":[41,52],"network":[42,53],"batch":[43],"processing,":[44],"convolutional":[51],"(CNN).":[54],"By":[55],"assigning":[56],"different":[57],"weights":[58],"to":[59,84],"learning,":[60],"training":[61],"testing":[63],"parts":[64],"in":[65],"data":[67,100],"set":[68],"UWB":[70,118],"location":[71],"signals":[72],"with":[73,139],"given":[74],"known":[75],"patterns,":[76],"strong":[78,123],"NLOS":[79,93,119],"recognizer":[81],"is":[82,97,134],"trained":[83],"minimize":[85],"error":[88],"rate.":[89],"Finally,":[90],"proposed":[92,111,132],"verified":[98],"using":[99],"sets":[101],"from":[102],"real":[103],"scenarios.":[104],"The":[105,126],"test":[106],"results":[107,128],"show":[108],"that":[109,130],"can":[113],"solve":[114],"under":[122],"interference.":[125],"simulation":[127],"illustrate":[129],"significantly":[135],"more":[136],"effective":[137],"compared":[138],"other":[140],"algorithms.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}