{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2083501222","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1518/001872000779698213","title":"Why Fluid Dynamics Matters for Display Design in Process Control: Commentary on Bennett and Malek","display_name":"Why Fluid Dynamics Matters for Display Design in Process Control: Commentary on Bennett and Malek","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2083501222","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1518/001872000779698213","mag":"2083501222","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11132805"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1518/001872000779698213","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1518/001872000779698213","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83386566","display_name":"Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","issn_l":"0018-7208","issn":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"letter","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111850673","display_name":"Kim J. Vicente","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kim J. Vicente","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039852568","display_name":"C. Ross Ethier","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ross Ethier","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111850673"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.43096584,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69804765,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":"3","first_page":"451","last_page":"454"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12125","display_name":"Aerospace and Aviation Technology","score":0.9264000058174133,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13248","display_name":"Healthcare Technology and Patient Monitoring","score":0.909500002861023,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5851190090179443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.5406451225280762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamics","display_name":"Dynamics (music)","score":0.5384016633033752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-factors-and-ergonomics","display_name":"Human factors and ergonomics","score":0.4575868844985962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poison-control","display_name":"Poison control","score":0.44321632385253906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.42254722118377686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.40003159642219543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.32307448983192444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1856238842010498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-emergency","display_name":"Medical emergency","score":0.18415379524230957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.17436012625694275}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5851190090179443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.5406451225280762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145912823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113558","display_name":"Dynamics (music)","level":2,"score":0.5384016633033752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166735990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1750812","display_name":"Human factors and ergonomics","level":3,"score":0.4575868844985962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.44321632385253906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.42254722118377686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.40003159642219543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.32307448983192444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1856238842010498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.18415379524230957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.17436012625694275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016288","descriptor_name":"Computer Terminals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003626","descriptor_name":"Data Display","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004868","descriptor_name":"Equipment Failure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004869","descriptor_name":"Equipment Safety","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012212","descriptor_name":"Rheology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016288","descriptor_name":"Computer Terminals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003626","descriptor_name":"Data Display","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004868","descriptor_name":"Equipment Failure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004869","descriptor_name":"Equipment Safety","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012212","descriptor_name":"Rheology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016288","descriptor_name":"Computer Terminals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003626","descriptor_name":"Data Display","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004868","descriptor_name":"Equipment Failure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004869","descriptor_name":"Equipment Safety","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012212","descriptor_name":"Rheology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1518/001872000779698213","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1518/001872000779698213","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83386566","display_name":"Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","issn_l":"0018-7208","issn":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11132805","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11132805","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human factors","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W621000871","https://openalex.org/W1550840327","https://openalex.org/W2031645489","https://openalex.org/W2052424083","https://openalex.org/W2078950950","https://openalex.org/W2127424489","https://openalex.org/W2591136210","https://openalex.org/W4242608241"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2724817865","https://openalex.org/W2400992695","https://openalex.org/W2382944939","https://openalex.org/W2260842574","https://openalex.org/W2084453079","https://openalex.org/W2257529021","https://openalex.org/W3097631859","https://openalex.org/W2023557033","https://openalex.org/W2244508426","https://openalex.org/W2362352075"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"INTRODUCTION":[0],"As":[1],"its":[2,248],"name":[3],"implies,":[4],"cognitive":[5],"engineering":[6,17,64],"requires":[7,320],"attention":[8],"to":[9,38,91,134,145,201,215,392,540,611],"the":[150],"properties":[11,31,61],"of":[12,29,32,41,62,152,164,195,198,207,213,219,231,240,292,311,318,326,353,405,412,436,448,465,474,491,549],"both":[13],"human":[14,33],"cognition":[15,34],"and":[16,20,120,162,418,433,446,545,586],"systems.":[18,48],"Bennett":[19,119,417],"Malek":[21,121,419],"(this":[22,122,420],"issue)":[23,123,421],"have":[24,55,572],"done":[25],"an":[26,192,221,327,397,496,566],"exemplary":[27],"job":[28],"investigating":[30],"that":[35,88,102,149,232,321,484,501,509,612],"are":[36],"pertinent":[37],"design":[40,242],"animated":[42,128,222,497,547,588],"mimic":[43,129,155,223,498],"displays":[44,130,156],"for":[45,115],"process":[46],"control":[47,257,620],"In":[49,139,265],"so":[50,526],"doing,":[51],"however,":[52],"they":[53],"may":[54,590],"inadvertently":[56],"overlooked":[57],"some":[58,580],"potentially":[59],"vital":[60],"real":[63],"systems":[65],"(e.g.,":[66],"how":[67,189,275],"fluid":[68,84,276,293,329,373,510],"flows":[69,277],"in":[70,154,225,234,278,289,304,330,396,425,503,614],"a":[71,176,181,226,241,261,279,296,300,305,331,341,367,382,406,437,463,537,542],"piping":[72,228,280],"network":[73],"under":[74],"normal":[75,385,563],"and,":[76],"especially,":[77],"abnormal":[78],"situations).":[79],"A":[80,111,344,410],"closer":[81],"look":[82],"at":[83,337,380,485,513,536],"mechanical":[85],"factors":[86],"reveals":[87],"using":[89,220],"animation":[90,153],"depict":[92],"flow":[93,307,324,362,395,408,454,471,476,487,516,533,556,573],"rate":[94,308,325,363,455,472,517,557],"will":[95,364,374],"sometimes":[96],"provide":[97],"operators":[98,592],"with":[99,260],"misleading":[100],"feedback":[101],"could":[103,157,459,479],"negatively":[104],"affect":[105],"plant":[106],"safety.":[107],"FLOW":[108],"PATTERNS":[109],"IN":[110],"PIPING":[112],"NETWORK":[113],"Implications":[114],"Animated":[116],"Mimic":[117],"Displays":[118],"motivated":[124],"their":[125,140],"research":[126],"on":[127,175,402,443],"by":[131,254,273,299,356,416],"need":[133],"support":[135],"fault":[136,182,208],"management":[137,183],"behavior.":[138],"discussion":[141],"authors":[143],"return":[144],"this":[146,266,426,582],"issue,":[147],"stating":[148],"inclusion":[151],"...":[158],"improve":[159],"detection":[161],"diagnosis":[163],"faults":[165],"(p.":[166],"448).":[167],"However,":[168,428,495],"two":[170],"studies":[171],"conducted":[172],"evaluated":[173,252],"performance":[174],"quantitative":[177,196],"psychophysical":[178],"task,":[179],"not":[180,187,571],"task.":[184],"It":[185,523],"is":[186,212,347,389,511,551,565,584,609],"clear":[188],"results":[190],"from":[191,531,593],"elemental":[193],"task":[194,206],"judgments":[197],"velocity":[199],"generalize":[200],"more":[203,431],"complex":[204,227],"relational":[205],"management.":[209],"Therefore,":[210],"it":[211,388],"interest":[214],"consider":[216,284,429],"implications":[218],"display":[224,411,499,529,589],"network,":[229],"typical":[230],"found":[233],"real-world":[235],"applications.":[236],"Although":[237],"usability":[239],"can":[243,250,270],"only":[244],"be":[245,251,271,334,423,480],"assessed":[246],"empirically,":[247],"usefulness":[249],"analytically":[253],"identifying":[255],"requirements":[258,269],"associated":[259],"problem":[262],"(Rouse,":[263],"1990).":[264],"case":[267,287,435],"these":[268],"examined":[272],"reviewing":[274],"network.":[281],"We":[282],"initially":[283],"simplest":[286],"(shown":[288],"Figure":[290,504],"la)":[291],"flowing":[294,512],"through":[295],"pipe":[297,333,342,345,354,379,399,438,458,521,600],"controlled":[298],"valve":[301],"(VA),":[302],"resulting":[303,607],"sensed":[306],"(FA).":[309],"Breakdown":[310],"Normal":[312],"Expectations":[313],"about":[314,597],"Flow":[315],"Rate":[316],"Conservation":[317],"mass":[319],"instantaneous":[323],"incompressible":[328],"rigid":[332],"same":[336,515],"every":[338],"location":[339,445,478,539],"along":[340,456,519,559,576],"segment.":[343,522],"segment":[346,400],"defined":[348],"as":[349,372,462],"any":[350],"continuous":[351],"length":[352],"uninterrupted":[355],"branch":[357,368],"or":[358,369,376,440,451,602],"feeder":[359,370],"pipes.":[360],"Clearly,":[361],"change":[365,460],"across":[366],"point,":[371],"leave":[375],"enter":[377],"such":[381],"location.":[383,467],"Under":[384],"operating":[386],"conditions,":[387],"therefore":[390],"appropriate":[391],"represent":[393],"entire":[398],"based":[401],"output":[404],"single":[407,538],"sensor.":[409],"type":[414],"advocated":[415],"would":[422,506,524],"effective":[424],"case.":[427],"critical":[432],"demanding":[434],"break":[439,601],"leak.":[441],"Depending":[442],"severity":[447],"leak":[450,603],"break,":[452],"drastically":[461],"function":[464],"spatial":[466],"For":[468],"example,":[469],"downstream":[473],"sensor":[477,488],"much":[481],"less":[482],"than":[483],"itself":[489],"because":[490,527,568],"leaking":[493],"fluid.":[494],"like":[500],"shown":[502],"1b":[505],"erroneously":[507],"suggest":[508],"all":[518,558,575],"do":[525,570],"extrapolates":[530],"datum":[534],"collected":[535],"create":[541],"very":[543],"compelling":[544],"attention-grabbing":[546],"representation":[548],"what":[550],"normally":[552],"true":[553],"(i.e.,":[554],"constant":[555],"pipe).":[561],"This":[562],"relationship":[564],"inference":[567,583],"we":[569],"sensors":[574],"pipe.":[578],"During":[579],"faults,":[581],"incorrect,":[585],"discourage":[591],"entertaining":[594],"valid":[595],"hypotheses":[596],"where":[598],"might":[604],"be.":[605],"The":[606],"situation":[608],"analogous":[610],"observed":[613],"Three":[616],"Mile":[617],"Island":[618],"(TMI)":[619],"room":[621],"(Rubinstein,":[622],"1979).":[623],"\u2026":[624]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
