{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386543333","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/auto-2023-0089","title":"A new hybrid risk assessment process for cyber security design of smart grids using fuzzy analytic hierarchy processes","display_name":"A new hybrid risk assessment process for cyber security design of smart grids using fuzzy analytic hierarchy processes","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386543333","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/auto-2023-0089"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1515/auto-2023-0089","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/auto-2023-0089","pdf_url":"https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/auto-2023-0089/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170077","display_name":"at - Automatisierungstechnik","issn_l":"0178-2312","issn":["0178-2312","2196-677X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319967","host_organization_name":"R. Oldenbourg Verlag","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319967"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["R. Oldenbourg Verlag"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"at - Automatisierungstechnik","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/auto-2023-0089/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092775885","display_name":"Sine Canbolat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7292-7989"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sine Canbolat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics (IAI), KASTEL Security Research Labs , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics (IAI), KASTEL Security Research Labs , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025369498","display_name":"Ghada Elbez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1137-1782"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ghada Elbez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics (IAI), KASTEL Security Research Labs , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics (IAI), KASTEL Security Research Labs , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014228448","display_name":"Veit Hagenmeyer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3572-9083"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Veit Hagenmeyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics (IAI), KASTEL Security Research Labs , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics (IAI), KASTEL Security Research Labs , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5092775885"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2157},"fwci":7.4077,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97207546,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"9","first_page":"779","last_page":"788"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.7221142053604126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.6212983727455139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5754973888397217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchy","display_name":"Hierarchy","score":0.5619180202484131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5592308044433594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.5513378381729126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.5111244320869446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5079792141914368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-assessment","display_name":"Risk assessment","score":0.49235475063323975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.48519590497016907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.3484532833099365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.2927107810974121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2672445476055145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.24176481366157532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23016390204429626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.16472524404525757}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.7221142053604126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.6212983727455139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5754973888397217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.5619180202484131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5592308044433594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.5513378381729126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.5111244320869446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5079792141914368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.49235475063323975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.48519590497016907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.3484532833099365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2927107810974121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2672445476055145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.24176481366157532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23016390204429626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.16472524404525757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1515/auto-2023-0089","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/auto-2023-0089","pdf_url":"https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/auto-2023-0089/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170077","display_name":"at - Automatisierungstechnik","issn_l":"0178-2312","issn":["0178-2312","2196-677X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319967","host_organization_name":"R. Oldenbourg Verlag","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319967"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["R. Oldenbourg Verlag"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"at - Automatisierungstechnik","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:EVASTAR-Karlsruhe.de:1000162911","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000162911","pdf_url":"https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000162911/151451632","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401992","display_name":"Repository KITopen (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","host_organization_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Automatisierungstechnik","raw_type":"doc-type:article"},{"id":"doi:10.5445/ir/1000162911","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000162911","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052948","display_name":"KITopen","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1515/auto-2023-0089","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/auto-2023-0089","pdf_url":"https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/auto-2023-0089/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170077","display_name":"at - Automatisierungstechnik","issn_l":"0178-2312","issn":["0178-2312","2196-677X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319967","host_organization_name":"R. Oldenbourg Verlag","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319967"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["R. Oldenbourg Verlag"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"at - Automatisierungstechnik","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6399999856948853,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386543333.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987347924","https://openalex.org/W1991376999","https://openalex.org/W2093847211","https://openalex.org/W2131060714","https://openalex.org/W2131875370","https://openalex.org/W2137413705","https://openalex.org/W2492688925","https://openalex.org/W2512479836","https://openalex.org/W2779027826","https://openalex.org/W2936667289","https://openalex.org/W2947974612","https://openalex.org/W2968492140","https://openalex.org/W2974501647","https://openalex.org/W3015869051","https://openalex.org/W3048176135","https://openalex.org/W3147914029","https://openalex.org/W3179245071","https://openalex.org/W4230846333","https://openalex.org/W4244464507","https://openalex.org/W6969120136"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2365264209","https://openalex.org/W2509431957","https://openalex.org/W2026999166","https://openalex.org/W1599954583","https://openalex.org/W1992685502","https://openalex.org/W4211007821","https://openalex.org/W2802395037","https://openalex.org/W4389565704","https://openalex.org/W1996802783","https://openalex.org/W3207031006"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"IT":[1],"vulnerabilities,":[2],"cyber":[3],"threats,":[4],"and":[5,14,33,49,63,92],"resulting":[6],"risks":[7,40],"significantly":[8],"impact":[9],"the":[10,31,36,90],"stability":[11],"of":[12,20,30,35,61,95],"current":[13],"future":[15],"power":[16],"grids.":[17],"The":[18,39,86,124],"results":[19,125],"a":[21,27,59,71,106,114],"Risk":[22,74],"Assessment":[23,75],"process":[24],"contribute":[25],"to":[26,57,82,100],"better":[28],"understanding":[29],"causes":[32],"nature":[34],"associated":[37],"risks.":[38],"assessed":[41],"by":[42],"experts":[43],"are":[44],"available":[45],"in":[46,113,130],"both":[47],"numerical":[48,64],"linguistic":[50,62],"representations":[51],"\u2013":[52],"this":[53,67,104],"makes":[54],"it":[55],"beneficial":[56],"include":[58],"combination":[60],"analyses.":[65],"In":[66],"paper,":[68],"we":[69],"propose":[70],"new":[72],"Hybrid":[73],"method":[76],"based":[77],"on":[78],"fuzzy":[79,96],"logic,":[80],"leading":[81],"more":[83],"precise":[84],"results.":[85],"presented":[87],"approach":[88],"specifies":[89],"variables":[91],"membership":[93],"functions":[94],"logic":[97],"with":[98,109],"reference":[99],"Smart":[101,116],"Grids.":[102],"For":[103],"propose,":[105],"case":[107],"study":[108],"five":[110],"risk":[111],"events":[112],"small-scale":[115],"Grid":[117],"is":[118],"carried":[119],"out":[120],"as":[121],"an":[122],"example.":[123],"can":[126],"then":[127],"support":[128],"decision-makers":[129],"ensuring":[131],"grid":[132],"stability.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-13T16:22:10.518609","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
