{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2884965756","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jisys-2018-0105","title":"A One-Pass Approach for Slope and Slant Estimation of Tri-Script Handwritten Words","display_name":"A One-Pass Approach for Slope and Slant Estimation of Tri-Script Handwritten Words","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2884965756","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jisys-2018-0105","mag":"2884965756"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1515/jisys-2018-0105","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jisys-2018-0105","pdf_url":"http://www.degruyter.com/downloadpdf/j/jisys.2020.29.issue-1/jisys-2018-0105/jisys-2018-0105.xml","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764846071","display_name":"Journal of Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"0334-1860","issn":["0334-1860","2191-026X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315148","host_organization_name":"IlmuKomputer.Com","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315148"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IlmuKomputer.Com"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"http://www.degruyter.com/downloadpdf/j/jisys.2020.29.issue-1/jisys-2018-0105/jisys-2018-0105.xml","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001895855","display_name":"Suman Kumar Bera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6968-2079"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170979836","display_name":"Jadavpur University","ror":"https://ror.org/02af4h012","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suman Kumar Bera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering , Jadavpur University , Kolkata , India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering , Jadavpur University , Kolkata , India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066580080","display_name":"Radib Kar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8872-8503"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170979836","display_name":"Jadavpur University","ror":"https://ror.org/02af4h012","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Radib Kar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering , Jadavpur University , Kolkata , India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering , Jadavpur University , Kolkata , India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101513139","display_name":"Souvik Saha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8322-0639"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170979836","display_name":"Jadavpur University","ror":"https://ror.org/02af4h012","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Souvik Saha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering , Jadavpur University , Kolkata , India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering , Jadavpur University , Kolkata , India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030798804","display_name":"Akash Chakrabarty","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170979836","display_name":"Jadavpur University","ror":"https://ror.org/02af4h012","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akash Chakrabarty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering , Jadavpur University , Kolkata , India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering , Jadavpur University , Kolkata , India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074768465","display_name":"Sagnik Lahiri","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170979836","display_name":"Jadavpur University","ror":"https://ror.org/02af4h012","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sagnik Lahiri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering , Jadavpur University , Kolkata , India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering , Jadavpur University , Kolkata , India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012409289","display_name":"Samir Malakar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4217-2372"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samir Malakar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science , Asutosh College , Kolkata , India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science , Asutosh College , Kolkata , India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082599641","display_name":"Ram Sarkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8813-4086"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170979836","display_name":"Jadavpur University","ror":"https://ror.org/02af4h012","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ram Sarkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering , Jadavpur University , Kolkata , India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering , Jadavpur University , Kolkata , India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082599641"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"],"apc_list":{"value":1000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1078},"apc_paid":{"value":1000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1078},"fwci":0.9561,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8100009,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"1","first_page":"688","last_page":"702"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/devanagari","display_name":"Devanagari","score":0.8131992816925049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7713873386383057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.714349627494812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting","display_name":"Handwriting","score":0.6518198847770691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6161839365959167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ellipse","display_name":"Ellipse","score":0.6011017560958862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scripting-language","display_name":"Scripting language","score":0.5364364385604858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting-recognition","display_name":"Handwriting recognition","score":0.5310226678848267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-character-recognition","display_name":"Optical character recognition","score":0.5299806594848633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complement","display_name":"Complement (music)","score":0.5046473741531372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.48564374446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.4675513505935669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4536345899105072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.44043001532554626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oblique-case","display_name":"Oblique case","score":0.4248008728027344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.41709989309310913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.35522013902664185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character-recognition","display_name":"Character recognition","score":0.31295639276504517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.17887040972709656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15798687934875488}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780144916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38592","display_name":"Devanagari","level":4,"score":0.8131992816925049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7713873386383057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.714349627494812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779386606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393642","display_name":"Handwriting","level":2,"score":0.6518198847770691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6161839365959167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74261601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40112","display_name":"Ellipse","level":2,"score":0.6011017560958862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61423126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187432","display_name":"Scripting language","level":2,"score":0.5364364385604858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112640561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2440634","display_name":"Handwriting recognition","level":3,"score":0.5310226678848267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546480517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Optical character recognition","level":3,"score":0.5299806594848633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112313634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886648","display_name":"Complement (music)","level":5,"score":0.5046473741531372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.48564374446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4675513505935669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4536345899105072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.44043001532554626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160697094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1233197","display_name":"Oblique case","level":2,"score":0.4248008728027344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.41709989309310913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.35522013902664185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987247673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Character recognition","level":3,"score":0.31295639276504517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.17887040972709656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15798687934875488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127716648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053","display_name":"Phenotype","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188082640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780899","display_name":"Complementation","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1515/jisys-2018-0105","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jisys-2018-0105","pdf_url":"http://www.degruyter.com/downloadpdf/j/jisys.2020.29.issue-1/jisys-2018-0105/jisys-2018-0105.xml","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764846071","display_name":"Journal of Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"0334-1860","issn":["0334-1860","2191-026X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315148","host_organization_name":"IlmuKomputer.Com","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315148"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IlmuKomputer.Com"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f742a335e81244bdab42631720672c2c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f742a335e81244bdab42631720672c2c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Intelligent Systems, Vol 29, Iss 1, Pp 688-702 (2018)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1515/jisys-2018-0105","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jisys-2018-0105","pdf_url":"http://www.degruyter.com/downloadpdf/j/jisys.2020.29.issue-1/jisys-2018-0105/jisys-2018-0105.xml","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764846071","display_name":"Journal of Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"0334-1860","issn":["0334-1860","2191-026X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315148","host_organization_name":"IlmuKomputer.Com","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315148"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IlmuKomputer.Com"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8399999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2884965756.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2884965756.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1822371218","https://openalex.org/W1966363214","https://openalex.org/W1969168333","https://openalex.org/W1974177088","https://openalex.org/W1979900189","https://openalex.org/W1984740701","https://openalex.org/W1988759943","https://openalex.org/W1993636010","https://openalex.org/W1993697526","https://openalex.org/W2026128588","https://openalex.org/W2033029582","https://openalex.org/W2041807822","https://openalex.org/W2048139735","https://openalex.org/W2079622429","https://openalex.org/W2090855106","https://openalex.org/W2095905764","https://openalex.org/W2102991801","https://openalex.org/W2109606373","https://openalex.org/W2117981353","https://openalex.org/W2120686266","https://openalex.org/W2133059825","https://openalex.org/W2140427427","https://openalex.org/W2149446864","https://openalex.org/W2153767088","https://openalex.org/W2157494358","https://openalex.org/W2295332751","https://openalex.org/W2474174150","https://openalex.org/W2573965845","https://openalex.org/W2595620450","https://openalex.org/W2735081798","https://openalex.org/W2749897112","https://openalex.org/W2774986299","https://openalex.org/W2787175084"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3045860746","https://openalex.org/W3203374899","https://openalex.org/W4238183413","https://openalex.org/W2549018196","https://openalex.org/W2338076232","https://openalex.org/W4320802022","https://openalex.org/W3211505959","https://openalex.org/W145261646","https://openalex.org/W3003949997","https://openalex.org/W2600398697"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Handwritten":[1],"words":[2,7],"can":[3],"never":[4],"complement":[5],"printed":[6],"because":[8],"the":[9,53,71,74,89,110,116,122,154,157,166],"former":[10],"are":[11,50],"mostly":[12],"written":[13],"in":[14,21,57,138],"either":[15],"skewed":[16],"or":[17,20],"slanted":[18],"form":[19],"both.":[22],"This":[23],"very":[24],"nature":[25],"of":[26,73,121,133,156],"handwriting":[27],"adds":[28],"a":[29,67,99],"huge":[30],"overhead":[31],"when":[32],"converting":[33],"word":[34,59,75,111,131],"images":[35,132],"into":[36],"machine-editable":[37],"format":[38],"through":[39],"an":[40,106],"optical":[41],"character":[42],"recognition":[43],"system.":[44],"Therefore,":[45],"slope":[46,72,117],"and":[47,79,118,143],"slant":[48,81,119],"corrections":[49],"considered":[51],"as":[52],"fundamental":[54],"pre-processing":[55],"tasks":[56],"handwritten":[58],"recognition.":[60],"For":[61],"solving":[62],"this,":[63],"researchers":[64],"have":[65,126],"followed":[66],"two-pass":[68],"approach":[69],"where":[70],"is":[76,83],"corrected":[77],"first":[78],"then":[80],"correction":[82],"carried":[84],"out":[85],"subsequently,":[86],"thus":[87],"making":[88],"system":[90],"computationally":[91],"expensive.":[92],"To":[93],"address":[94],"this":[95],"issue,":[96],"we":[97,125],"propose":[98],"novel":[100],"one-pass":[101],"method,":[102],"based":[103],"on":[104],"fitting":[105],"oblique":[107],"ellipse":[108],"over":[109,160],"images,":[112],"to":[113],"estimate":[114],"both":[115],"angles":[120],"same.":[123],"Furthermore,":[124],"developed":[127],"three":[128,134],"databases":[129],"considering":[130],"popular":[135],"scripts":[136],"used":[137,164],"India,":[139],"namely":[140],"Bangla,":[141],"Devanagari,":[142],"Roman,":[144],"along":[145],"with":[146],"ground":[147],"truth":[148],"information.":[149],"The":[150],"experimental":[151],"results":[152],"revealed":[153],"effectiveness":[155],"proposed":[158],"method":[159],"some":[161],"state-of-the-art":[162],"methods":[163],"for":[165],"aforementioned":[167],"problem.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-13T16:22:10.518609","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}