{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2505912742","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/popets-2016-0040","title":"Data-plane Defenses against Routing Attacks on Tor","display_name":"Data-plane Defenses against Routing Attacks on Tor","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-07-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2505912742","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/popets-2016-0040","mag":"2505912742"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1515/popets-2016-0040","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/popets-2016-0040","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183172","display_name":"Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies","issn_l":"2299-0984","issn":["2299-0984"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320322","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter Open","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320322","https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter Open","De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/popets-2016-0040","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111780030","display_name":"Henry Tan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184565670","display_name":"Georgetown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Henry Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgetown University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgetown University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001599186","display_name":"Micah Sherr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7413-7673"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184565670","display_name":"Georgetown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Micah Sherr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgetown University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgetown University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101741069","display_name":"Wenchao Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2689-6020"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184565670","display_name":"Georgetown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenchao Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgetown University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgetown University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111780030"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4278,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93600099,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"2016","issue":"4","first_page":"276","last_page":"293"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversary","display_name":"Adversary","score":0.7986886501312256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anonymity","display_name":"Anonymity","score":0.7627888917922974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.7300134301185608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forwarding-plane","display_name":"Forwarding plane","score":0.6379594802856445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.631129264831543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5222783088684082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plane","display_name":"Plane (geometry)","score":0.48276081681251526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4365554451942444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversary-model","display_name":"Adversary model","score":0.4289880394935608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/honeypot","display_name":"Honeypot","score":0.4108860194683075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09504511952400208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.08122208714485168}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.7986886501312256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178005623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q308859","display_name":"Anonymity","level":2,"score":0.7627888917922974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.7300134301185608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10597312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5473302","display_name":"Forwarding plane","level":3,"score":0.6379594802856445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.631129264831543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5222783088684082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17825722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17285","display_name":"Plane (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.48276081681251526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4365554451942444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7606001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4686702","display_name":"Adversary model","level":3,"score":0.4289880394935608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191267431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911932","display_name":"Honeypot","level":2,"score":0.4108860194683075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09504511952400208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.08122208714485168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1515/popets-2016-0040","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/popets-2016-0040","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183172","display_name":"Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies","issn_l":"2299-0984","issn":["2299-0984"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320322","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter Open","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320322","https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter Open","De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2afe1783148148bface9ef95113b5e86","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2afe1783148148bface9ef95113b5e86","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies, Vol 2016, Iss 4, Pp 276-293 (2016)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1515/popets-2016-0040","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/popets-2016-0040","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183172","display_name":"Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies","issn_l":"2299-0984","issn":["2299-0984"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320322","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter Open","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320322","https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter Open","De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W187925940","https://openalex.org/W268795945","https://openalex.org/W657467964","https://openalex.org/W1608347639","https://openalex.org/W1655958391","https://openalex.org/W1764405480","https://openalex.org/W1985776777","https://openalex.org/W2002421583","https://openalex.org/W2031211716","https://openalex.org/W2031925412","https://openalex.org/W2042477294","https://openalex.org/W2075741102","https://openalex.org/W2076282258","https://openalex.org/W2080977773","https://openalex.org/W2094522125","https://openalex.org/W2103647628","https://openalex.org/W2107509798","https://openalex.org/W2127295197","https://openalex.org/W2137033465","https://openalex.org/W2142762102","https://openalex.org/W2151972741","https://openalex.org/W2162695692","https://openalex.org/W2164414844","https://openalex.org/W2395952473","https://openalex.org/W2399169235","https://openalex.org/W2546246032","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4295124898","https://openalex.org/W2085319386","https://openalex.org/W2212585693","https://openalex.org/W2088745056","https://openalex.org/W2918039754","https://openalex.org/W3112099530","https://openalex.org/W1658340114","https://openalex.org/W2247984752","https://openalex.org/W2123681352","https://openalex.org/W2343460230"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Tor":[1,86,94,109,131],"is":[2,112],"susceptible":[3],"to":[4,25,40,55,68,100,117,158,181],"traffic":[5,70],"correlation":[6],"attacks":[7,80,102],"in":[8,148,153,189,195],"which":[9],"an":[10,33,57],"adversary":[11,34,119],"who":[12],"observes":[13],"flows":[14,27],"entering":[15],"and":[16,28,63,114,175],"leaving":[17],"the":[18,49,61,76,82,85,92,105,108,115,118,122,136,154,168,196],"anonymity":[19],"network":[20,110],"can":[21,52],"apply":[22],"statistical":[23],"techniques":[24],"correlate":[26],"de-anonymize":[29],"their":[30],"endpoints.":[31],"While":[32],"may":[35],"not":[36,166],"be":[37,53],"naturally":[38],"positioned":[39],"conduct":[41],"such":[42],"attacks,":[43],"a":[44,190],"recent":[45],"study":[46],"shows":[47],"that":[48,111,129,142,185],"Internet\u2019s":[50],"control-plane":[51,79,161,200],"manipulated":[54],"increase":[56],"adversary\u2019s":[58],"view":[59],"of":[60,78,84,91,107,120,171,198],"network,":[62,95],"consequently,":[64],"improve":[65],"its":[66],"ability":[67],"perform":[69],"correlation.":[71],"This":[72],"paper":[73],"explores,":[74],"in-depth,":[75],"effects":[77],"on":[81],"security":[83],"network.":[87],"Using":[88],"accurate":[89],"models":[90],"live":[93],"we":[96,140],"quantify":[97],"Tor\u2019s":[98],"susceptibility":[99],"these":[101],"by":[103,143],"measuring":[104],"fraction":[106],"vulnerable":[113],"advantage":[116],"performing":[121],"attacks.":[123,162,201],"We":[124,183],"further":[125],"propose":[126],"defense":[127],"mechanisms":[128],"protect":[130],"users":[132],"from":[133],"manipulations":[134],"at":[135],"control-plane.":[137],"Perhaps":[138],"surprisingly,":[139],"show":[141,184],"leveraging":[144],"existing":[145],"trust":[146],"anchors":[147],"Tor,":[149],"defenses":[150,164,187],"deployed":[151],"only":[152,177],"data-plane":[155],"are":[156],"sufficient":[157],"detect":[159],"most":[160],"Our":[163],"do":[165],"assume":[167],"active":[169],"participation":[170],"Internet":[172],"Service":[173],"Providers,":[174],"require":[176],"very":[178],"small":[179],"changes":[180],"Tor.":[182],"our":[186],"result":[188],"more":[191],"than":[192],"tenfold":[193],"decrease":[194],"effectiveness":[197],"certain":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-08-23T00:00:00"}