{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4315699602","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/auto-2022-0097","title":"The role of driver models in testing highly-automated driving: a survey","display_name":"The role of driver models in testing highly-automated driving: a survey","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4315699602","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/auto-2022-0097"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1515/auto-2022-0097","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/auto-2022-0097","pdf_url":"https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/auto-2022-0097/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170077","display_name":"at - Automatisierungstechnik","issn_l":"0178-2312","issn":["0178-2312","2196-677X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319967","host_organization_name":"R. Oldenbourg Verlag","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319967"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["R. Oldenbourg Verlag"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"at - Automatisierungstechnik","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/auto-2022-0097/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020588387","display_name":"Markus Lemmer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1611-0680"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143379178","display_name":"FZI Research Center for Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04kdh6x72","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143379178"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Markus Lemmer","raw_affiliation_strings":["FZI Research Center for Information Technology , Karlsruhe , Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1611-0680","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"FZI Research Center for Information Technology , Karlsruhe , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143379178"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090909486","display_name":"Stefan Schwab","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2646-7755"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143379178","display_name":"FZI Research Center for Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04kdh6x72","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143379178"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Schwab","raw_affiliation_strings":["FZI Research Center for Information Technology , Karlsruhe , Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2646-7755","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"FZI Research Center for Information Technology , Karlsruhe , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143379178"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040502908","display_name":"S\u00f6ren Hohmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4170-1431"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S\u00f6ren Hohmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Control Systems , Karlsruhe , Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4170-1431","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Control Systems , Karlsruhe , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020588387"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143379178"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0032868,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"1","first_page":"16","last_page":"27"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6448196172714233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.6004819273948669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.5431645512580872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.4023909568786621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.26517483592033386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.09611263871192932}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6448196172714233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6004819273948669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.5431645512580872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.4023909568786621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.26517483592033386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.09611263871192932}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1515/auto-2022-0097","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/auto-2022-0097","pdf_url":"https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/auto-2022-0097/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170077","display_name":"at - Automatisierungstechnik","issn_l":"0178-2312","issn":["0178-2312","2196-677X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319967","host_organization_name":"R. Oldenbourg Verlag","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319967"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["R. Oldenbourg Verlag"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"at - Automatisierungstechnik","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1515/auto-2022-0097","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/auto-2022-0097","pdf_url":"https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/auto-2022-0097/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170077","display_name":"at - Automatisierungstechnik","issn_l":"0178-2312","issn":["0178-2312","2196-677X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319967","host_organization_name":"R. Oldenbourg Verlag","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319967"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["R. Oldenbourg Verlag"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"at - Automatisierungstechnik","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.4699999988079071,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4315699602.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4315699602.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1533274187","https://openalex.org/W1891622162","https://openalex.org/W1914008033","https://openalex.org/W1965455100","https://openalex.org/W1965578057","https://openalex.org/W1967509108","https://openalex.org/W2031512695","https://openalex.org/W2042135873","https://openalex.org/W2048079106","https://openalex.org/W2065118013","https://openalex.org/W2072016475","https://openalex.org/W2108635256","https://openalex.org/W2249886837","https://openalex.org/W2582970877","https://openalex.org/W2598878425","https://openalex.org/W2769555969","https://openalex.org/W2795517362","https://openalex.org/W2887569897","https://openalex.org/W2888520924","https://openalex.org/W2903709398","https://openalex.org/W2939856335","https://openalex.org/W2963898834","https://openalex.org/W3118900686","https://openalex.org/W4206788488","https://openalex.org/W4230519770","https://openalex.org/W4243385754","https://openalex.org/W4250138201"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2478288626","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2530322880","https://openalex.org/W1596801655"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"A":[1,17],"particular":[2],"challenge":[3],"in":[4,36,76],"the":[5,12,23,27,40,62,66,71],"development":[6],"of":[7,14,29,39,47,51,61],"highly-automated":[8],"driving":[9,89],"functions":[10],"is":[11,26],"validation":[13,24,41],"these":[15],"systems.":[16],"possible":[18],"approach":[19],"to":[20,81],"cope":[21],"with":[22,79],"effort":[25],"use":[28,64],"simulations.":[30],"Thereby,":[31],"simulators":[32],"can":[33],"be":[34,74],"used":[35],"various":[37,67],"aspects":[38,50],"process.":[42],"For":[43],"a":[44],"meaningful":[45],"application":[46],"simulators,":[48],"individual":[49],"reality":[52],"are":[53],"replaced":[54],"by":[55],"models.":[56],"Based":[57],"on":[58],"an":[59],"analysis":[60],"different":[63],"cases,":[65],"driver":[68],"models":[69],"from":[70],"state-of-art":[72],"will":[73],"examined":[75],"this":[77],"article":[78],"regard":[80],"their":[82],"conceptual":[83],"suitability":[84],"for":[85],"safeguarding":[86],"highly":[87],"automated":[88],"functions.":[90]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
