{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1976633497","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1518/001872097778667915","title":"Spatial Discrimination in Three-Dimensional Displays as a Function of Computer Graphics Eyepoint Elevation and Stereoscopic Viewing","display_name":"Spatial Discrimination in Three-Dimensional Displays as a Function of Computer Graphics Eyepoint Elevation and Stereoscopic Viewing","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1976633497","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1518/001872097778667915","mag":"1976633497"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1518/001872097778667915","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1518/001872097778667915","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83386566","display_name":"Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","issn_l":"0018-7208","issn":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109210196","display_name":"Claudia Hendrix","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800403580","display_name":"University of Minnesota System","ror":"https://ror.org/03grvy078","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800403580"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Claudia Hendrix","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800403580"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081899987","display_name":"Woodrow Barfield","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Woodrow Barfield","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia;"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109210196"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800403580"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7133,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74890511,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"4","first_page":"602","last_page":"617"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11904","display_name":"Spatial Cognition and Navigation","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elevation","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","score":0.8336275815963745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/azimuth","display_name":"Azimuth","score":0.7075191736221313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stereoscopy","display_name":"Stereoscopy","score":0.667422890663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics","score":0.6278204321861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5420092344284058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.5224801301956177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.5030099749565125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monocular","display_name":"Monocular","score":0.449493408203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.42858651280403137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depth-perception","display_name":"Depth perception","score":0.41896551847457886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.41831329464912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4180065393447876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11784425377845764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.07955273985862732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.0720987319946289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.0697525143623352}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37054046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641888","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","level":2,"score":0.8336275815963745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159737794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124274","display_name":"Azimuth","level":2,"score":0.7075191736221313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126057942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35158","display_name":"Stereoscopy","level":2,"score":0.667422890663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77660652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150971","display_name":"Computer graphics","level":2,"score":0.6278204321861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5420092344284058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.5224801301956177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.5030099749565125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65909025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1945033","display_name":"Monocular","level":2,"score":0.449493408203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42858651280403137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52672216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1749840","display_name":"Depth perception","level":3,"score":0.41896551847457886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.41831329464912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4180065393447876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11784425377845764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.07955273985862732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.0720987319946289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0697525143623352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1518/001872097778667915","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1518/001872097778667915","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83386566","display_name":"Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","issn_l":"0018-7208","issn":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"score":0.4699999988079071,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research","ror":"https://ror.org/011e9bt93"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W214937579","https://openalex.org/W1493414683","https://openalex.org/W1911680739","https://openalex.org/W1969582478","https://openalex.org/W1970630328","https://openalex.org/W1975274588","https://openalex.org/W1978579144","https://openalex.org/W1989518033","https://openalex.org/W2038146526","https://openalex.org/W2051205471","https://openalex.org/W2063457288","https://openalex.org/W2076707304","https://openalex.org/W2098893916","https://openalex.org/W2118996032","https://openalex.org/W2162073795","https://openalex.org/W2889194715","https://openalex.org/W3183891220","https://openalex.org/W4237272304","https://openalex.org/W4244806114","https://openalex.org/W4300748935"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2074216034","https://openalex.org/W2257095280","https://openalex.org/W2074585893","https://openalex.org/W2073100926","https://openalex.org/W2100767936","https://openalex.org/W2566445787","https://openalex.org/W1978189035","https://openalex.org/W1976277412","https://openalex.org/W2785517206","https://openalex.org/W4213085014"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,140],"this":[1],"study":[2],"we":[3],"investigate":[4],"the":[5,27,36,71,121,125,142,156,161,172,177,180],"effects":[6],"of":[7,19,29,77,86,96,102,112,137,171,179],"computer":[8,47,126],"graphics":[9,48,127],"eyepoint":[10,49,63,84,100],"elevation,":[11],"display":[12,183],"type":[13],"(perspective":[14],"vs.":[15],"stereoscopic),":[16],"and":[17,38,52,67,80],"location":[18],"computer-generated":[20,43],"images":[21],"within":[22],"a":[23,54],"particular":[24],"quadrant":[25,122],"on":[26],"accuracy":[28],"spatial":[30,173],"judgments.":[31],"Twelve":[32],"volunteer":[33],"participants":[34,167],"judged":[35],"azimuth":[37,94],"elevation":[39,50,79,85,101,110,132],"separation":[40],"between":[41,65],"two":[42],"cubes":[44],"using":[45],"different":[46],"angles":[51],"either":[53],"stereoscopic":[55,146],"or":[56],"perspective":[57,153],"display.":[58],"The":[59],"results":[60,181],"indicated":[61,144],"that":[62,145],"elevations":[64],"15|dG":[66],"45|dG":[68],"led":[69],"to":[70,124],"best":[72],"overall":[73],"performance":[74,151,170],"for":[75,182],"judgments":[76,92,108,133],"both":[78],"azimuth.":[81],"Whereas":[82],"an":[83,99],"-15|dG":[87],"resulted":[88,104],"in":[89,93,105,109,120,131,160,165,168],"significantly":[90,106],"degraded":[91,107],"because":[95,111,136,155],"depth":[97,158],"compression,":[98],"75|dG":[103],"vertical":[113,138],"compression.":[114,139],"Furthermore,":[115],"when":[116],"objects":[117],"were":[118,134,163],"located":[119],"closest":[123],"eyepoint,":[128],"significant":[129],"degradation":[130],"observed":[135],"addition,":[141],"data":[143],"viewing":[147],"did":[148],"not":[149],"enhance":[150],"over":[152],"displays":[154],"monocular":[157],"cues":[159],"scene":[162],"effective":[164],"aiding":[166],"their":[169],"tasks.":[174],"We":[175],"discuss":[176],"implications":[178],"design.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}