{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2758089185","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15439/2017f77","title":"BAGS: A Tool to Quantify Smart Grid Resilience","display_name":"BAGS: A Tool to Quantify Smart Grid Resilience","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-09-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2758089185","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15439/2017f77","mag":"2758089185"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.15439/2017f77","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.15439/2017f77","pdf_url":"https://annals-csis.org/proceedings/2017/drp/pdf/77.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220651875","display_name":"Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems","issn_l":"2300-5963","issn":["2300-5963"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317484","host_organization_name":"Polskie Towarzystwo Informatyczne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317484"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Polskie Towarzystwo Informatyczne"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://annals-csis.org/proceedings/2017/drp/pdf/77.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028216708","display_name":"Yatin Wadhawan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4656-1095"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yatin Wadhawan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California University of Southern California Los Angeles, USA Los Angeles, USA","Department of Computer Science Information Science Institute"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California University of Southern California Los Angeles, USA Los Angeles, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science Information Science Institute","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071252756","display_name":"Clifford Neuman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4318-0721"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Clifford Neuman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science Information Science Institute","University of Southern California University of Southern California Los Angeles, USA Los Angeles, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science Information Science Institute","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California University of Southern California Los Angeles, USA Los Angeles, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028216708"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6232,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78734694,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"323","last_page":"332"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7681626677513123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.7127907276153564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","score":0.6523844003677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.628471314907074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-network","display_name":"Bayesian network","score":0.6031920313835144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.595108151435852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchy","display_name":"Hierarchy","score":0.5586796998977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.4749099016189575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.4597715139389038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability-assessment","display_name":"Vulnerability assessment","score":0.4375549852848053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.4245142638683319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.32049888372421265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2849794626235962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.20594626665115356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-resilience","display_name":"Psychological resilience","score":0.15533480048179626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14825952053070068}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7681626677513123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.7127907276153564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.6523844003677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.628471314907074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33724603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812540","display_name":"Bayesian network","level":2,"score":0.6031920313835144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.595108151435852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.5586796998977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4749099016189575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.4597715139389038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167063184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1400839","display_name":"Vulnerability assessment","level":3,"score":0.4375549852848053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4245142638683319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.32049888372421265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2849794626235962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.20594626665115356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137176749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4105337","display_name":"Psychological resilience","level":2,"score":0.15533480048179626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14825952053070068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.15439/2017f77","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.15439/2017f77","pdf_url":"https://annals-csis.org/proceedings/2017/drp/pdf/77.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220651875","display_name":"Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems","issn_l":"2300-5963","issn":["2300-5963"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317484","host_organization_name":"Polskie Towarzystwo Informatyczne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317484"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Polskie Towarzystwo Informatyczne"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.15439/2017f77","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.15439/2017f77","pdf_url":"https://annals-csis.org/proceedings/2017/drp/pdf/77.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220651875","display_name":"Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems","issn_l":"2300-5963","issn":["2300-5963"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317484","host_organization_name":"Polskie Towarzystwo Informatyczne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317484"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Polskie Towarzystwo Informatyczne"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308204","display_name":"Northrop Grumman","ror":"https://ror.org/05kewds18"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2758089185.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2758089185.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W283324283","https://openalex.org/W324839447","https://openalex.org/W1574056277","https://openalex.org/W1996560795","https://openalex.org/W2007659052","https://openalex.org/W2052621349","https://openalex.org/W2131875370","https://openalex.org/W2268434391","https://openalex.org/W2296526677","https://openalex.org/W2329399643","https://openalex.org/W2338949789","https://openalex.org/W2406810199","https://openalex.org/W2505999616","https://openalex.org/W2563412415","https://openalex.org/W2563801730","https://openalex.org/W4229932489","https://openalex.org/W4237248368","https://openalex.org/W4293454977"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2365264209","https://openalex.org/W962203960","https://openalex.org/W2026999166","https://openalex.org/W1599954583","https://openalex.org/W1996802783","https://openalex.org/W2509431957","https://openalex.org/W4211007821","https://openalex.org/W2802395037","https://openalex.org/W4389565704","https://openalex.org/W2380760315"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,118],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"present":[4],"the":[5,20,79,87,100,105,111,125,132,144],"Bayesian":[6,42,57,81],"Attack":[7],"Graph":[8],"for":[9],"Smart":[10],"Grid":[11],"(BAGS)":[12],"tool":[13],"to":[14,98,142,154],"quantify":[15],"smart":[16,62,133],"grid":[17,63,134,152],"resilience":[18],"in":[19,147],"presence":[21],"of":[22,48,83,102,107,127,131],"multiple":[23],"cyber-physical":[24],"attacks.":[25],"BAGS":[26,140],"takes":[27],"system":[28,122,135],"functions,":[29],"network":[30,53,96],"architecture,":[31],"applications":[32],"and":[33,39,77,104,123,163,167],"a":[34,71,75,94],"vulnerability":[35],"report":[36],"as":[37],"input":[38],"generates":[40],"three":[41,45],"Networks":[43],"at":[44,86,110],"different":[46],"levels":[47],"hierarchy.":[49],"The":[50],"top":[51],"level":[52],"is":[54],"called":[55],"Functional":[56],"Network":[58,80,82],"that":[59,84,157],"defines":[60],"how":[61],"functions":[64],"are":[65],"connected.":[66],"System":[67,114],"engineers":[68,115],"can":[69,91,116,159],"select":[70],"particular":[72,95],"function":[73,85,153],"on":[74,136],"dashboard":[76],"view":[78],"second":[88],"level.":[89,113],"They":[90],"also":[92],"choose":[93],"component":[97,130],"see":[99],"list":[101],"vulnerabilities":[103],"probability":[106],"associated":[108],"compromise":[109],"third":[112],"incorporate":[117],"functionality":[119],"into":[120],"their":[121],"analyze":[124],"impact":[126],"any":[128],"compromised":[129],"its":[137],"resilience.":[138],"Furthermore,":[139],"helps":[141],"identify":[143],"failure":[145],"paths":[146],"advance":[148],"from":[149],"one":[150],"power":[151],"another":[155],"so":[156],"they":[158],"devise":[160],"secure":[161],"strategies":[162],"deploy":[164],"resources":[165],"effectively":[166],"efficiently.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
