{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2095887739","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1518/001872000779656453","title":"The Immediate Effects of Glare and Electrochromic Glare-Reducing Mirrors in Simulated Truck Driving","display_name":"The Immediate Effects of Glare and Electrochromic Glare-Reducing Mirrors in Simulated Truck Driving","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2095887739","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1518/001872000779656453","mag":"2095887739","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11022889"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1518/001872000779656453","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1518/001872000779656453","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83386566","display_name":"Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","issn_l":"0018-7208","issn":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021606701","display_name":"Thomas A. Ranney","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1319829091","display_name":"Ohio Department of Transportation","ror":"https://ror.org/014303d61","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319829091"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1338365311","display_name":"National Highway Traffic Safety Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcfqs37","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282462722","https://openalex.org/I1338365311"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas A. Ranney","raw_affiliation_strings":["Transportation Research Center Inc., East Liberty, Ohio","Tansportation Research Center Inc., East Liberty, Ohio, USA. tom.ranney@nhtsa.dot.gov"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Transportation Research Center Inc., East Liberty, Ohio","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319829091"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tansportation Research Center Inc., East Liberty, Ohio, USA. tom.ranney@nhtsa.dot.gov","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1338365311"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102779010","display_name":"Lucinda A. Simmons","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9327-5203"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090186","display_name":"Sterling Research Group","ror":"https://ror.org/009prea33","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090186"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucinda A. Simmons","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sterling, Massachusetts"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sterling, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090186"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076367201","display_name":"Anthony J. Masalonis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44896327","display_name":"Mitre (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ks2a131","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony J. Masalonis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mitre Corporation, McLean, Virginia","MITRE Corporation,McLean, Virginia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mitre Corporation, McLean, Virginia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MITRE Corporation,McLean, Virginia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3887,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67813417,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":"2","first_page":"337","last_page":"347"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11692","display_name":"Noise Effects and Management","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3616","display_name":"Speech and Hearing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10190","display_name":"Air Quality and Health Impacts","score":0.9843000173568726,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glare","display_name":"GLARE","score":0.9036227464675903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrochromism","display_name":"Electrochromism","score":0.7393437623977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/truck","display_name":"Truck","score":0.6158942580223083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/driving-simulator","display_name":"Driving simulator","score":0.5390242338180542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.4840909242630005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4277370572090149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3856290578842163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.37677204608917236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3735363483428955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.34160614013671875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.29872286319732666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.17952072620391846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10096573829650879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09636911749839783}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194130854","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1529438","display_name":"GLARE","level":3,"score":0.9036227464675903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101643646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899105","display_name":"Electrochromism","level":3,"score":0.7393437623977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52121051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43193","display_name":"Truck","level":2,"score":0.6158942580223083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780689630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2081815","display_name":"Driving simulator","level":2,"score":0.5390242338180542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4840909242630005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4277370572090149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3856290578842163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.37677204608917236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3735363483428955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.34160614013671875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.29872286319732666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.17952072620391846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10096573829650879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09636911749839783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000704","descriptor_name":"Analysis of Variance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000704","descriptor_name":"Analysis of Variance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000704","descriptor_name":"Analysis of Variance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001334","descriptor_name":"Automobile Driving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001334","descriptor_name":"Automobile Driving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001334","descriptor_name":"Automobile Driving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008029","descriptor_name":"Lighting","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008029","descriptor_name":"Lighting","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008029","descriptor_name":"Lighting","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013647","descriptor_name":"Task Performance and Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013647","descriptor_name":"Task Performance and Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013647","descriptor_name":"Task Performance and Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018986","descriptor_name":"Motor Vehicles","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018986","descriptor_name":"Motor Vehicles","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018986","descriptor_name":"Motor Vehicles","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1518/001872000779656453","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1518/001872000779656453","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83386566","display_name":"Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","issn_l":"0018-7208","issn":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11022889","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11022889","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human factors","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W423191121","https://openalex.org/W633988277","https://openalex.org/W656593669","https://openalex.org/W659539994","https://openalex.org/W1524724082","https://openalex.org/W1589504292","https://openalex.org/W1915630256","https://openalex.org/W1941041189","https://openalex.org/W1968955573","https://openalex.org/W1982936514","https://openalex.org/W2116446143","https://openalex.org/W2143431246","https://openalex.org/W2167699955","https://openalex.org/W2200648180","https://openalex.org/W2290312602"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2075203782","https://openalex.org/W2073669106","https://openalex.org/W2594131870","https://openalex.org/W2018654847","https://openalex.org/W1965434391","https://openalex.org/W1481048421","https://openalex.org/W3170347858","https://openalex.org/W1982948598","https://openalex.org/W4232784031","https://openalex.org/W1982936514"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"experiment":[2],"12":[3],"experienced":[4],"truck":[5],"drivers":[6],"drove":[7],"a":[8,84],"fixed-base":[9],"driving":[10,19,48],"simulator":[11],"for":[12,145],"three":[13],"8-h":[14],"sessions":[15],"under":[16],"simulated":[17],"nighttime":[18],"conditions.":[20],"Sessions":[21],"included":[22],"(a)":[23],"no":[24,128],"glare,":[25],"(b)":[26],"intermittent":[27,41],"glare":[28,42,45,77,121,131,146],"presented":[29],"in":[30,70,93],"the":[31,65,71,88,137,158],"exterior":[32],"rearview":[33,72],"mirrors":[34],"to":[35,83],"simulate":[36],"following":[37],"vehicles,":[38],"and":[39,55,67,127],"(c)":[40],"with":[43,59,99],"electrochromic":[44,120,161],"reduction.":[46,147],"The":[47,74,148],"task":[49],"combined":[50],"vehicle":[51,134],"control":[52],"on":[53,106],"straight":[54],"curved":[56],"road":[57,66],"segments":[58],"detection":[60,79,89,125],"of":[61,76,80,90,157,160],"pedestrians":[62,81],"appearing":[63,69,92],"alongside":[64],"targets":[68,91],"mirrors.":[73,94,163],"presence":[75],"slowed":[78,87],"and,":[82,108],"lesser":[85],"extent,":[86],"Glare":[95],"was":[96],"also":[97],"associated":[98],"increased":[100,111],"lane":[101],"position":[102],"variability,":[103],"reduced":[104],"speed":[105],"curves,":[107],"most":[109],"consistently,":[110],"steering":[112],"variability.":[113],"We":[114],"found":[115],"only":[116],"meager":[117],"evidence":[118,129],"that":[119,130,139,154],"reduction":[122,132],"improved":[123,133],"target":[124],"performance":[126],"control,":[135],"despite":[136],"fact":[138],"participants":[140],"consistently":[141],"voiced":[142],"positive":[143],"preferences":[144],"results":[149],"will":[150],"aid":[151],"decision":[152],"making":[153],"requires":[155],"incorporation":[156],"benefits":[159],"glare-reducing":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}