{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2076855630","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pjbr-2015-0005","title":"The Interactive Urban Robot: User-centered development and final field trial of a direction requesting robot","display_name":"The Interactive Urban Robot: User-centered development and final field trial of a direction requesting robot","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2076855630","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pjbr-2015-0005","mag":"2076855630"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1515/pjbr-2015-0005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pjbr-2015-0005","pdf_url":"http://www.degruyter.com/downloadpdf/j/pjbr.2015.6.issue-1/pjbr-2015-0005/pjbr-2015-0005.xml","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226531","display_name":"Paladyn Journal of Behavioral Robotics","issn_l":"2081-4836","issn":["2081-4836"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320322","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter Open","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320322","https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter Open","De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Paladyn, Journal of Behavioral Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"http://www.degruyter.com/downloadpdf/j/pjbr.2015.6.issue-1/pjbr-2015-0005/pjbr-2015-0005.xml","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071826560","display_name":"Astrid Weiss","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7803-9413"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Astrid Weiss","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automation and Control, Vienna University of Technology, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automation and Control, Vienna University of Technology, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086545515","display_name":"Nicole Mirnig","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182212641","display_name":"University of Salzburg","ror":"https://ror.org/05gs8cd61","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182212641"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicole Mirnig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Human-Computer Interaction, University of Salzburg, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Human-Computer Interaction, University of Salzburg, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182212641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065364108","display_name":"Ulrike Bruckenberger","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182212641","display_name":"University of Salzburg","ror":"https://ror.org/05gs8cd61","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182212641"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ulrike Bruckenberger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Human-Computer Interaction, University of Salzburg, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Human-Computer Interaction, University of Salzburg, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182212641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020379229","display_name":"Ewald Strasser","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182212641","display_name":"University of Salzburg","ror":"https://ror.org/05gs8cd61","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182212641"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ewald Strasser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Human-Computer Interaction, University of Salzburg, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Human-Computer Interaction, University of Salzburg, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182212641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070249475","display_name":"Manfred Tscheligi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6056-7285"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182212641","display_name":"University of Salzburg","ror":"https://ror.org/05gs8cd61","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182212641"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manfred Tscheligi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Human-Computer Interaction, University of Salzburg, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Human-Computer Interaction, University of Salzburg, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182212641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033378767","display_name":"Barbara K\u00fchnlenz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9214-1032"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157413458","display_name":"Coburg University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02p5hsv84","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157413458"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barbara K\u00fchnlenz (Gonsior)","raw_affiliation_strings":["Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157413458"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061769472","display_name":"Dirk Wollherr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2810-6790"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dirk Wollherr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automatic Control Engineering (LSR), Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automatic Control Engineering (LSR), Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078555936","display_name":"Bart\u0142omiej Sta\u0144czyk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2319-7358"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bartlomiej Stanczyk","raw_affiliation_strings":["ACCREA Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ACCREA Engineering","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071826560"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"],"apc_list":{"value":1000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1078},"apc_paid":{"value":1000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1078},"fwci":2.1252,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87577156,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14074","display_name":"Persona Design and Applications","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.724361002445221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.705206036567688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.6853813529014587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6530627012252808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5883815288543701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.5049727559089661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.46857261657714844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.4525552988052368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013robot-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013robot interaction","score":0.4364749789237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-robot","display_name":"Social robot","score":0.43255770206451416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modalities","display_name":"Modalities","score":0.4165912866592407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-robot","display_name":"Mobile robot","score":0.30813878774642944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2975175976753235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot-control","display_name":"Robot control","score":0.16841959953308105}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.724361002445221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.705206036567688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.6853813529014587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6530627012252808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5883815288543701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.5049727559089661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.46857261657714844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.4525552988052368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145460709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q859951","display_name":"Human\u2013robot interaction","level":3,"score":0.4364749789237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162947575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2005645","display_name":"Social robot","level":5,"score":0.43255770206451416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.4165912866592407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19966478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4810574","display_name":"Mobile robot","level":3,"score":0.30813878774642944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2975175976753235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65401140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353385","display_name":"Robot control","level":4,"score":0.16841959953308105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1515/pjbr-2015-0005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pjbr-2015-0005","pdf_url":"http://www.degruyter.com/downloadpdf/j/pjbr.2015.6.issue-1/pjbr-2015-0005/pjbr-2015-0005.xml","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226531","display_name":"Paladyn Journal of Behavioral Robotics","issn_l":"2081-4836","issn":["2081-4836"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320322","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter Open","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320322","https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter Open","De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Paladyn, Journal of Behavioral Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:059170b0034045588114b43adefaaf23","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/059170b0034045588114b43adefaaf23","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Paladyn, Vol 6, Iss 1 (2015)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1515/pjbr-2015-0005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pjbr-2015-0005","pdf_url":"http://www.degruyter.com/downloadpdf/j/pjbr.2015.6.issue-1/pjbr-2015-0005/pjbr-2015-0005.xml","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226531","display_name":"Paladyn Journal of Behavioral Robotics","issn_l":"2081-4836","issn":["2081-4836"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320322","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter Open","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320322","https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter Open","De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Paladyn, Journal of Behavioral Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.7099999785423279,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2076855630.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2076855630.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19079155","https://openalex.org/W20018439","https://openalex.org/W166668249","https://openalex.org/W1493143637","https://openalex.org/W1559267142","https://openalex.org/W1967872584","https://openalex.org/W1975374640","https://openalex.org/W1977846507","https://openalex.org/W1989023614","https://openalex.org/W1998626812","https://openalex.org/W2020299617","https://openalex.org/W2026000422","https://openalex.org/W2028878510","https://openalex.org/W2035385036","https://openalex.org/W2045109322","https://openalex.org/W2060981264","https://openalex.org/W2087259295","https://openalex.org/W2090189546","https://openalex.org/W2096207039","https://openalex.org/W2122980992","https://openalex.org/W2132049110","https://openalex.org/W2135115712","https://openalex.org/W2139274531","https://openalex.org/W2144275181","https://openalex.org/W2150270615","https://openalex.org/W2156603136","https://openalex.org/W2156955972","https://openalex.org/W2170679598","https://openalex.org/W2541104997"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4285028670","https://openalex.org/W2108809812","https://openalex.org/W54094942","https://openalex.org/W2164234705","https://openalex.org/W2175714038","https://openalex.org/W2175869054","https://openalex.org/W4312511060","https://openalex.org/W3181705171","https://openalex.org/W2160434794","https://openalex.org/W4250841346"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"In":[1],"this":[2],"article,":[3],"we":[4,76],"present":[5,42],"the":[6,10,19,43,68,72,92,132,161],"user-centered":[7],"development":[8,45,162],"of":[9,50,80,87,95,105,116,124,153,163],"service":[11],"robot":[12,99],"IURO.":[13],"IURO\u2019s":[14],"goal":[15],"is":[16],"to":[17,21,121],"find":[18],"way":[20],"a":[22,48,78,110],"designated":[23],"place":[24],"in":[25,89,91],"town":[26],"without":[27],"any":[28],"previous":[29],"map":[30],"knowledge,":[31],"just":[32],"by":[33],"retrieving":[34],"information":[35],"from":[36],"asking":[37],"pedestrians":[38,104],"for":[39,160],"directions.":[40],"We":[41],"3-years":[44],"process,which":[46],"involved":[47],"series":[49,79],"studies":[51],"on":[52],"its":[53],"appearance,":[54],"communication":[55],"model,":[56],"feedback":[57],"modalities,":[58],"and":[59,134,151,155],"social":[60],"navigation":[61],"mechanisms.":[62],"Our":[63],"main":[64],"contribution":[65],"lies":[66],"within":[67],"final":[69],"field":[70],"trial.With":[71],"autonomous":[73],"IURO":[74,154],"platform,":[75],"performed":[77],"six":[81],"way-finding":[82],"runs":[83],"(over":[84],"24":[85],"hours":[86],"run-time":[88],"total)":[90],"city":[93],"center":[94],"Munich,":[96],"Germany.":[97],"The":[98,142],"interacted":[100,130],"with":[101,131],"approximately":[102],"100":[103],"which":[106],"36":[107],"interactions":[108],"included":[109],"full":[111],"route":[112],"dialogue.":[113],"A":[114],"variety":[115],"empirical":[117],"methods":[118],"was":[119],"used":[120],"explore":[122],"reactions":[123],"primary":[125],"users":[126,136],"(pedestrians":[127],"who":[128,138],"actually":[129],"robot)":[133],"secondary":[135],"(bystanders":[137],"observed":[139],"others":[140],"interacting).":[141],"gathered":[143],"data":[144],"provides":[145],"insights":[146],"into":[147],"usability,":[148],"user":[149],"experience,":[150],"acceptance":[152],"allowed":[156],"us":[157],"deriving":[158],"recommendations":[159],"other":[164],"socially":[165],"interactive":[166],"robots.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
