{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2134984940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1518/001872008x288619","title":"Visual Misperception in Aviation: Glide Path Performance in a Black Hole Environment","display_name":"Visual Misperception in Aviation: Glide Path Performance in a Black Hole Environment","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2134984940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1518/001872008x288619","mag":"2134984940","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18767527"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1518/001872008x288619","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1518/001872008x288619","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83386566","display_name":"Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","issn_l":"0018-7208","issn":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073325869","display_name":"Randy Gibb","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I430641","display_name":"United States Air Force Academy","ror":"https://ror.org/0055d0g64","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I4210089612","https://openalex.org/I4210102105","https://openalex.org/I430641"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Randy Gibb","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Air Force Academy, Colorado,","US Air Force Academy, Colorado 80840, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Air Force Academy, Colorado,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I430641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"US Air Force Academy, Colorado 80840, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I430641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062185081","display_name":"Roger W. Schvaneveldt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3470-9141"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roger Schvaneveldt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Arizona State University, Mesa, Arizona","Arizona State University, Mesa, Arizona#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arizona State University, Mesa, Arizona","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arizona State University, Mesa, Arizona#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113729350","display_name":"Rob Gray","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rob Gray","raw_affiliation_strings":["Arizona State University, Mesa, Arizona","IAFSE-PS: Human Systems Engineering (HSE)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arizona State University, Mesa, Arizona","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IAFSE-PS: Human Systems Engineering (HSE)","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073325869"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I430641"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4122,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84529237,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"4","first_page":"699","last_page":"711"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.7134000062942505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.7134000062942505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12125","display_name":"Aerospace and Aviation Technology","score":0.06620000302791595,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.03759999945759773,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aviation","display_name":"Aviation","score":0.7260249853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aeronautics","display_name":"Aeronautics","score":0.6053261160850525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path","display_name":"Path (computing)","score":0.5738901495933533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.4730878472328186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3551504611968994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.31784898042678833}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74448152","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q765633","display_name":"Aviation","level":2,"score":0.7260249853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178802073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8421","display_name":"Aeronautics","level":1,"score":0.6053261160850525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5738901495933533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.4730878472328186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3551504611968994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.31784898042678833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001359","descriptor_name":"Aviation","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001359","descriptor_name":"Aviation","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001359","descriptor_name":"Aviation","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001359","descriptor_name":"Aviation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001359","descriptor_name":"Aviation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001359","descriptor_name":"Aviation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003624","descriptor_name":"Darkness","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003624","descriptor_name":"Darkness","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003624","descriptor_name":"Darkness","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009903","descriptor_name":"Optical Illusions","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009903","descriptor_name":"Optical Illusions","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009903","descriptor_name":"Optical Illusions","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013647","descriptor_name":"Task Performance and Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013647","descriptor_name":"Task Performance and Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013647","descriptor_name":"Task Performance and Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014796","descriptor_name":"Visual Perception","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014796","descriptor_name":"Visual Perception","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014796","descriptor_name":"Visual Perception","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1518/001872008x288619","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1518/001872008x288619","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83386566","display_name":"Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","issn_l":"0018-7208","issn":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18767527","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18767527","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human factors","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/f815c83e-8dee-4704-b454-cdd76f8b01b9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.birmingham.ac.uk/en/publications/f815c83e-8dee-4704-b454-cdd76f8b01b9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402634","display_name":"University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","host_organization_name":"University of Birmingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Gibb, R, Schvaneveldt, R & Gray, R 2008, 'Visual Misperception in Aviation: Glide Path Performance in a Black Hole Environment', Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 699-711. https://doi.org/10.1518/001872008X288619","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306078","display_name":"U.S. Department of Defense","ror":"https://ror.org/0447fe631"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306108","display_name":"U.S. Department of Transportation","ror":"https://ror.org/02xfw2e90"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309835","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337633","display_name":"U.S. Air Force Academy","ror":"https://ror.org/0055d0g64"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W36632291","https://openalex.org/W39164556","https://openalex.org/W128844101","https://openalex.org/W208666643","https://openalex.org/W303699391","https://openalex.org/W1480900988","https://openalex.org/W1503713732","https://openalex.org/W1509726571","https://openalex.org/W1557496348","https://openalex.org/W1820011992","https://openalex.org/W1926888910","https://openalex.org/W2004296553","https://openalex.org/W2032241962","https://openalex.org/W2037146600","https://openalex.org/W2039170454","https://openalex.org/W2044388988","https://openalex.org/W2048600025","https://openalex.org/W2059149682","https://openalex.org/W2060510797","https://openalex.org/W2062501446","https://openalex.org/W2068029705","https://openalex.org/W2077087579","https://openalex.org/W2077335777","https://openalex.org/W2085211332","https://openalex.org/W2089677658","https://openalex.org/W2096458847","https://openalex.org/W2247406551","https://openalex.org/W2273754588","https://openalex.org/W2404170012","https://openalex.org/W2503085089","https://openalex.org/W2543680447","https://openalex.org/W2794957743","https://openalex.org/W2795290731","https://openalex.org/W4205419488","https://openalex.org/W4211117651","https://openalex.org/W4236814579","https://openalex.org/W4245393395","https://openalex.org/W4254475471","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2497730527","https://openalex.org/W2254414496","https://openalex.org/W2890665354","https://openalex.org/W591202335","https://openalex.org/W319941286","https://openalex.org/W587136344","https://openalex.org/W851444952","https://openalex.org/W3184101823","https://openalex.org/W2228139345","https://openalex.org/W78353031"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"We":[1],"sought":[2],"to":[3,11,16,22,91,139,240],"improve":[4,140],"understanding":[5],"of":[6,77,100,134,169,204,211],"visual":[7,27,35,75,199,242,255],"perception":[8],"in":[9,14,33,61,98,129,192,234,244,252],"aviation":[10,38],"mitigate":[12],"mishaps":[13],"approaches":[15,72,181,189],"landing.":[17],"BACKGROUND:":[18],"Research":[19],"has":[20],"attempted":[21],"identify":[23],"the":[24,92,107,112,121,154,205,209,212],"most":[25],"salient":[26],"cues":[28,76],"for":[29],"glide":[30,42,51,96,141,157],"path":[31,43,52,97,142],"performance":[32,114],"impoverished":[34],"conditions.":[36],"Numerous":[37],"accidents":[39],"caused":[40],"by":[41,55],"overestimation":[44],"(GPO)":[45],"have":[46],"occurred":[47],"when":[48],"a":[49,56,124,165,217],"low":[50,156],"was":[53,88],"induced":[54,151],"black":[57,245],"hole":[58,246],"illusion":[59],"(BHI)":[60],"featureless":[62],"terrain":[63,79,136],"during":[64],"night":[65],"approaches.":[66],"METHOD:":[67],"Twenty":[68],"pilots":[69,177,223],"flew":[70,178],"simulated":[71],"under":[73],"various":[74],"random":[78,135],"objects":[80,137],"and":[81,103,117,144,153,172,197,248],"approach":[82,126,173],"lighting":[83],"system":[84],"(ALS)":[85],"configurations.":[86],"Performance":[87],"assessed":[89],"relative":[90],"desired":[93],"3":[94],"degrees":[95],"terms":[99],"precision,":[101],"bias,":[102],"stability.":[104],"RESULTS:":[105],"With":[106],"high-ratio":[108],"(long,":[109],"narrow)":[110],"runway,":[111],"overall":[113],"between":[115],"8.3":[116],"0.9":[118],"km":[119],"from":[120,164],"runway":[122,206],"depicted":[123],"concave":[125],"shape":[127],"found":[128],"BHI":[130],"mishaps.":[131],"The":[132,159,214],"addition":[133],"failed":[138],"performance,":[143,161],"an":[145],"ALS":[146,167],"commonly":[147],"used":[148,239],"at":[149],"airports":[150],"GPO":[152],"resulting":[155],"path.":[158],"worst":[160],"however,":[162],"resulted":[163],"combination":[166],"consisting":[168],"both":[170],"side":[171],"lights.":[174],"Surprisingly,":[175],"novice":[176,227],"more":[179],"stable":[180],"than":[182],"did":[183],"experienced":[184,222],"pilots.":[185,228],"CONCLUSIONS:":[186],"Low,":[187],"unsafe":[188],"occur":[190],"frequently":[191],"conditions":[193],"with":[194,226],"limited":[195,254],"global":[196],"local":[198],"cues.":[200],"Approach":[201],"lights":[202],"lateral":[203],"may":[207],"counter":[208],"bias":[210],"BHI.":[213],"variability":[215],"suggested":[216],"proactive,":[218],"cue-seeking":[219],"behavior":[220],"among":[221],"as":[224],"compared":[225],"APPLICATION:":[229],"Visual":[230],"spatial":[231],"disorientation":[232],"training":[233],"flight":[235],"simulators":[236],"should":[237],"be":[238],"demonstrate":[241],"misperceptions":[243],"environments":[247],"reduce":[249],"pilots'":[250],"confidence":[251],"their":[253],"capabilities.":[256]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}