{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2048527808","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1518/001872007779598019","title":"How Many Resources and How to Identify Them? Commentary on Boles et al. and Vidulich and Tsang","display_name":"How Many Resources and How to Identify Them? Commentary on Boles et al. and Vidulich and Tsang","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-01-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2048527808","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1518/001872007779598019","mag":"2048527808","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17315843"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1518/001872007779598019","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1518/001872007779598019","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83386566","display_name":"Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","issn_l":"0018-7208","issn":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"letter","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045650405","display_name":"Christopher D. Wickens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6789-4446"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16820183","display_name":"Illinois College","ror":"https://ror.org/02ys5x139","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16820183"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christopher D. Wickens","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois, Savoy, Illinois,","University of Illinois, Savoy, Illinois, USA. cwickens@alionscience.com"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois, Savoy, Illinois,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16820183","https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois, Savoy, Illinois, USA. cwickens@alionscience.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045650405"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225","https://openalex.org/I16820183"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.36128682,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68899702,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"1","first_page":"53","last_page":"56"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12607","display_name":"Personal Information Management and User Behavior","score":0.9812999963760376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.4572550654411316}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4572550654411316}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000704","descriptor_name":"Analysis of Variance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003071","descriptor_name":"Cognition","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005069","descriptor_name":"Evaluation Studies as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005163","descriptor_name":"Factor Analysis, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008962","descriptor_name":"Models, Theoretical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011237","descriptor_name":"Predictive Value of Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012107","descriptor_name":"Research Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012647","descriptor_name":"Self-Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013647","descriptor_name":"Task Performance and Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016526","descriptor_name":"Workload","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000704","descriptor_name":"Analysis of Variance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003071","descriptor_name":"Cognition","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005069","descriptor_name":"Evaluation Studies as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005163","descriptor_name":"Factor Analysis, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008962","descriptor_name":"Models, Theoretical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011237","descriptor_name":"Predictive Value of Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012107","descriptor_name":"Research Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012647","descriptor_name":"Self-Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013647","descriptor_name":"Task Performance and Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016526","descriptor_name":"Workload","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000704","descriptor_name":"Analysis of Variance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003071","descriptor_name":"Cognition","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005069","descriptor_name":"Evaluation Studies as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005163","descriptor_name":"Factor Analysis, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008962","descriptor_name":"Models, Theoretical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011237","descriptor_name":"Predictive Value of Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012107","descriptor_name":"Research Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012647","descriptor_name":"Self-Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013647","descriptor_name":"Task Performance and Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016526","descriptor_name":"Workload","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1518/001872007779598019","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1518/001872007779598019","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83386566","display_name":"Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","issn_l":"0018-7208","issn":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:17315843","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17315843","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human factors","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.49000000953674316}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1557496348","https://openalex.org/W1608685665","https://openalex.org/W1965090356","https://openalex.org/W1978104638","https://openalex.org/W1986474367","https://openalex.org/W1999053831","https://openalex.org/W2043143027","https://openalex.org/W2150196124","https://openalex.org/W2161644315","https://openalex.org/W2469972004","https://openalex.org/W2493542261","https://openalex.org/W2995067936","https://openalex.org/W3041953040","https://openalex.org/W4243311176","https://openalex.org/W6771612808"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2931662336","https://openalex.org/W2077865380","https://openalex.org/W2134894512","https://openalex.org/W2053487507","https://openalex.org/W2765597752","https://openalex.org/W2083375246","https://openalex.org/W2067108088","https://openalex.org/W2085372204","https://openalex.org/W2769102919"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"goal":[1],"of":[2,10,42,89,123,125,140,145,156,171,260,297,303,324],"human":[3,11],"factors":[4],"is":[5,232],"to":[6,35,81,110,159,213,244,293,312,320],"identify":[7],"theory-based":[8],"mechanisms":[9,41],"performance":[12,18],"that":[13,40,78,108,137,199,229,239,272,331],"can":[14,68,79],"account":[15,69,204],"for":[16,70,98,205],"meaningful":[17],"differences":[19,71],"in":[20,72,130,161,175,224,227,234,252,329],"real-world":[21],"tasks":[22,77,174,249],"and":[23,28,115,149,165,185,189,219,238,262,282,300],"settings.":[24],"Boles,":[25],"Bursk,":[26],"Phillips,":[27],"Perdelwitz":[29],"(2007,":[30,117,221],"this":[31,37,112,118,200,222],"issue)":[32,119,223],"set":[33],"out":[34],"do":[36],"by":[38,47],"demonstrating":[39],"multiple":[43,55,157,215,279],"resources,":[44],"as":[45,250],"assessed":[46],"a":[48,121,278],"method":[49],"different":[50],"from":[51],"the":[52,86,126,135,154,162,169,172,190,206,211,253,273,295,308,313,322,325,332],"more":[53,182,245],"conventional":[54],"resource":[56,216,280,343],"model":[57],"with":[58,128,277],"which":[59,307],"I":[60,92,100,269,284,291,318],"have":[61,266,336],"been":[62],"associated":[63],"(Wickens,":[64],"1980,":[65],"1984,":[66],"2002),":[67],"dual-task":[73],"interference":[74],"between":[75],"complex":[76],"generalize":[80],"real":[82,254],"world":[83],"tasks.":[84],"(In":[85],"preceding":[87],"characterization":[88],"their":[90,288],"research,":[91,127,306],"focus":[93],"only":[94],"on":[95,133],"Experiment":[96,176],"2,":[97],"reasons":[99],"will":[101,285],"describe":[102],"later.)":[103],"Their":[104],"research":[105,327],"provides":[106],"data":[107,274],"appear":[109],"support":[111],"generalization.":[113],"Vidulich":[114,261],"Tsang":[116],"offer":[120],"number":[122],"criticisms":[124],"two":[129,141,192],"particular":[131],"focusing":[132],"(a)":[134],"fact":[136],"sequential":[138,230],"processing":[139,231,241],"tasks,":[142],"resulting":[143],"because":[144],"widely":[146],"separated":[147],"displays":[148],"discrete":[150],"responses,":[151],"may":[152,334],"limit":[153],"contributions":[155],"resources":[158],"time-sharing":[160,236],"paradigm":[163],"chosen;":[164],"(b)":[166],"concerns":[167,265],"about":[168],"structure":[170],"three":[173],"2":[177],"\u2010":[178],"one":[179],"pair":[180],"mandating":[181],"continuous":[183],"demands":[184],"therefore":[186],"concurrent":[187],"processing,":[188],"other":[191],"pairs":[193],"probably":[194],"prohibiting":[195],"it.":[196],"They":[197],"suggest":[198],"feature":[201],"could":[202],"readily":[203],"observed":[207],"data,":[208],"thereby":[209],"eliminating":[210],"need":[212],"postulate":[214],"mechanisms.":[217],"Boles":[218],"Phillips":[220],"turn":[225],"argue":[226],"defense":[228],"common":[233],"most":[235],"applications":[237],"asynchronous":[240],"\u201cwas":[242],"considered":[243],"closely":[246],"mimic":[247],"dual":[248],"used":[251],"world\u201d":[255],"(p.":[256],"51).":[257],"Although":[258],"both":[259,346],"Tsang\u2019s":[263],"(2007)":[264],"some":[267],"merit,":[268],"also":[270],"believe":[271],"are":[275],"consistent":[276],"interpretation,":[281],"so":[283],"not":[286,335],"reemphasize":[287],"concerns.":[289],"Rather,":[290],"wish":[292],"highlight":[294],"importance":[296],"six":[298],"theoretical":[299],"methodological":[301],"issues":[302],"applied":[304],"attention":[305],"current":[309],"paper":[310],"brings":[311],"forefront.":[314],"In":[315,345],"doing":[316],"so,":[317],"hope":[319],"extend":[321],"message":[323],"experimental":[326],"reported":[328],"ways":[330],"authors":[333],"highlighted.":[337],"Issue":[338],"1.":[339],"Total":[340],"demand":[341],"versus":[342],"similarity.":[344],"my":[347],"older":[348],"(Sarno":[349],"&":[350],"Wickens,":[351],"1995;":[352]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}